sched/idle: Add support for tasks that inject idle

Idle injection drivers such as Intel powerclamp and ACPI PAD drivers use
realtime tasks to take control of CPU then inject idle. There are two
issues with this approach:

 1. Low efficiency: injected idle task is treated as busy so sched ticks
    do not stop during injected idle period, the result of these
    unwanted wakeups can be ~20% loss in power savings.

 2. Idle accounting: injected idle time is presented to user as busy.

This patch addresses the issues by introducing a new PF_IDLE flag which
allows any given task to be treated as idle task while the flag is set.
Therefore, idle injection tasks can run through the normal flow of NOHZ
idle enter/exit to get the correct accounting as well as tick stop when
possible.

The implication is that idle task is then no longer limited to PID == 0.

Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Jacob Pan <jacob.jun.pan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Rafael J. Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>

include/linux/cpu.h

@@ -245,6 +245,8 @@ void arch_cpu_idle_dead(void);
 int cpu_report_state(int cpu);
 int cpu_check_up_prepare(int cpu);
 void cpu_set_state_online(int cpu);
+void play_idle(unsigned long duration_ms);
+
 #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
 bool cpu_wait_death(unsigned int cpu, int seconds);
 bool cpu_report_death(void);