diff --git a/middleware/encoding.go b/middleware/encoding.go
index 5bbfc74..d9efa3b 100644
--- a/middleware/encoding.go
+++ b/middleware/encoding.go
@@ -38,6 +38,11 @@ func (w *contentEncodingWriter) Write(data []byte) (int, error) {
 		return w.writer.Write(data)
 	}
 
+	if w.Header().Get("Content-Encoding") != "" {
+		// Content encoding was already set, so we should ignore this!
+		return w.ResponseWriter.Write(data)
+	}
+
 	// Buffer the data until we can decide whether to compress it or not.
 	w.buf.Write(data)
 
diff --git a/middleware/encoding_test.go b/middleware/encoding_test.go
index 40cb29e..5492fb2 100644
--- a/middleware/encoding_test.go
+++ b/middleware/encoding_test.go
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 package middleware
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"compress/gzip"
+	"crypto/rand"
 	"io/ioutil"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
@@ -200,3 +202,34 @@ func TestContentEncodingPanicBuffered(t *testing.T) {
 	// when the content encoding writer is closed.
 	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusInternalServerError, w.Result().StatusCode)
 }
+
+func TestContentEncodingIgnore(t *testing.T) {
+	app, _ := newTestRouter(t)
+	app.Resource("/").Get("test", "test",
+		responses.OK(),
+	).Run(func(ctx huma.Context) {
+		ctx.Header().Set("Content-Encoding", "br")
+		buf := make([]byte, 2500)
+		// Randomize so it can't compress well, which keeps the response
+		// large enough to potentially double-compress.
+		rand.Read(buf)
+		buf[0] = 'H'
+		buf[1] = 'e'
+		buf[2] = 'l'
+		buf[3] = 'l'
+		buf[4] = 'o'
+		w := brotli.NewWriter(ctx)
+		w.Write(buf)
+		w.Close()
+	})
+
+	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, "/", nil)
+	req.Header.Add("Accept-Encoding", "br")
+	app.ServeHTTP(w, req)
+	assert.Equal(t, http.StatusOK, w.Result().StatusCode)
+	out := make([]byte, 2500)
+	_, err := brotli.NewReader(bytes.NewReader(w.Body.Bytes())).Read(out)
+	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	assert.Equal(t, []byte{'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o'}, out[:5])
+}