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46
doc/README.AX25
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AX25 is Andes CPU IP to adopt RISC-V architecture.
Features
========
CPU Core
- 5-stage in-order execution pipeline
- Hardware Multiplier
- radix-2/radix-4/radix-16/radix-256/fast
- Hardware Divider
- Optional branch prediction
- Machine mode and optional user mode
- Optional performance monitoring
ISA
- RV64I base integer instructions
- RVC for 16-bit compressed instructions
- RVM for multiplication and division instructions
Memory subsystem
- I & D local memory
- Size: 4KB to 16MB
- Memory subsyetem soft-error protection
- Protection scheme: parity-checking or error-checking-and-correction (ECC)
- Automatic hardware error correction
Bus
- Interface Protocol
- Synchronous AHB (32-bit/64-bit data-width), or
- Synchronous AXI4 (64-bit data-width)
Power management
- Wait for interrupt (WFI) mode
Debug
- Configurable number of breakpoints: 2/4/8
- External Debug Module
- AHB slave port
- External JTAG debug transport module
Platform Level Interrupt Controller (PLIC)
- AHB slave port
- Configurable number of interrupts: 1-1023
- Configurable number of interrupt priorities: 3/7/15/63/127/255
- Configurable number of targets: 1-16
- Preempted interrupt priority stack

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doc/README.N1213
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N1213 is a configurable hard/soft core of NDS32's N12 CPU family.
Features
========
CPU Core
- 16-/32-bit mixable instruction format.
- 32 general-purpose 32-bit registers.
- 8-stage pipeline.
- Dynamic branch prediction.
- 32/64/128/256 BTB.
- Return address stack (RAS).
- Vector interrupts for internal/external.
interrupt controller with 6 hardware interrupt signals.
- 3 HW-level nested interruptions.
- User and super-user mode support.
- Memory-mapped I/O.
- Address space up to 4GB.
Memory Management Unit
- TLB
- 4/8-entry fully associative iTLB/dTLB.
- 32/64/128-entry 4-way set-associati.ve main TLB.
- TLB locking support
- Optional hardware page table walker.
- Two groups of page size support.
- 4KB & 1MB.
- 8KB & 1MB.
Memory Subsystem
- I & D cache.
- Virtually indexed and physically tagged.
- Cache size: 8KB/16KB/32KB/64KB.
- Cache line size: 16B/32B.
- Set associativity: 2-way, 4-way or direct-mapped.
- Cache locking support.
- I & D local memory (LM).
- Size: 4KB to 1MB.
- Bank numbers: 1 or 2.
- Optional 1D/2D DMA engine.
- Internal or external to CPU core.
Bus Interface
- Synchronous/Asynchronous AHB bus: 0, 1 or 2 ports.
- Synchronous High speed memory port.
(HSMP): 0, 1 or 2 ports.
Debug
- JTAG debug interface.
- Embedded debug module (EDM).
- Optional embedded program tracer interface.
Miscellaneous
- Programmable data endian control.
- Performance monitoring mechanism.

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doc/README.NDS32
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NDS32 is a new high-performance 32-bit RISC microprocessor core.
http://www.andestech.com/
AndeStar ISA
============
AndeStar is a patent-pending 16-bit/32-bit mixed-length instruction set to
achieve optimal system performance, code density, and power efficiency.
It contains the following features:
- Intermixable 32-bit and 16-bit instruction sets without the need for
mode switch.
- 16-bit instructions as a frequently used subset of 32-bit instructions.
- RISC-style register-based instruction set.
- 32 32-bit General Purpose Registers (GPR).
- Upto 1024 User Special Registers (USR) for existing and extension
instructions.
- Rich load/store instructions for...
- Single memory access with base address update.
- Multiple aligned and unaligned memory accesses for memory copy and stack
operations.
- Data prefetch to improve data cache performance.
- Non-bus locking synchronization instructions.
- PC relative jump and PC read instructions for efficient position independent
code.
- Multiply-add and multiple-sub with 64-bit accumulator.
- Instruction for efficient power management.
- Bi-endian support.
- Three instruction extension space for application acceleration:
- Performance extension.
- Andes future extensions (for floating-point, multimedia, etc.)
- Customer extensions.
AndesCore CPU
=============
Andes Technology has 4 families of CPU cores: N12, N10, N9, N8.
For details about N12 CPU family, please check doc/README.N1213.
The NDS32 ports of u-boot, the Linux kernel, the GNU toolchain and
other associated software are actively supported by Andes Technology Corporation.

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doc/README.ae350
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Andes Technology SoC AE350
===========================
AE350 is the mainline SoC produced by Andes Technology using AX25 CPU core
base on RISC-V architecture.
AE350 has integrated both AHB and APB bus and many periphals for application
and product development.
AX25-AE350
=========
AX25-AE350 is the SoC with AE350 hardcore CPU.
Configurations
==============
CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT:
If you want to boot this system from SPI ROM and bypass e-bios (the
other boot loader on ROM). You should undefine CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT
in "include/configs/ax25-ae350.h".
Build and boot steps
====================
build:
1. Prepare the toolchains and make sure the $PATH to toolchains is correct.
2. Use `make ae350_rv[32|64]_defconfig` in u-boot root to build the image for 32 or 64 bit.
Verification
====================
Target
====================
1. startup
2. relocation
3. timer driver
4. uart driver
5. mac driver
6. mmc driver
7. spi driver
Steps
====================
1. Define CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT to build u-boot which is loaded via gdb from ram.
2. Undefine CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT to build u-boot which is booted from spi rom.
3. Ping a server by mac driver
4. Scan sd card and copy u-boot image which is booted from flash to ram by sd driver.
5. Burn this u-boot image to spi rom by spi driver
6. Re-boot u-boot from spi flash with power off and power on.
Messages of U-Boot boot on AE350 board
======================================
U-Boot 2018.01-rc2-00033-g824f89a (Dec 21 2017 - 16:51:26 +0800)
DRAM: 1 GiB
MMC: mmc@f0e00000: 0
SF: Detected mx25u1635e with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 2 MiB
In: serial@f0300000
Out: serial@f0300000
Err: serial@f0300000
Net:
Warning: mac@e0100000 (eth0) using random MAC address - be:dd:d7:e4:e8:10
eth0: mac@e0100000
RISC-V # version
U-Boot 2018.01-rc2-00033-gb265b91-dirty (Dec 22 2017 - 13:54:21 +0800)
riscv32-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc (GCC) 7.2.0
GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.29
RISC-V # setenv ipaddr 10.0.4.200 ;
RISC-V # setenv serverip 10.0.4.97 ;
RISC-V # ping 10.0.4.97 ;
Using mac@e0100000 device
host 10.0.4.97 is alive
RISC-V # mmc rescan
RISC-V # fatls mmc 0:1
318907 u-boot-ae350-64.bin
1252 hello_world_ae350_32.bin
328787 u-boot-ae350-32.bin
3 file(s), 0 dir(s)
RISC-V # sf probe 0:0 50000000 0
SF: Detected mx25u1635e with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 2 MiB
RISC-V # sf test 0x100000 0x1000
SPI flash test:
0 erase: 36 ticks, 111 KiB/s 0.888 Mbps
1 check: 29 ticks, 137 KiB/s 1.096 Mbps
2 write: 40 ticks, 100 KiB/s 0.800 Mbps
3 read: 20 ticks, 200 KiB/s 1.600 Mbps
Test passed
0 erase: 36 ticks, 111 KiB/s 0.888 Mbps
1 check: 29 ticks, 137 KiB/s 1.096 Mbps
2 write: 40 ticks, 100 KiB/s 0.800 Mbps
3 read: 20 ticks, 200 KiB/s 1.600 Mbps
RISC-V # fatload mmc 0:1 0x600000 u-boot-ae350-32.bin
reading u-boot-ae350-32.bin
328787 bytes read in 324 ms (990.2 KiB/s)
RISC-V # sf erase 0x0 0x51000
SF: 331776 bytes @ 0x0 Erased: OK
RISC-V # sf write 0x600000 0x0 0x50453
device 0 offset 0x0, size 0x50453
SF: 328787 bytes @ 0x0 Written: OK
RISC-V # crc32 0x600000 0x50453
crc32 for 00600000 ... 00650452 ==> 692dc44a
RISC-V # crc32 0x80000000 0x50453
crc32 for 80000000 ... 80050452 ==> 692dc44a
RISC-V #
*** power-off and power-on, this U-Boot is booted from spi flash ***
U-Boot 2018.01-rc2-00032-gf67dd47-dirty (Dec 21 2017 - 13:56:03 +0800)
DRAM: 1 GiB
MMC: mmc@f0e00000: 0
SF: Detected mx25u1635e with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 2 MiB
In: serial@f0300000
Out: serial@f0300000
Err: serial@f0300000
Net:
Warning: mac@e0100000 (eth0) using random MAC address - ee:4c:58:29:32:f5
eth0: mac@e0100000
RISC-V #
Boot bbl and riscv-linux via U-Boot on QEMU
===========================================
1. Build riscv-linux
2. Build bbl and riscv-linux with --with-payload
3. Prepare ae350.dtb
4. Creating OS-kernel images
./mkimage -A riscv -O linux -T kernel -C none -a 0x0000 -e 0x0000 -d bbl.bin bootmImage-bbl.bin
Image Name:
Created: Tue Mar 13 10:06:42 2018
Image Type: RISC-V Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
Data Size: 17901204 Bytes = 17481.64 KiB = 17.07 MiB
Load Address: 00000000
Entry Point: 00000000
4. Copy bootmImage-bbl.bin and ae350.dtb to qemu sd card image
5. Message of booting riscv-linux from bbl via u-boot on qemu
U-Boot 2018.03-rc4-00031-g2631273 (Mar 13 2018 - 15:02:55 +0800)
DRAM: 1 GiB
main-loop: WARNING: I/O thread spun for 1000 iterations
MMC: mmc@f0e00000: 0
Loading Environment from SPI Flash... *** Warning - spi_flash_probe_bus_cs() failed, using default environment
Failed (-22)
In: serial@f0300000
Out: serial@f0300000
Err: serial@f0300000
Net:
Warning: mac@e0100000 (eth0) using random MAC address - 02:00:00:00:00:00
eth0: mac@e0100000
RISC-V # mmc rescan
RISC-V # mmc part
Partition Map for MMC device 0 -- Partition Type: DOS
Part Start Sector Num Sectors UUID Type
RISC-V # fatls mmc 0:0
17901268 bootmImage-bbl.bin
1954 ae2xx.dtb
2 file(s), 0 dir(s)
RISC-V # fatload mmc 0:0 0x00600000 bootmImage-bbl.bin
17901268 bytes read in 4642 ms (3.7 MiB/s)
RISC-V # fatload mmc 0:0 0x2000000 ae350.dtb
1954 bytes read in 1 ms (1.9 MiB/s)
RISC-V # setenv bootm_size 0x2000000
RISC-V # setenv fdt_high 0x1f00000
RISC-V # bootm 0x00600000 - 0x2000000
## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 00600000 ...
Image Name:
Image Type: RISC-V Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
Data Size: 17901204 Bytes = 17.1 MiB
Load Address: 00000000
Entry Point: 00000000
Verifying Checksum ... OK
## Flattened Device Tree blob at 02000000
Booting using the fdt blob at 0x2000000
Loading Kernel Image ... OK
Loading Device Tree to 0000000001efc000, end 0000000001eff7a1 ... OK
[ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Ignoring memory range 0x0 - 0x200000
[ 0.000000] Linux version 4.14.0-00046-gf3e439f-dirty (rick@atcsqa06) (gcc version 7.1.1 20170509 (GCC)) #1 Tue Jan 9 16:34:25 CST 2018
[ 0.000000] bootconsole [early0] enabled
[ 0.000000] Initial ramdisk at: 0xffffffe000016a98 (12267008 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Zone ranges:
[ 0.000000] DMA [mem 0x0000000000200000-0x000000007fffffff]
[ 0.000000] Normal empty
[ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000000200000-0x000000007fffffff]
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000000200000-0x000000007fffffff]
[ 0.000000] elf_hwcap is 0x112d
[ 0.000000] random: fast init done
[ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 516615
[ 0.000000] Kernel command line: console=ttyS0,38400n8 earlyprintk=uart8250-32bit,0xf0300000 debug loglevel=7
[ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 262144 (order: 9, 2097152 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Sorting __ex_table...
[ 0.000000] Memory: 2047832K/2095104K available (1856K kernel code, 204K rwdata, 532K rodata, 12076K init, 756K bss, 47272K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
[ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
[ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: 0, nr_irqs: 0, preallocated irqs: 0
[ 0.000000] riscv,cpu_intc,0: 64 local interrupts mapped
[ 0.000000] riscv,plic0,e4000000: mapped 31 interrupts to 1/2 handlers
[ 0.000000] clocksource: riscv_clocksource: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x24e6a1710, max_idle_ns: 440795202120 ns
[ 0.000000] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 20.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=40000)
[ 0.000000] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[ 0.004000] Mount-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[ 0.004000] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[ 0.056000] devtmpfs: initialized
[ 0.060000] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 7645041785100000 ns
[ 0.064000] futex hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 6144 bytes)
[ 0.068000] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[ 0.080000] vgaarb: loaded
[ 0.084000] clocksource: Switched to clocksource riscv_clocksource
[ 0.088000] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[ 0.092000] TCP established hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 0.096000] TCP bind hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 0.096000] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 16384 bind 16384)
[ 0.100000] UDP hash table entries: 1024 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[ 0.100000] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 1024 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[ 0.104000] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[ 0.616000] Unpacking initramfs...
[ 1.220000] workingset: timestamp_bits=62 max_order=19 bucket_order=0
[ 1.244000] io scheduler noop registered
[ 1.244000] io scheduler cfq registered (default)
[ 1.244000] io scheduler mq-deadline registered
[ 1.248000] io scheduler kyber registered
[ 1.360000] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing disabled
[ 1.368000] console [ttyS0] disabled
[ 1.372000] f0300000.serial: ttyS0 at MMIO 0xf0300020 (irq = 10, base_baud = 1228800) is a 16550A
[ 1.392000] console [ttyS0] enabled
[ 1.392000] ftmac100: Loading version 0.2 ...
[ 1.396000] ftmac100 e0100000.mac eth0: irq 8, mapped at ffffffd002005000
[ 1.400000] ftmac100 e0100000.mac eth0: generated random MAC address 6e:ac:c3:92:36:c0
[ 1.404000] IR NEC protocol handler initialized
[ 1.404000] IR RC5(x/sz) protocol handler initialized
[ 1.404000] IR RC6 protocol handler initialized
[ 1.404000] IR JVC protocol handler initialized
[ 1.408000] IR Sony protocol handler initialized
[ 1.408000] IR SANYO protocol handler initialized
[ 1.408000] IR Sharp protocol handler initialized
[ 1.408000] IR MCE Keyboard/mouse protocol handler initialized
[ 1.412000] IR XMP protocol handler initialized
[ 1.456000] ftsdc010 f0e00000.mmc: mmc0 - using hw SDIO IRQ
[ 1.464000] bootconsole [early0] uses init memory and must be disabled even before the real one is ready
[ 1.464000] bootconsole [early0] disabled
[ 1.508000] Freeing unused kernel memory: 12076K
[ 1.512000] This architecture does not have kernel memory protection.
[ 1.520000] mmc0: new SD card at address 4567
[ 1.524000] mmcblk0: mmc0:4567 QEMU! 20.0 MiB
[ 1.844000] mmcblk0:
Wed Dec 1 10:00:00 CST 2010
/ #
TODO
==================================================
Boot bbl and riscv-linux via U-Boot on AE350 board

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doc/README.at91
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Atmel AT91 Evaluation kits
Index
- I. Board mapping & boot media
- II. NAND partition table
- III. watchdog support
I. Board mapping & boot media
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AT91SAM9260EK, AT91SAM9G20EK & AT91SAM9XEEK
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memory map
0x20000000 - 23FFFFFF SDRAM (64 MB)
0xC0000000 - Cxxxxxxx Atmel Dataflash card (J13)
0xD0000000 - D07FFFFF Soldered Atmel Dataflash (AT45DB642)
Environment variables
U-Boot environment variables can be stored at different places:
- Dataflash on SPI chip select 1 (default)
- Dataflash on SPI chip select 0 (dataflash card)
- Nand flash.
You can choose your storage location at config step (here for at91sam9260ek) :
make at91sam9260ek_nandflash_config - use nand flash
make at91sam9260ek_dataflash_cs0_config - use data flash (spi cs0)
make at91sam9260ek_dataflash_cs1_config - use data flash (spi cs1)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AT91SAM9261EK, AT91SAM9G10EK
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memory map
0x20000000 - 23FFFFFF SDRAM (64 MB)
0xC0000000 - C07FFFFF Soldered Atmel Dataflash (AT45DB642)
0xD0000000 - Dxxxxxxx Atmel Dataflash card (J22)
Environment variables
U-Boot environment variables can be stored at different places:
- Dataflash on SPI chip select 0 (default)
- Dataflash on SPI chip select 3 (dataflash card)
- Nand flash.
You can choose your storage location at config step (here for at91sam9260ek) :
make at91sam9261ek_nandflash_config - use nand flash
make at91sam9261ek_dataflash_cs0_config - use data flash (spi cs0)
make at91sam9261ek_dataflash_cs3_config - use data flash (spi cs3)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AT91SAM9263EK
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memory map
0x20000000 - 23FFFFFF SDRAM (64 MB)
0xC0000000 - Cxxxxxxx Atmel Dataflash card (J9)
Environment variables
U-Boot environment variables can be stored at different places:
- Dataflash on SPI chip select 0 (dataflash card)
- Nand flash.
- Nor flash (not populate by default)
You can choose your storage location at config step (here for at91sam9260ek) :
make at91sam9263ek_nandflash_config - use nand flash
make at91sam9263ek_dataflash_cs0_config - use data flash (spi cs0)
make at91sam9263ek_norflash_config - use nor flash
You can choose to boot directly from U-Boot at config step
make at91sam9263ek_norflash_boot_config - boot from nor flash
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AT91SAM9M10G45EK
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memory map
0x70000000 - 77FFFFFF SDRAM (128 MB)
Environment variables
U-Boot environment variables can be stored at different places:
- Nand flash.
You can choose your storage location at config step (here for at91sam9m10g45ek) :
make at91sam9m10g45ek_nandflash_config - use nand flash
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AT91SAM9RLEK
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memory map
0x20000000 - 23FFFFFF SDRAM (64 MB)
0xC0000000 - C07FFFFF Soldered Atmel Dataflash (AT45DB642)
Environment variables
U-Boot environment variables can be stored at different places:
- Dataflash on SPI chip select 0
- Nand flash.
You can choose your storage location at config step (here for at91sam9rlek) :
make at91sam9rlek_nandflash_config - use nand flash
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
AT91SAM9N12EK, AT91SAM9X5EK
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memory map
0x20000000 - 27FFFFFF SDRAM (128 MB)
Environment variables
U-Boot environment variables can be stored at different places:
- Nand flash.
- SD/MMC card
- Serialflash/Dataflash on SPI chip select 0
You can choose your storage location at config step (here for at91sam9x5ek) :
make at91sam9x5ek_dataflash_config - use data flash
make at91sam9x5ek_mmc_config - use sd/mmc card
make at91sam9x5ek_nandflash_config - use nand flash
make at91sam9x5ek_spiflash_config - use serial flash
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SAMA5D3XEK
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Memory map
0x20000000 - 3FFFFFFF SDRAM (512 MB)
Environment variables
U-Boot environment variables can be stored at different places:
- Nand flash.
- SD/MMC card
- Serialflash on SPI chip select 0
You can choose your storage location at config step (here for sama5d3xek) :
make sama5d3xek_mmc_config - use SD/MMC card
make sama5d3xek_nandflash_config - use nand flash
make sama5d3xek_serialflash_config - use serial flash
II. NAND partition table
All the board support boot from NAND flash will use the following NAND
partition table
0x00000000 - 0x0003FFFF bootstrap (256 KiB)
0x00040000 - 0x000BFFFF u-boot (512 KiB)
0x000C0000 - 0x000FFFFF env (256 KiB)
0x00100000 - 0x0013FFFF env_redundant (256 KiB)
0x00140000 - 0x0017FFFF spare (256 KiB)
0x00180000 - 0x001FFFFF dtb (512 KiB)
0x00200000 - 0x007FFFFF kernel (6 MiB)
0x00800000 - 0xxxxxxxxx rootfs (All left)
III. Watchdog support
For security reasons, the at91 watchdog is running at boot time and,
if deactivated, cannot be used anymore.
If you want to use the watchdog, you will need to keep it running in
your code (make sure not to disable it in AT91Bootstrap for instance).
In the U-Boot configuration, the AT91 watchdog support is enabled using
the CONFIG_WDT and CONFIG_WDT_AT91 options.

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doc/README.b4860qds
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Overview
--------
The B4860QDS is a Freescale reference board that hosts the B4860 SoC (and variants).
B4860 Overview
-------------
The B4860 QorIQ Qonverge device is a Freescale high-end, multicore SoC based on
StarCore and Power Architecture® cores. It targets the broadband wireless
infrastructure and builds upon the proven success of the existing multicore
DSPs and Power CPUs. It is designed to bolster the rapidly changing and
expanding wireless markets, such as 3GLTE (FDD and TDD), LTE-Advanced, and UMTS.
The B4860 is a highly-integrated StarCore and Power Architecture processor that
contains:
. Six fully-programmable StarCore SC3900 FVP subsystems, divided into three
clusters-each core runs up to 1.2 GHz, with an architecture highly optimized for
wireless base station applications
. Four dual-thread e6500 Power Architecture processors organized in one cluster-each
core runs up to 1.8 GHz
. Two DDR3/3L controllers for high-speed, industry-standard memory interface each
runs at up to 1866.67 MHz
. MAPLE-B3 hardware acceleration-for forward error correction schemes including
Turbo or Viterbi decoding, Turbo encoding and rate matching, MIMO MMSE
equalization scheme, matrix operations, CRC insertion and check, DFT/iDFT and
FFT/iFFT calculations, PUSCH/PDSCH acceleration, and UMTS chip rate
acceleration
. CoreNet fabric that fully supports coherency using MESI protocol between the
e6500 cores, SC3900 FVP cores, memories and external interfaces.
CoreNet fabric interconnect runs at 667 MHz and supports coherent and
non-coherent out of order transactions with prioritization and bandwidth
allocation amongst CoreNet endpoints.
. Data Path Acceleration Architecture, which includes the following:
. Frame Manager (FMan), which supports in-line packet parsing and general
classification to enable policing and QoS-based packet distribution
. Queue Manager (QMan) and Buffer Manager (BMan), which allow offloading
of queue management, task management, load distribution, flow ordering, buffer
management, and allocation tasks from the cores
. Security engine (SEC 5.3)-crypto-acceleration for protocols such as IPsec,
SSL, and 802.16
. RapidIO manager (RMAN) - Support SRIO types 8, 9, 10, and 11 (inbound and
outbound). Supports types 5, 6 (outbound only)
. Large internal cache memory with snooping and stashing capabilities for
bandwidth saving and high utilization of processor elements. The 9856-Kbyte
internal memory space includes the following:
. 32 Kbyte L1 ICache per e6500/SC3900 core
. 32 Kbyte L1 DCache per e6500/SC3900 core
. 2048 Kbyte unified L2 cache for each SC3900 FVP cluster
. 2048 Kbyte unified L2 cache for the e6500 cluster
. Two 512 Kbyte shared L3 CoreNet platform caches (CPC)
. Sixteen 10-GHz SerDes lanes serving:
. Two Serial RapidIO interfaces.
- Each supports up to 4 lanes and a total of up to 8 lanes
. Up to 8-lanes Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) controller for glue-less
antenna connection
. Two 10-Gbit Ethernet controllers (10GEC)
. Six 1G/2.5-Gbit Ethernet controllers for network communications
. PCI Express controller
. Debug (Aurora)
. Two OCeaN DMAs
. Various system peripherals
. 182 32-bit timers
B4860QDS Overview
------------------
- DDRC1: Ten separate DDR3 parts of 16-bit to support 72-bit (ECC) at 1866MT/s, ECC, 4 GB
of memory in two ranks of 2 GB.
- DDRC2: Five separate DDR3 parts of 16-bit to support 72-bit (ECC) at 1866MT/s, ECC, 2 GB
of memory. Single rank.
- SerDes 1 multiplexing: Two Vitesse (transmit and receive path) cross-point 16x16 switch
VSC3316
- SerDes 2 multiplexing: Two Vitesse (transmit and receive path) cross-point 8x8 switch VSC3308
- USB 2.0 ULPI PHY USB3315 by SMSC supports USB port in host mode.
B4860 UART port is available over USB-to-UART translator USB2SER or over RS232 flat cable.
- A Vitesse dual SGMII phy VSC8662 links the B4860 SGMII lines to 2xRJ-45 copper connectors
for Stand-alone mode and to the 1000Base-X over AMC MicroTCA connector ports 0 and 2 for
AMC mode.
- The B4860 configuration may be loaded from nine bits coded reset configuration reset source. The
RCW source is set by appropriate DIP-switches:
- 16-bit NOR Flash / PROMJet
- QIXIS 8-bit NOR Flash Emulator
- 8-bit NAND Flash
- 24-bit SPI Flash
- Long address I2C EEPROM
- Available debug interfaces are:
- On-board eCWTAP controller with ETH and USB I/F
- JTAG/COP 16-pin header for any external TAP controller
- External JTAG source over AMC to support B2B configuration
- 70-pin Aurora debug connector
- QIXIS (FPGA) logic:
- 2 KB internal memory space including
- IDT840NT4 clock synthesizer provides B4860 essential clocks : SYSCLK, DDRCLK1,2 and
RTCCLK.
- Two 8T49N222A SerDes ref clock devices support two SerDes port clock frequency - total four
refclk, including CPRI clock scheme.
B4420 Personality
--------------------
B4420 Personality
--------------------
B4420 is a reduced personality of B4860 with less core/clusters(both SC3900 and e6500), less DDR
controllers, less serdes lanes, less SGMII interfaces and reduced target frequencies.
Key differences between B4860 and B4420
----------------------------------------
B4420 has:
1. Less e6500 cores: 1 cluster with 2 e6500 cores
2. Less SC3900 cores/clusters: 1 cluster with 2 SC3900 cores per cluster.
3. Single DDRC
4. 2X 4 lane serdes
5. 3 SGMII interfaces
6. no sRIO
7. no 10G
B4860QDS Default Settings
-------------------------
Switch Settings
----------------
SW1 OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0]
SW2 ON ON ON ON ON ON OFF OFF
SW3 OFF OFF OFF ON OFF OFF ON OFF
SW5 OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF ON ON
Note: PCIe slots modes: All the PCIe devices work as Root Complex.
Note: Boot location: NOR flash.
SysClk/Core(e6500)/CCB/DDR/FMan/DDRCLK/StarCore/CPRI-Maple/eTVPE-Maple/ULB-Maple
66MHz/1.6GHz/667MHz/1.6GHz data rate/667MHz/133MHz/1200MHz/500MHz/800MHz/667MHz
a) NAND boot
SW1 [1.1] = 0
SW2 [1.1] = 1
SW3 [1:4] = 0001
b) NOR boot
SW1 [1.1] = 1
SW2 [1.1] = 0
SW3 [1:4] = 1000.
B4420QDS Default Settings
-------------------------
Switch Settings
----------------
SW1 OFF[0] OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0]
SW2 ON OFF ON OFF ON ON OFF OFF
SW3 OFF OFF OFF ON OFF OFF ON OFF
SW5 OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF ON ON
Note: PCIe slots modes: All the PCIe devices work as Root Complex.
Note: Boot location: NOR flash.
SysClk/Core(e6500)/CCB/DDR/FMan/DDRCLK/StarCore/CPRI-Maple/eTVPE-Maple/ULB-Maple
66MHz/1.6GHz/667MHz/1.6GHz data rate/667MHz/133MHz/1200MHz/500MHz/800MHz/667MHz
a) NAND boot
SW1 [1.1] = 0
SW2 [1.1] = 1
SW3 [1:4] = 0001
b) NOR boot
SW1 [1.1] = 1
SW2 [1.1] = 0
SW3 [1:4] = 1000.
Memory map on B4860QDS
----------------------
The addresses in brackets are physical addresses.
Start Address End Address Description Size
0xF_FFDF_1000 0xF_FFFF_FFFF Free 2 MB
0xF_FFDF_0000 0xF_FFDF_0FFF IFC - FPGA 4 KB
0xF_FF81_0000 0xF_FFDE_FFFF Free 5 MB
0xF_FF80_0000 0xF_FF80_FFFF IFC NAND Flash 64 KB
0xF_FF00_0000 0xF_FF7F_FFFF Free 8 MB
0xF_FE00_0000 0xF_FEFF_FFFF CCSRBAR 16 MB
0xF_F801_0000 0xF_FDFF_FFFF Free 95 MB
0xF_F800_0000 0xF_F800_FFFF PCIe I/O Space 64 KB
0xF_F600_0000 0xF_F7FF_FFFF QMAN s/w portal 32 MB
0xF_F400_0000 0xF_F5FF_FFFF BMAN s/w portal 32 MB
0xF_F000_0000 0xF_F3FF_FFFF Free 64 MB
0xF_E800_0000 0xF_EFFF_FFFF IFC NOR Flash 128 MB
0xF_E000_0000 0xF_E7FF_FFFF Promjet 128 MB
0xF_A0C0_0000 0xF_DFFF_FFFF Free 1012 MB
0xF_A000_0000 0xF_A0BF_FFFF MAPLE0/1/2 12 MB
0xF_0040_0000 0xF_9FFF_FFFF Free 12 GB
0xF_0000_0000 0xF_01FF_FFFF DCSR 32 MB
0xC_4000_0000 0xE_FFFF_FFFF Free 11 GB
0xC_3000_0000 0xC_3FFF_FFFF sRIO-2 I/O 256 MB
0xC_2000_0000 0xC_2FFF_FFFF sRIO-1 I/O 256 MB
0xC_0000_0000 0xC_1FFF_FFFF PCIe Mem Space 512 MB
0x1_0000_0000 0xB_FFFF_FFFF Free 44 GB
0x0_8000_0000 0x0_FFFF_FFFF DDRC1 2 GB
0x0_0000_0000 0x0_7FFF_FFFF DDRC2 2 GB
Memory map on B4420QDS
----------------------
The addresses in brackets are physical addresses.
Start Address End Address Description Size
0xF_FFDF_1000 0xF_FFFF_FFFF Free 2 MB
0xF_FFDF_0000 0xF_FFDF_0FFF IFC - FPGA 4 KB
0xF_FF81_0000 0xF_FFDE_FFFF Free 5 MB
0xF_FF80_0000 0xF_FF80_FFFF IFC NAND Flash 64 KB
0xF_FF00_0000 0xF_FF7F_FFFF Free 8 MB
0xF_FE00_0000 0xF_FEFF_FFFF CCSRBAR 16 MB
0xF_F801_0000 0xF_FDFF_FFFF Free 95 MB
0xF_F800_0000 0xF_F800_FFFF PCIe I/O Space 64 KB
0xF_F600_0000 0xF_F7FF_FFFF QMAN s/w portal 32 MB
0xF_F400_0000 0xF_F5FF_FFFF BMAN s/w portal 32 MB
0xF_F000_0000 0xF_F3FF_FFFF Free 64 MB
0xF_E800_0000 0xF_EFFF_FFFF IFC NOR Flash 128 MB
0xF_E000_0000 0xF_E7FF_FFFF Promjet 128 MB
0xF_A0C0_0000 0xF_DFFF_FFFF Free 1012 MB
0xF_A000_0000 0xF_A0BF_FFFF MAPLE0/1/2 12 MB
0xF_0040_0000 0xF_9FFF_FFFF Free 12 GB
0xF_0000_0000 0xF_01FF_FFFF DCSR 32 MB
0xC_4000_0000 0xE_FFFF_FFFF Free 11 GB
0xC_3000_0000 0xC_3FFF_FFFF sRIO-2 I/O 256 MB
0xC_2000_0000 0xC_2FFF_FFFF sRIO-1 I/O 256 MB
0xC_0000_0000 0xC_1FFF_FFFF PCIe Mem Space 512 MB
0x1_0000_0000 0xB_FFFF_FFFF Free 44 GB
0x0_0000_0000 0x0_FFFF_FFFF DDRC1 4 GB
NOR Flash memory Map on B4860 and B4420QDS
------------------------------------------
Start End Definition Size
0xEFF40000 0xEFFFFFFF U-Boot (current bank) 768KB
0xEFF20000 0xEFF3FFFF U-Boot env (current bank) 128KB
0xEFF00000 0xEFF1FFFF FMAN Ucode (current bank) 128KB
0xEF300000 0xEFEFFFFF rootfs (alternate bank) 12MB
0xEE800000 0xEE8FFFFF device tree (alternate bank) 1MB
0xEE020000 0xEE6FFFFF Linux.uImage (alternate bank) 6MB+896KB
0xEE000000 0xEE01FFFF RCW (alternate bank) 128KB
0xEDF40000 0xEDFFFFFF U-Boot (alternate bank) 768KB
0xEDF20000 0xEDF3FFFF U-Boot env (alternate bank) 128KB
0xEDF00000 0xEDF1FFFF FMAN ucode (alternate bank) 128KB
0xED300000 0xEDEFFFFF rootfs (current bank) 12MB
0xEC800000 0xEC8FFFFF device tree (current bank) 1MB
0xEC020000 0xEC6FFFFF Linux.uImage (current bank) 6MB+896KB
0xEC000000 0xEC01FFFF RCW (current bank) 128KB
Various Software configurations/environment variables/commands
--------------------------------------------------------------
The below commands apply to both B4860QDS and B4420QDS.
1. U-Boot environment variable hwconfig
The default hwconfig is:
hwconfig=fsl_ddr:ctlr_intlv=null,bank_intlv=cs0_cs1;usb1:
dr_mode=host,phy_type=ulpi
Note: For USB gadget set "dr_mode=peripheral"
2. FMAN Ucode versions
fsl_fman_ucode_B4860_106_3_6.bin
3. Switching to alternate bank
Commands for switching to alternate bank.
1. To change from vbank0 to vbank2
=> qixis_reset altbank (it will boot using vbank2)
2.To change from vbank2 to vbank0
=> qixis reset (it will boot using vbank0)
4. To change personality of board
For changing personality from B4860 to B4420
1)Boot from vbank0
2)Flash vbank2 with b4420 rcw and U-Boot
3)Give following commands to uboot prompt
=> mw.b ffdf0040 0x30;
=> mw.b ffdf0010 0x00;
=> mw.b ffdf0062 0x02;
=> mw.b ffdf0050 0x02;
=> mw.b ffdf0010 0x30;
=> reset
Note: Power off cycle will lead to default switch settings.
Note: 0xffdf0000 is the address of the QIXIS FPGA.
5. Switching between NOR and NAND boot(RCW src changed from NOR <-> NAND)
To change from NOR to NAND boot give following command on uboot prompt
=> mw.b ffdf0040 0x30
=> mw.b ffdf0010 0x00
=> mw.b 0xffdf0050 0x08
=> mw.b 0xffdf0060 0x82
=> mw.b ffdf0061 0x00
=> mw.b ffdf0010 0x30
=> reset
To change from NAND to NOR boot give following command on uboot prompt:
=> mw.b ffdf0040 0x30
=> mw.b ffdf0010 0x00
=> mw.b 0xffdf0050 0x00(for vbank0) or (mw.b 0xffdf0050 0x02 for vbank2)
=> mw.b 0xffdf0060 0x12
=> mw.b ffdf0061 0x01
=> mw.b ffdf0010 0x30
=> reset
Note: Power off cycle will lead to default switch settings.
Note: 0xffdf0000 is the address of the QIXIS FPGA.
6. Ethernet interfaces for B4860QDS
Serdes protocosl tested:
0x2a, 0x8d (serdes1, serdes2) [DEFAULT]
0x2a, 0xb2 (serdes1, serdes2)
When using [DEFAULT] RCW, which including 2 * 1G SGMII on board and 2 * 1G
SGMII on SGMII riser card.
Under U-Boot these network interfaces are recognized as:
FM1@DTSEC3, FM1@DTSEC4, FM1@DTSEC5 and FM1@DTSEC6.
On Linux the interfaces are renamed as:
. eth2 -> fm1-gb2
. eth3 -> fm1-gb3
. eth4 -> fm1-gb4
. eth5 -> fm1-gb5
7. RCW and Ethernet interfaces for B4420QDS
Serdes protocosl tested:
0x18, 0x9e (serdes1, serdes2)
Under U-Boot these network interfaces are recognized as:
FM1@DTSEC3, FM1@DTSEC4 and e1000#0.
On Linux the interfaces are renamed as:
. eth2 -> fm1-gb2
. eth3 -> fm1-gb3
NAND boot with 2 Stage boot loader
----------------------------------
PBL initialise the internal SRAM and copy SPL(160KB) in SRAM.
SPL further initialise DDR using SPD and environment variables and copy
U-Boot(768 KB) from flash to DDR.
Finally SPL transer control to U-Boot for futher booting.
SPL has following features:
- Executes within 256K
- No relocation required
Run time view of SPL framework during boot :-
-----------------------------------------------
Area | Address |
-----------------------------------------------
Secure boot | 0xFFFC0000 (32KB) |
headers | |
-----------------------------------------------
GD, BD | 0xFFFC8000 (4KB) |
-----------------------------------------------
ENV | 0xFFFC9000 (8KB) |
-----------------------------------------------
HEAP | 0xFFFCB000 (30KB) |
-----------------------------------------------
STACK | 0xFFFD8000 (22KB) |
-----------------------------------------------
U-Boot SPL | 0xFFFD8000 (160KB) |
-----------------------------------------------
NAND Flash memory Map on B4860 and B4420QDS
------------------------------------------
Start End Definition Size
0x000000 0x0FFFFF U-Boot 1MB
0x140000 0x15FFFF U-Boot env 128KB
0x1A0000 0x1BFFFF FMAN Ucode 128KB

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Notes for the Blackfin architecture port of Das U-Boot
=========
! ABOUT !
=========
<marketing blurb>
Blackfin Processors embody a new breed of 16/32-bit embedded processor, ideally
suited for products where a convergence of capabilities are necessary -
multi-format audio, video, voice and image processing; multi-mode baseband and
packet processing; control processing; and real-time security. The Blackfin's
unique combination of software flexibility and scalability has gained it
widespread adoption in convergent applications.
</marketing blurb>
The Blackfin processor is wholly developed by Analog Devices Inc.
===========
! SUPPORT !
===========
All open source code for the Blackfin processors are being handled via our
collaborative website:
http://blackfin.uclinux.org/
In particular, bug reports, feature requests, help etc... for Das U-Boot are
handled in the Das U-Boot sub project:
http://blackfin.uclinux.org/gf/project/u-boot
This website is backed both by an open source community as well as a dedicated
team from Analog Devices Inc.
=============
! TOOLCHAIN !
=============
To compile the Blackfin aspects, you'll need the GNU toolchain configured for
the Blackfin processor. You can obtain such a cross-compiler here:
http://blackfin.uclinux.org/gf/project/toolchain
=================
! DOCUMENTATION !
=================
For Blackfin specific documentation, you can visit our dedicated doc wiki:
http://docs.blackfin.uclinux.org/doku.php?id=bootloaders:u-boot

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U-Boot for Motorola (or Freescale/NXP) ColdFire processors
===============================================================================
History
November 02, 2017 Angelo Dureghello <angelo@sysam.it>
August 08, 2005 Jens Scharsig <esw@bus-elektronik.de>
MCF5282 implementation without preloader
January 12, 2004 <josef.baumgartner@telex.de>
===============================================================================
This file contains status information for the port of U-Boot to the
Motorola ColdFire series of CPUs.
1. Overview
The ColdFire instruction set is "assembly source" compatible but an evolution
of the original 68000 instruction set. Some not much used instructions has
been removed. The instructions are only 16, 32, or 48 bits long, a
simplification compared to the 68000 series.
Bernhard Kuhn ported U-Boot 0.4.0 to the Motorola ColdFire architecture.
The patches of Bernhard support the MCF5272 and MCF5282. A great disadvantage
of these patches was that they needed a pre-bootloader to start U-Boot.
Because of this, a new port was created which no longer needs a first stage
booter.
Thanks mainly to Freescale but also to several other contributors, U-Boot now
supports nearly the entire range of ColdFire processors and their related
development boards.
2. Supported CPU families
Please "make menuconfig" with ARCH=m68k, or check arch/m68k/cpu to see the
currently supported processor and families.
3. Supported boards
U-Boot supports actually more than 40 ColdFire based boards.
Board configuration can be done trough include/configs/<boardname>.h but the
current recommended method is to use the new and more friendly approach as
the "make menuconfig" way, very similar to the Linux way.
To know details as memory map, build targets, default setup, etc, of a
specific board please check:
include/configs/<boardname>.h
and/or
configs/<boardname>_defconfig
It is possible to build all ColdFire boards in a single command-line command,
from u-boot root directory, as:
./tools/buildman/buildman m68k
3.1. Build U-Boot for a specific board
A bash script similar to the one below may be used:
#!/bin/bash
export CROSS_COMPILE=/opt/toolchains/m68k/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/bin/m68k-linux-
board=M5475DFE
make distclean
make ARCH=m68k ${board}_defconfig
make ARCH=m68k KBUILD_VERBOSE=1
4. Adopted toolchains
Please check:
https://www.denx.de/wiki/U-Boot/ColdFireNotes
5. ColdFire specific configuration options/settings
5.1. Configuration to use a pre-loader
If U-Boot should be loaded to RAM and started by a pre-loader
CONFIG_MONITOR_IS_IN_RAM must be defined. If it is defined the
initial vector table and basic processor initialization will not
be compiled in. The start address of U-Boot must be adjusted in
the boards config header file (CONFIG_SYS_MONITOR_BASE) and Makefile
(CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE) to the load address.
5.2 ColdFire CPU specific options/settings
To specify a CPU model, some defines shoudl be used, i.e.:
CONFIG_MCF52x2 -- defined for all MCF52x2 CPUs
CONFIG_M5272 -- defined for all Motorola MCF5272 CPUs
Other options, generally set inside include/configs/<boardname>.h, they may
apply to one or more cpu for the ColdFire family:
CONFIG_SYS_MBAR -- defines the base address of the MCF5272 configuration
registers
CONFIG_SYS_ENET_BD_BASE
-- defines the base address of the FEC buffer descriptors
CONFIG_SYS_SCR -- defines the contents of the System Configuration Register
CONFIG_SYS_SPR -- defines the contents of the System Protection Register
CONFIG_SYS_MFD -- defines the PLL Multiplication Factor Divider
(see table 9-4 of MCF user manual)
CONFIG_SYS_RFD -- defines the PLL Reduce Frequency Devider
(see table 9-4 of MCF user manual)
CONFIG_SYS_CSx_BASE
-- defines the base address of chip select x
CONFIG_SYS_CSx_SIZE
-- defines the memory size (address range) of chip select x
CONFIG_SYS_CSx_WIDTH
-- defines the bus with of chip select x
CONFIG_SYS_CSx_MASK
-- defines the mask for the related chip select x
CONFIG_SYS_CSx_RO
-- if set to 0 chip select x is read/write else chip select
is read only
CONFIG_SYS_CSx_WS
-- defines the number of wait states of chip select x
CONFIG_SYS_CACHE_ICACR
CONFIG_SYS_CACHE_DCACR
CONFIG_SYS_CACHE_ACRX
-- cache-related registers config
CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_BASE
CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_SIZE
CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_BASEX
CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_CFG1
CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_CFG2
CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_CTRL
CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_MODE
CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_EMOD
-- SDRAM config for SDRAM controller-specific registers, please
see arch/m68k/cpu/<specific_cpu>/start.S files to see how
these options are used.
CONFIG_MCFUART
-- defines enabling of ColdFire UART driver
CONFIG_SYS_UART_PORT
-- defines the UART port to be used (only a single UART can be
actually enabled)
CONFIG_SYS_SBFHDR_SIZE
-- size of the prepended SBF header, if any

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By Vlad Lungu vlad.lungu@windriver.com 2007-Oct-01
----------------------------------------
Qemu is a full system emulator. See
http://www.nongnu.org/qemu/
Limitations & comments
----------------------
Supports the "-M mips" configuration of qemu: serial,NE2000,IDE.
Supports little and big endian as well as 32 bit and 64 bit.
Derived from au1x00 with a lot of things cut out.
Supports emulated flash (patch Jean-Christophe PLAGNIOL-VILLARD) with
recent qemu versions. When using emulated flash, launch with
-pflash <filename> and erase mips_bios.bin.
Notes for the Qemu MIPS port
----------------------------
I) Example usage:
Using u-boot.bin as ROM (replaces Qemu monitor):
32 bit, big endian:
# make qemu_mips
# qemu-system-mips -M mips -bios u-boot.bin -nographic
32 bit, little endian:
# make qemu_mipsel
# qemu-system-mipsel -M mips -bios u-boot.bin -nographic
64 bit, big endian:
# make qemu_mips64
# qemu-system-mips64 -cpu MIPS64R2-generic -M mips -bios u-boot.bin -nographic
64 bit, little endian:
# make qemu_mips64el
# qemu-system-mips64el -cpu MIPS64R2-generic -M mips -bios u-boot.bin -nographic
or using u-boot.bin from emulated flash:
if you use a qemu version after commit 4224
create image:
# dd of=flash bs=1k count=4k if=/dev/zero
# dd of=flash bs=1k conv=notrunc if=u-boot.bin
start it (see above):
# qemu-system-mips[64][el] [-cpu MIPS64R2-generic] -M mips -pflash flash -nographic
2) Download kernel + initrd
On ftp://ftp.denx.de/pub/contrib/Jean-Christophe_Plagniol-Villard/qemu_mips/
you can downland
#config to build the kernel
qemu_mips_defconfig
#patch to fix mips interrupt init on 2.6.24.y kernel
qemu_mips_kernel.patch
initrd.gz
vmlinux
vmlinux.bin
System.map
4) Generate uImage
# tools/mkimage -A mips -O linux -T kernel -C gzip -a 0x80010000 -e 0x80245650 -n "Linux 2.6.24.y" -d vmlinux.bin.gz uImage
5) Copy uImage to Flash
# dd if=uImage bs=1k conv=notrunc seek=224 of=flash
6) Generate Ide Disk
# dd of=ide bs=1k cout=100k if=/dev/zero
# sfdisk -C 261 -d ide
# partition table of ide
unit: sectors
ide1 : start= 63, size= 32067, Id=83
ide2 : start= 32130, size= 32130, Id=83
ide3 : start= 64260, size= 4128705, Id=83
ide4 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0
7) Copy to ide
# dd if=uImage bs=512 conv=notrunc seek=63 of=ide
8) Generate ext2 on part 2 on Copy uImage and initrd.gz
# Attached as loop device ide offset = 32130 * 512
# losetup -o 16450560 -f ide
# Format as ext2 ( arg2 : nb blocks)
# mke2fs /dev/loop0 16065
# losetup -d /dev/loop0
# Mount and copy uImage and initrd.gz to it
# mount -o loop,offset=16450560 -t ext2 ide /mnt
# mkdir /mnt/boot
# cp {initrd.gz,uImage} /mnt/boot/
# Umount it
# umount /mnt
9) Set Environment
setenv rd_start 0x80800000
setenv rd_size 2663940
setenv kernel BFC38000
setenv oad_addr 80500000
setenv load_addr2 80F00000
setenv kernel_flash BFC38000
setenv load_addr_hello 80200000
setenv bootargs 'root=/dev/ram0 init=/bin/sh'
setenv load_rd_ext2 'ide res; ext2load ide 0:2 ${rd_start} /boot/initrd.gz'
setenv load_rd_tftp 'tftp ${rd_start} /initrd.gz'
setenv load_kernel_hda 'ide res; diskboot ${load_addr} 0:2'
setenv load_kernel_ext2 'ide res; ext2load ide 0:2 ${load_addr} /boot/uImage'
setenv load_kernel_tftp 'tftp ${load_addr} /qemu_mips/uImage'
setenv boot_ext2_ext2 'run load_rd_ext2; run load_kernel_ext2; run addmisc; bootm ${load_addr}'
setenv boot_ext2_flash 'run load_rd_ext2; run addmisc; bootm ${kernel_flash}'
setenv boot_ext2_hda 'run load_rd_ext2; run load_kernel_hda; run addmisc; bootm ${load_addr}'
setenv boot_ext2_tftp 'run load_rd_ext2; run load_kernel_tftp; run addmisc; bootm ${load_addr}'
setenv boot_tftp_hda 'run load_rd_tftp; run load_kernel_hda; run addmisc; bootm ${load_addr}'
setenv boot_tftp_ext2 'run load_rd_tftp; run load_kernel_ext2; run addmisc; bootm ${load_addr}'
setenv boot_tftp_flash 'run load_rd_tftp; run addmisc; bootm ${kernel_flash}'
setenv boot_tftp_tftp 'run load_rd_tftp; run load_kernel_tftp; run addmisc; bootm ${load_addr}'
setenv load_hello_tftp 'tftp ${load_addr_hello} /examples/hello_world.bin'
setenv go_tftp 'run load_hello_tftp; go ${load_addr_hello}'
setenv addmisc 'setenv bootargs ${bootargs} console=ttyS0,${baudrate} rd_start=${rd_start} rd_size=${rd_size} ethaddr=${ethaddr}'
setenv bootcmd 'run boot_tftp_flash'
10) Now you can boot from flash, ide, ide+ext2 and tfp
# qemu-system-mips -M mips -pflash flash -monitor null -nographic -net nic -net user -tftp `pwd` -hda ide
II) How to debug U-Boot
In order to debug U-Boot you need to start qemu with gdb server support (-s)
and waiting the connection to start the CPU (-S)
# qemu-system-mips -S -s -M mips -pflash flash -monitor null -nographic -net nic -net user -tftp `pwd` -hda ide
in an other console you start gdb
1) Debugging of U-Boot Before Relocation
Before relocation, the addresses in the ELF file can be used without any problems
by connecting to the gdb server localhost:1234
# mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu-gdb u-boot
GNU gdb 6.6
Copyright (C) 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
GDB is free software, covered by the GNU General Public License, and you are
welcome to change it and/or distribute copies of it under certain conditions.
Type "show copying" to see the conditions.
There is absolutely no warranty for GDB. Type "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "--host=i486-linux-gnu --target=mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu"...
(gdb) target remote localhost:1234
Remote debugging using localhost:1234
_start () at start.S:64
64 RVECENT(reset,0) /* U-Boot entry point */
Current language: auto; currently asm
(gdb) b board.c:289
Breakpoint 1 at 0xbfc00cc8: file board.c, line 289.
(gdb) c
Continuing.
Breakpoint 1, board_init_f (bootflag=<value optimized out>) at board.c:290
290 relocate_code (addr_sp, id, addr);
Current language: auto; currently c
(gdb) p/x addr
$1 = 0x87fa0000
2) Debugging of U-Boot After Relocation
For debugging U-Boot after relocation we need to know the address to which
U-Boot relocates itself to 0x87fa0000 by default.
And replace the symbol table to this offset.
(gdb) symbol-file
Discard symbol table from `/private/u-boot-arm/u-boot'? (y or n) y
Error in re-setting breakpoint 1:
No symbol table is loaded. Use the "file" command.
No symbol file now.
(gdb) add-symbol-file u-boot 0x87fa0000
add symbol table from file "u-boot" at
.text_addr = 0x87fa0000
(y or n) y
Reading symbols from /private/u-boot-arm/u-boot...done.
Breakpoint 1 at 0x87fa0cc8: file board.c, line 289.
(gdb) c
Continuing.
Program received signal SIGINT, Interrupt.
0xffffffff87fa0de4 in udelay (usec=<value optimized out>) at time.c:78
78 while ((tmo - read_c0_count()) < 0x7fffffff)

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U-Boot for Renesas SuperH
Last update 01/18/2008 by Nobuhiro Iwamatsu
================================================================================
0. What's this?
This file contains status information for the port of U-Boot to the
Renesas SuperH series of CPUs.
================================================================================
1. Overview
SuperH has an original boot loader. However, source code is dirty, and
maintenance is not done.
To improve sharing and the maintenance of the code, Nobuhiro Iwamatsu
started the porting to u-boot in 2007.
================================================================================
2. Supported CPUs
2.1. Renesas SH7750/SH7750R
This CPU has the SH4 core.
2.2. Renesas SH7722
This CPU has the SH4AL-DSP core.
2.3. Renesas SH7780
This CPU has the SH4A core.
================================================================================
3. Supported Boards
3.1. Hitachi UL MS7750SE01/MS7750RSE01
Board specific code is in board/ms7750se
To use this board, type "make ms7750se_config".
Support devices are :
- SCIF
- SDRAM
- NOR Flash
- Marubun PCMCIA
3.2. Hitachi UL MS7722SE01
Board specific code is in board/ms7722se
To use this board, type "make ms7722se_config".
Support devices are :
- SCIF
- SDRAM
- NOR Flash
- Marubun PCMCIA
- SMC91x ethernet
3.2. Hitachi UL MS7720ERP01
Board specific code is in board/ms7720se
To use this board, type "make ms7720se_config".
Support devices are :
- SCIF
- SDRAM
- NOR Flash
- Marubun PCMCIA
3.3. Renesas R7780MP
Board specific code is in board/r7780mp
To use this board, type "make r7780mp_config".
Support devices are :
- SCIF
- DDR-SDRAM
- NOR Flash
- Compact Flash
- ASIX ethernet
- SH7780 PCI bridge
- RTL8110 ethernet
** README **
In SuperH, S-record and binary of made u-boot work on the memory.
When u-boot is written in the flash, it is necessary to change the
address by using 'objcopy'.
ex) shX-linux-objcopy -Ibinary -Osrec u-boot.bin u-boot.flash.srec
================================================================================
4. Compiler
You can use the following of u-boot to compile.
- SuperH Linux Open site
http://www.superh-linux.org/
- KPIT GNU tools
http://www.kpitgnutools.com/
================================================================================
5. Future
I plan to support the following CPUs and boards.
5.1. CPUs
- SH7751R(SH4)
5.2. Boards
- Many boards ;-)
================================================================================
Copyright (c) 2007,2008
Nobuhiro Iwamatsu <iwamatsu@nigaur.org>

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========================================
Renesas R0P7752C00000RZ board
========================================
This board specification:
=========================
The R0P7752C00000RZ(board config name:sh7752evb) has the following device:
- SH7752 (SH-4A)
- DDR3-SDRAM 512MB
- SPI ROM 8MB
- Gigabit Ethernet controllers
- eMMC 4GB
Configuration for This board:
=============================
You can select the configuration as follows:
- make sh7752evb_config
This board specific command:
============================
This board has the following its specific command:
- write_mac
1. write_mac
You can write MAC address to SPI ROM.
Usage 1) Write MAC address
write_mac [GETHERC ch0] [GETHERC ch1]
For example)
=> write_mac 74:90:50:00:33:9e 74:90:50:00:33:9f
*) We have to input the command as a single line
(without carriage return)
*) We have to reset after input the command.
Usage 2) Show current data
write_mac
For example)
=> write_mac
GETHERC ch0 = 74:90:50:00:33:9e
GETHERC ch1 = 74:90:50:00:33:9f
Update SPI ROM:
============================
1. Copy u-boot image to RAM area.
2. Probe SPI device.
=> sf probe 0
SF: Detected MX25L6405D with page size 64KiB, total 8 MiB
3. Erase SPI ROM.
=> sf erase 0 80000
4. Write u-boot image to SPI ROM.
=> sf write 0x48000000 0 80000

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========================================
Renesas SH7753 EVB board
========================================
This board specification:
=========================
The SH7753 EVB (board config name:sh7753evb) has the following device:
- SH7753 (SH-4A)
- DDR3-SDRAM 512MB
- SPI ROM 8MB
- Gigabit Ethernet controllers
- eMMC 4GB
Configuration for This board:
=============================
You can select the configuration as follows:
- make sh7753evb_config
This board specific command:
============================
This board has the following its specific command:
- write_mac
1. write_mac
You can write MAC address to SPI ROM.
Usage 1) Write MAC address
write_mac [GETHERC ch0] [GETHERC ch1]
For example)
=> write_mac 74:90:50:00:33:9e 74:90:50:00:33:9f
*) We have to input the command as a single line
(without carriage return)
*) We have to reset after input the command.
Usage 2) Show current data
write_mac
For example)
=> write_mac
GETHERC ch0 = 74:90:50:00:33:9e
GETHERC ch1 = 74:90:50:00:33:9f
Update SPI ROM:
============================
1. Copy u-boot image to RAM area.
2. Probe SPI device.
=> sf probe 0
SF: Detected MX25L6405D with page size 64KiB, total 8 MiB
3. Erase SPI ROM.
=> sf erase 0 80000
4. Write u-boot image to SPI ROM.
=> sf write 0x48000000 0 80000

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FU540-C000 RISC-V SoC
=====================
The FU540-C000 is the world’s first 4+1 64-bit RISC‑V SoC from SiFive.
The HiFive Unleashed development platform is based on FU540-C000 and capable
of running Linux.
Mainline support
================
The support for following drivers are already enabled:
1. SiFive UART Driver.
2. SiFive PRCI Driver for clock.
3. Cadence MACB ethernet driver for networking support.
TODO:
1. U-Boot expects the serial console device entry to be present under /chosen
DT node. Example:
chosen {
stdout-path = "/soc/serial@10010000:115200";
};
Without a serial console U-Boot will panic.
Building
========
1. Add the RISC-V toolchain to your PATH.
2. Setup ARCH & cross compilation enviornment variable.
a. export ARCH=riscv
b. export CROSS_COMPILE=<riscv64 toolchain prefix>
3. make sifive_fu540_defconfig
4. make
Flashing
========
The current U-Boot port is supported in S-mode only and loaded directly
into DRAM.
A prior stage (M-mode) firmware/bootloader (e.g OpenSBI) is required to
boot the u-boot.bin in S-mode and provide M-mode runtime services.
Currently, the u-boot.bin is used as a payload of the OpenSBI FW_PAYLOAD
firmware. We need to compile OpenSBI with below command:
make PLATFORM=sifive/fu540 FW_PAYLOAD_PATH=<path to u-boot.bin> FW_PAYLOAD_FDT_PATH=<path to hifive-unleashed-a00.dtb from Linux>
(Note: Prefer hifive-unleashed-a00.dtb from Linux-5.3 or higher)
(Note: Linux-5.2 is also fine but it does not have ethernet DT node)
More detailed description of steps required to build FW_PAYLOAD firmware
is beyond the scope of this document. Please refer OpenSBI documenation.
(Note: OpenSBI git repo is at https://github.com/riscv/opensbi.git)
Once the prior stage firmware/bootloader binary is generated, it should be
copied to the first partition of the sdcard.
sudo dd if=<prior_stage_firmware_binary> of=/dev/disk2s1 bs=1024
Booting
=======
Once you plugin the sdcard and power up, you should see the U-Boot prompt.
Sample boot log from HiFive Unleashed board
===========================================
U-Boot 2019.07-rc4-00013-g1837f893b0 (Jun 20 2019 - 11:08:48 +0530)
CPU: rv64imafdc
Model: SiFive HiFive Unleashed A00
DRAM: 8 GiB
In: serial@10010000
Out: serial@10010000
Err: serial@10010000
Net: eth0: ethernet@10090000
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
=> version
U-Boot 2019.07-rc4-00013-g1837f893b0 (Jun 20 2019 - 11:08:48 +0530)
riscv64-linux-gcc.br_real (Buildroot 2018.11-rc2-00003-ga0787e9) 8.2.0
GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.31.1
=>
===============================================================================
Now you can configure your networking, tftp server and use tftp boot method to
load uImage.
==========================================================================
=> setenv ipaddr 10.206.5.241
=> setenv netmask 255.255.252.0
=> setenv serverip 10.206.4.143
=> setenv gateway 10.206.4.1
=> tftpboot ${kernel_addr_r} /sifive/fu540/uImage
ethernet@10090000: PHY present at 0
ethernet@10090000: Starting autonegotiation...
ethernet@10090000: Autonegotiation complete
ethernet@10090000: link up, 1000Mbps full-duplex (lpa: 0x7c00)
Using ethernet@10090000 device
TFTP from server 10.206.4.143; our IP address is 10.206.5.241
Filename '/sifive/fu540/uImage'.
Load address: 0x80600000
Loading: #################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
########################################
1.5 MiB/s
done
Bytes transferred = 9162364 (8bce7c hex)
=> tftpboot ${ramdisk_addr_r} /sifive/fu540/uRamdisk
ethernet@10090000: PHY present at 0
ethernet@10090000: Starting autonegotiation...
ethernet@10090000: Autonegotiation complete
ethernet@10090000: link up, 1000Mbps full-duplex (lpa: 0x7c00)
Using ethernet@10090000 device
TFTP from server 10.206.4.143; our IP address is 10.206.5.241
Filename '/sifive/fu540/uRamdisk'.
Load address: 0x82500000
Loading: #################################################################
#################################################################
##################################
448.2 KiB/s
done
Bytes transferred = 2398272 (249840 hex)
=> setenv bootargs "root=/dev/ram rw console=ttySIF0 earlycon=sbi"
=> bootm ${kernel_addr_r} ${ramdisk_addr_r} ${fdtcontroladdr}
## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 80600000 ...
Image Name: Linux
Image Type: RISC-V Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
Data Size: 9162300 Bytes = 8.7 MiB
Load Address: 80200000
Entry Point: 80200000
Verifying Checksum ... OK
## Loading init Ramdisk from Legacy Image at 82500000 ...
Image Name: Linux RootFS
Image Type: RISC-V Linux RAMDisk Image (uncompressed)
Data Size: 2398208 Bytes = 2.3 MiB
Load Address: 00000000
Entry Point: 00000000
Verifying Checksum ... OK
## Flattened Device Tree blob at ff795730
Booting using the fdt blob at 0xff795730
Loading Kernel Image ... OK
Using Device Tree in place at 00000000ff795730, end 00000000ff799dac
Starting kernel ...
[ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Ignoring memory range 0x80000000 - 0x80200000
[ 0.000000] Linux version 5.2.0-rc1-00003-gb9543e66e700 (anup@anup-lab-machine) (gcc version 8.2.0 (Buildroot 2018.11-rc2-00003-ga0787e9)) #1 SMP Thu Jun 20 11:41:26 IST 2019
[ 0.000000] earlycon: sbi0 at I/O port 0x0 (options '')
[ 0.000000] printk: bootconsole [sbi0] enabled
[ 0.000000] Initial ramdisk at: 0x(____ptrval____) (2398208 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Zone ranges:
[ 0.000000] DMA32 [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000ffffffff]
[ 0.000000] Normal [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000000027fffffff]
[ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x000000027fffffff]
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x000000027fffffff]
[ 0.000000] software IO TLB: mapped [mem 0xfb795000-0xff795000] (64MB)
[ 0.000000] CPU with hartid=0 is not available
[ 0.000000] CPU with hartid=0 is not available
[ 0.000000] elf_hwcap is 0x112d
[ 0.000000] percpu: Embedded 17 pages/cpu s29592 r8192 d31848 u69632
[ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 2067975
[ 0.000000] Kernel command line: root=/dev/ram rw console=ttySIF0 earlycon=sbi
[ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 1048576 (order: 11, 8388608 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 524288 (order: 10, 4194304 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Sorting __ex_table...
[ 0.000000] Memory: 8182056K/8386560K available (5753K kernel code, 357K rwdata, 1804K rodata, 204K init, 808K bss, 204504K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
[ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=4, Nodes=1
[ 0.000000] rcu: Hierarchical RCU implementation.
[ 0.000000] rcu: RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=8 to nr_cpu_ids=4.
[ 0.000000] rcu: RCU calculated value of scheduler-enlistment delay is 25 jiffies.
[ 0.000000] rcu: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=16, nr_cpu_ids=4
[ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: 0, nr_irqs: 0, preallocated irqs: 0
[ 0.000000] plic: mapped 53 interrupts with 4 handlers for 9 contexts.
[ 0.000000] riscv_timer_init_dt: Registering clocksource cpuid [0] hartid [2]
[ 0.000000] clocksource: riscv_clocksource: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x1d854df40, max_idle_ns: 3526361616960 ns
[ 0.000007] sched_clock: 64 bits at 1000kHz, resolution 1000ns, wraps every 2199023255500ns
[ 0.008553] Console: colour dummy device 80x25
[ 0.012990] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 2.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=4000)
[ 0.023103] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[ 0.028269] Mount-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 0.035068] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 0.042770] *** VALIDATE proc ***
[ 0.045610] *** VALIDATE cgroup1 ***
[ 0.049157] *** VALIDATE cgroup2 ***
[ 0.053743] rcu: Hierarchical SRCU implementation.
[ 0.058297] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...
[ 0.064134] smp: Brought up 1 node, 4 CPUs
[ 0.069114] devtmpfs: initialized
[ 0.073281] random: get_random_u32 called from bucket_table_alloc.isra.10+0x4e/0x160 with crng_init=0
[ 0.082157] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 7645041785100000 ns
[ 0.091634] futex hash table entries: 1024 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
[ 0.098480] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[ 0.114101] vgaarb: loaded
[ 0.116397] SCSI subsystem initialized
[ 0.120358] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[ 0.125541] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[ 0.130936] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[ 0.136618] clocksource: Switched to clocksource riscv_clocksource
[ 0.148108] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[ 0.152358] tcp_listen_portaddr_hash hash table entries: 4096 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
[ 0.159928] TCP established hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
[ 0.169027] TCP bind hash table entries: 65536 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
[ 0.178360] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 65536 bind 65536)
[ 0.184653] UDP hash table entries: 4096 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 0.190819] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 4096 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 0.197618] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[ 0.201892] RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module.
[ 0.207395] RPC: Registered udp transport module.
[ 0.212159] RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
[ 0.216940] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.
[ 0.223445] PCI: CLS 0 bytes, default 64
[ 0.227726] Unpacking initramfs...
[ 0.260556] Freeing initrd memory: 2336K
[ 0.264652] workingset: timestamp_bits=62 max_order=21 bucket_order=0
[ 0.278452] NFS: Registering the id_resolver key type
[ 0.282841] Key type id_resolver registered
[ 0.287067] Key type id_legacy registered
[ 0.291155] nfs4filelayout_init: NFSv4 File Layout Driver Registering...
[ 0.298299] NET: Registered protocol family 38
[ 0.302470] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 254)
[ 0.309906] io scheduler mq-deadline registered
[ 0.314501] io scheduler kyber registered
[ 0.354134] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing disabled
[ 0.360725] 10010000.serial: ttySIF0 at MMIO 0x10010000 (irq = 4, base_baud = 0) is a SiFive UART v0
[ 0.369191] printk: console [ttySIF0] enabled
[ 0.369191] printk: console [ttySIF0] enabled
[ 0.377938] printk: bootconsole [sbi0] disabled
[ 0.377938] printk: bootconsole [sbi0] disabled
[ 0.387298] 10011000.serial: ttySIF1 at MMIO 0x10011000 (irq = 1, base_baud = 0) is a SiFive UART v0
[ 0.396411] [drm] radeon kernel modesetting enabled.
[ 0.409818] loop: module loaded
[ 0.412606] libphy: Fixed MDIO Bus: probed
[ 0.416870] macb 10090000.ethernet: Registered clk switch 'sifive-gemgxl-mgmt'
[ 0.423570] macb: GEM doesn't support hardware ptp.
[ 0.428469] libphy: MACB_mii_bus: probed
[ 1.053009] Microsemi VSC8541 SyncE 10090000.ethernet-ffffffff:00: attached PHY driver [Microsemi VSC8541 SyncE] (mii_bus:phy_addr=10090000.ethernet-ffffffff:00, irq=POLL)
[ 1.067548] macb 10090000.ethernet eth0: Cadence GEM rev 0x10070109 at 0x10090000 irq 7 (70:b3:d5:92:f2:f3)
[ 1.077330] e1000e: Intel(R) PRO/1000 Network Driver - 3.2.6-k
[ 1.083069] e1000e: Copyright(c) 1999 - 2015 Intel Corporation.
[ 1.089061] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[ 1.095485] ehci-pci: EHCI PCI platform driver
[ 1.099947] ehci-platform: EHCI generic platform driver
[ 1.105196] ohci_hcd: USB 1.1 'Open' Host Controller (OHCI) Driver
[ 1.111286] ohci-pci: OHCI PCI platform driver
[ 1.115742] ohci-platform: OHCI generic platform driver
[ 1.121142] usbcore: registered new interface driver uas
[ 1.126269] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[ 1.132331] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
[ 1.137978] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
[ 1.143325] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[ 1.148022] NET: Registered protocol family 10
[ 1.152609] Segment Routing with IPv6
[ 1.155571] sit: IPv6, IPv4 and MPLS over IPv4 tunneling driver
[ 1.161927] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[ 1.165907] Key type dns_resolver registered
[ 1.171694] Freeing unused kernel memory: 204K
[ 1.175375] This architecture does not have kernel memory protection.
[ 1.181792] Run /init as init process
_ _
| ||_|
| | _ ____ _ _ _ _
| || | _ \| | | |\ \/ /
| || | | | | |_| |/ \
|_||_|_| |_|\____|\_/\_/
Busybox Rootfs
Please press Enter to activate this console.
/ #

0
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11
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@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
U-Boot API documentation
========================
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
efi
linker_lists
serial

0
doc/linker_lists.rst → doc/api/linker_lists.rst
View file

0
doc/serial.rst → doc/api/serial.rst
View file

5
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@ -1,3 +1,8 @@
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
ARC
===
Synopsys' DesignWare(r) ARC(r) Processors are a family of 32-bit CPUs
that SoC designers can optimize for a wide range of uses, from deeply embedded
to high-performance host applications.

25
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@ -1,14 +1,17 @@
U-Boot for arm64
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
ARM64
=====
Summary
=======
-------
The initial arm64 U-Boot port was developed before hardware was available,
so the first supported platforms were the Foundation and Fast Model for ARMv8.
These days U-Boot runs on a variety of 64-bit capable ARM hardware, from
embedded development boards to servers.
Notes
=====
-----
1. U-Boot can run at any exception level it is entered in, it is
recommened to enter it in EL3 if U-Boot takes some responsibilities of a
@ -46,11 +49,11 @@ Notes
Contributors
============
Tom Rini <trini@ti.com>
Scott Wood <scottwood@freescale.com>
York Sun <yorksun@freescale.com>
Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Sharma Bhupesh <bhupesh.sharma@freescale.com>
Rob Herring <robherring2@gmail.com>
Sergey Temerkhanov <s.temerkhanov@gmail.com>
------------
* Tom Rini <trini@ti.com>
* Scott Wood <scottwood@freescale.com>
* York Sun <yorksun@freescale.com>
* Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
* Sharma Bhupesh <bhupesh.sharma@freescale.com>
* Rob Herring <robherring2@gmail.com>
* Sergey Temerkhanov <s.temerkhanov@gmail.com>

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@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
Architecture-specific doc
=========================
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
arc
arm64
m68k
mips
nds32
nios2
sandbox
sh
x86
xtensa

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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
M68K / ColdFire
===============
History
-------
* November 02, 2017 Angelo Dureghello <angelo@sysam.it>
* August 08, 2005 Jens Scharsig <esw@bus-elektronik.de>
MCF5282 implementation without preloader
* January 12, 2004 <josef.baumgartner@telex.de>
This file contains status information for the port of U-Boot to the
Motorola ColdFire series of CPUs.
Overview
--------
The ColdFire instruction set is "assembly source" compatible but an evolution
of the original 68000 instruction set. Some not much used instructions has
been removed. The instructions are only 16, 32, or 48 bits long, a
simplification compared to the 68000 series.
Bernhard Kuhn ported U-Boot 0.4.0 to the Motorola ColdFire architecture.
The patches of Bernhard support the MCF5272 and MCF5282. A great disadvantage
of these patches was that they needed a pre-bootloader to start U-Boot.
Because of this, a new port was created which no longer needs a first stage
booter.
Thanks mainly to Freescale but also to several other contributors, U-Boot now
supports nearly the entire range of ColdFire processors and their related
development boards.
Supported CPU families
----------------------
Please "make menuconfig" with ARCH=m68k, or check arch/m68k/cpu to see the
currently supported processor and families.
Supported boards
----------------
U-Boot supports actually more than 40 ColdFire based boards.
Board configuration can be done trough include/configs/<boardname>.h but the
current recommended method is to use the new and more friendly approach as
the "make menuconfig" way, very similar to the Linux way.
To know details as memory map, build targets, default setup, etc, of a
specific board please check:
* include/configs/<boardname>.h
and/or
* configs/<boardname>_defconfig
It is possible to build all ColdFire boards in a single command-line command,
from u-boot root directory, as::
./tools/buildman/buildman m68k
Build U-Boot for a specific board
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
A bash script similar to the one below may be used:
.. code-block:: shell
#!/bin/bash
export CROSS_COMPILE=/opt/toolchains/m68k/gcc-4.9.0-nolibc/bin/m68k-linux-
board=M5475DFE
make distclean
make ARCH=m68k ${board}_defconfig
make ARCH=m68k KBUILD_VERBOSE=1
Adopted toolchains
------------------
Please check:
https://www.denx.de/wiki/U-Boot/ColdFireNotes
ColdFire specific configuration options/settings
------------------------------------------------
Configuration to use a pre-loader
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
If U-Boot should be loaded to RAM and started by a pre-loader
CONFIG_MONITOR_IS_IN_RAM must be defined. If it is defined the
initial vector table and basic processor initialization will not
be compiled in. The start address of U-Boot must be adjusted in
the boards config header file (CONFIG_SYS_MONITOR_BASE) and Makefile
(CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE) to the load address.
ColdFire CPU specific options/settings
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
To specify a CPU model, some defines shoudl be used, i.e.:
CONFIG_MCF52x2:
defined for all MCF52x2 CPUs
CONFIG_M5272:
defined for all Motorola MCF5272 CPUs
Other options, generally set inside include/configs/<boardname>.h, they may
apply to one or more cpu for the ColdFire family:
CONFIG_SYS_MBAR:
defines the base address of the MCF5272 configuration registers
CONFIG_SYS_ENET_BD_BASE:
defines the base address of the FEC buffer descriptors
CONFIG_SYS_SCR:
defines the contents of the System Configuration Register
CONFIG_SYS_SPR:
defines the contents of the System Protection Register
CONFIG_SYS_MFD:
defines the PLL Multiplication Factor Divider
(see table 9-4 of MCF user manual)
CONFIG_SYS_RFD:
defines the PLL Reduce Frequency Devider
(see table 9-4 of MCF user manual)
CONFIG_SYS_CSx_BASE:
defines the base address of chip select x
CONFIG_SYS_CSx_SIZE:
defines the memory size (address range) of chip select x
CONFIG_SYS_CSx_WIDTH:
defines the bus with of chip select x
CONFIG_SYS_CSx_MASK:
defines the mask for the related chip select x
CONFIG_SYS_CSx_RO:
if set to 0 chip select x is read/write else chip select is read only
CONFIG_SYS_CSx_WS:
defines the number of wait states of chip select x
CONFIG_SYS_CACHE_ICACR:
cache-related registers config
CONFIG_SYS_CACHE_DCACR:
cache-related registers config
CONFIG_SYS_CACHE_ACRX:
cache-related registers config
CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_BASE:
SDRAM config for SDRAM controller-specific registers
CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_SIZE:
SDRAM config for SDRAM controller-specific registers
CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_BASEX:
SDRAM config for SDRAM controller-specific registers
CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_CFG1:
SDRAM config for SDRAM controller-specific registers
CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_CFG2:
SDRAM config for SDRAM controller-specific registers
CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_CTRL:
SDRAM config for SDRAM controller-specific registers
CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_MODE:
SDRAM config for SDRAM controller-specific registers
CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_EMOD:
SDRAM config for SDRAM controller-specific registers, please
see arch/m68k/cpu/<specific_cpu>/start.S files to see how
these options are used.
CONFIG_MCFUART:
defines enabling of ColdFire UART driver
CONFIG_SYS_UART_PORT:
defines the UART port to be used (only a single UART can be actually enabled)
CONFIG_SYS_SBFHDR_SIZE:
size of the prepended SBF header, if any

28
doc/README.mips → doc/arch/mips.rst
View file

@ -1,17 +1,16 @@
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
MIPS
====
Notes for the MIPS architecture port of U-Boot
Toolchains
----------
http://www.denx.de/wiki/DULG/ELDK
ELDK < DULG < DENX
http://www.emdebian.org/crosstools.html
Embedded Debian -- Cross-development toolchains
http://buildroot.uclibc.org/
Buildroot
* `ELDK < DULG < DENX <http://www.denx.de/wiki/DULG/ELDK>`_
* `Embedded Debian -- Cross-development toolchains <http://www.emdebian.org/crosstools.html>`_
* `Buildroot <http://buildroot.uclibc.org/>`_
Known Issues
------------
@ -24,9 +23,9 @@ Known Issues
re-initializes the cache. The more common uImage 'bootm' command does
not suffer this problem.
[workaround] To avoid this cache incoherency,
1) insert flush_cache(all) before calling dcache_disable(), or
2) fix dcache_disable() to do both flushing and disabling cache.
[workaround] To avoid this cache incoherency:
- insert flush_cache(all) before calling dcache_disable(), or
- fix dcache_disable() to do both flushing and disabling cache.
* Note that Linux users need to kill dcache_disable() in do_bootelf_exec()
or override do_bootelf_exec() not to disable I-/D-caches, because most
@ -36,19 +35,12 @@ TODOs
-----
* Probe CPU types, I-/D-cache and TLB size etc. automatically
* Secondary cache support missing
* Initialize TLB entries redardless of their use
* R2000/R3000 class parts are not supported
* Limited testing across different MIPS variants
* Due to cache initialization issues, the DRAM on board must be
initialized in board specific assembler language before the cache init
code is run -- that is, initialize the DRAM in lowlevel_init().
* centralize/share more CPU code of MIPS32, MIPS64 and XBurst
* support Qemu Malta

101
doc/arch/nds32.rst Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
NDS32
=====
NDS32 is a new high-performance 32-bit RISC microprocessor core.
http://www.andestech.com/
AndeStar ISA
------------
AndeStar is a patent-pending 16-bit/32-bit mixed-length instruction set to
achieve optimal system performance, code density, and power efficiency.
It contains the following features:
- Intermixable 32-bit and 16-bit instruction sets without the need for
mode switch.
- 16-bit instructions as a frequently used subset of 32-bit instructions.
- RISC-style register-based instruction set.
- 32 32-bit General Purpose Registers (GPR).
- Upto 1024 User Special Registers (USR) for existing and extension
instructions.
- Rich load/store instructions for...
- Single memory access with base address update.
- Multiple aligned and unaligned memory accesses for memory copy and stack
operations.
- Data prefetch to improve data cache performance.
- Non-bus locking synchronization instructions.
- PC relative jump and PC read instructions for efficient position independent
code.
- Multiply-add and multiple-sub with 64-bit accumulator.
- Instruction for efficient power management.
- Bi-endian support.
- Three instruction extension space for application acceleration:
- Performance extension.
- Andes future extensions (for floating-point, multimedia, etc.)
- Customer extensions.
AndesCore CPU
-------------
Andes Technology has 4 families of CPU cores: N12, N10, N9, N8.
For details about N12 CPU family, please check below N1213 features.
N1213 is a configurable hard/soft core of NDS32's N12 CPU family.
N1213 Features
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
CPU Core
- 16-/32-bit mixable instruction format.
- 32 general-purpose 32-bit registers.
- 8-stage pipeline.
- Dynamic branch prediction.
- 32/64/128/256 BTB.
- Return address stack (RAS).
- Vector interrupts for internal/external.
interrupt controller with 6 hardware interrupt signals.
- 3 HW-level nested interruptions.
- User and super-user mode support.
- Memory-mapped I/O.
- Address space up to 4GB.
Memory Management Unit
- TLB
- 4/8-entry fully associative iTLB/dTLB.
- 32/64/128-entry 4-way set-associati.ve main TLB.
- TLB locking support
- Optional hardware page table walker.
- Two groups of page size support.
- 4KB & 1MB.
- 8KB & 1MB.
Memory Subsystem
- I & D cache.
- Virtually indexed and physically tagged.
- Cache size: 8KB/16KB/32KB/64KB.
- Cache line size: 16B/32B.
- Set associativity: 2-way, 4-way or direct-mapped.
- Cache locking support.
- I & D local memory (LM).
- Size: 4KB to 1MB.
- Bank numbers: 1 or 2.
- Optional 1D/2D DMA engine.
- Internal or external to CPU core.
Bus Interface
- Synchronous/Asynchronous AHB bus: 0, 1 or 2 ports.
- Synchronous High speed memory port.
(HSMP): 0, 1 or 2 ports.
Debug
- JTAG debug interface.
- Embedded debug module (EDM).
- Optional embedded program tracer interface.
Miscellaneous
- Programmable data endian control.
- Performance monitoring mechanism.
The NDS32 ports of u-boot, the Linux kernel, the GNU toolchain and other
associated software are actively supported by Andes Technology Corporation.

86
doc/README.nios2 → doc/arch/nios2.rst
View file

@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
Nios II
=======
Nios II is a 32-bit embedded-processor architecture designed
specifically for the Altera family of FPGAs.
Please refer to the link for more information on Nios II,
Please refer to the link for more information on Nios II:
https://www.altera.com/products/processors/overview.html
Please refer to the link for Linux port and toolchains,
Please refer to the link for Linux port and toolchains:
http://rocketboards.org/foswiki/view/Documentation/NiosIILinuxUserManual
The Nios II port of u-boot is controlled by device tree. Please check
@ -13,33 +18,38 @@ out doc/README.fdt-control.
To add a new board/configuration (eg, mysystem) to u-boot, you will need
three files.
1. The device tree source which describes the hardware, dts file.
arch/nios2/dts/mysystem.dts
1. The device tree source which describes the hardware, dts file:
arch/nios2/dts/mysystem.dts
2. Default configuration of Kconfig, defconfig file.
configs/mysystem_defconfig
2. Default configuration of Kconfig, defconfig file:
configs/mysystem_defconfig
3. The legacy board header file.
include/configs/mysystem.h
3. The legacy board header file:
include/configs/mysystem.h
The device tree source must be generated from your qsys/sopc design
using the sopc2dts tool. Then modified to fit your configuration. Please
find the sopc2dts download and usage at the wiki,
using the sopc2dts tool. Then modified to fit your configuration.
Please find the sopc2dts download and usage at the wiki:
http://www.alterawiki.com/wiki/Sopc2dts
$ java -jar sopc2dts.jar --force-altr -i mysystem.sopcinfo -o mysystem.dts
.. code-block:: none
$ java -jar sopc2dts.jar --force-altr -i mysystem.sopcinfo -o mysystem.dts
You will need to add additional properties to the dts. Please find an
example at, arch/nios2/dts/10m50_devboard.dts.
1. Add "stdout-path=..." property with your serial path to the chosen
node, like this,
node, like this::
chosen {
stdout-path = &uart_0;
};
2. If you use SPI/EPCS or I2C, you will need to add aliases to number
the sequence of these devices, like this,
the sequence of these devices, like this::
aliases {
spi0 = &epcs_controller;
};
@ -47,49 +57,55 @@ the sequence of these devices, like this,
Next, you will need a default config file. You may start with
10m50_defconfig, modify the options and save it.
$ make 10m50_defconfig
$ make menuconfig
$ make savedefconfig
$ cp defconfig configs/mysystem_defconfig
.. code-block:: none
$ make 10m50_defconfig
$ make menuconfig
$ make savedefconfig
$ cp defconfig configs/mysystem_defconfig
You will need to change the names of board header file and device tree,
and select the drivers with menuconfig.
Nios II architecture --->
(mysystem) Board header file
Device Tree Control --->
(mysystem) Default Device Tree for DT control
.. code-block:: none
Nios II architecture --->
(mysystem) Board header file
Device Tree Control --->
(mysystem) Default Device Tree for DT control
There is a selection of "Provider of DTB for DT control" in the Device
Tree Control menu.
( ) Separate DTB for DT control, will cat the dtb to end of u-boot
binary, output u-boot-dtb.bin. This should be used for production.
If you use boot copier, like EPCS boot copier, make sure the copier
copies all the u-boot-dtb.bin, not just u-boot.bin.
* Separate DTB for DT control, will cat the dtb to end of u-boot
binary, output u-boot-dtb.bin. This should be used for production.
If you use boot copier, like EPCS boot copier, make sure the copier
copies all the u-boot-dtb.bin, not just u-boot.bin.
( ) Embedded DTB for DT control, will include the dtb inside the u-boot
binary. This is handy for development, eg, using gdb or nios2-download.
* Embedded DTB for DT control, will include the dtb inside the u-boot
binary. This is handy for development, eg, using gdb or nios2-download.
The last thing, legacy board header file describes those config options
not covered in Kconfig yet. You may copy it from 10m50_devboard.h.
not covered in Kconfig yet. You may copy it from 10m50_devboard.h::
$ cp include/configs/10m50_devboard.h include/configs/mysystem.h
$ cp include/configs/10m50_devboard.h include/configs/mysystem.h
Please change the SDRAM base and size to match your board. The base
should be cached virtual address, for Nios II with MMU it is 0xCxxx_xxxx
to 0xDxxx_xxxx.
#define CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_BASE 0xc8000000
#define CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_SIZE 0x08000000
.. code-block:: c
#define CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_BASE 0xc8000000
#define CONFIG_SYS_SDRAM_SIZE 0x08000000
You will need to change the environment variables location and setting,
too. You may change other configs to fit your board.
After all these changes, you may build and test.
After all these changes, you may build and test::
$ export CROSS_COMPILE=nios2-elf- (or nios2-linux-gnu-)
$ make mysystem_defconfig
$ make
$ export CROSS_COMPILE=nios2-elf- (or nios2-linux-gnu-)
$ make mysystem_defconfig
$ make
Enjoy!

251
board/sandbox/README.sandbox → doc/arch/sandbox.rst
View file

@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ */
/*
* Copyright (c) 2014 The Chromium OS Authors.
*/
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ */
.. Copyright (c) 2014 The Chromium OS Authors.
.. sectionauthor:: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Sandbox
=======
Native Execution of U-Boot
==========================
--------------------------
The 'sandbox' architecture is designed to allow U-Boot to run under Linux on
almost any hardware. To achieve this it builds U-Boot (so far as possible)
@ -35,33 +37,31 @@ Note that standalone/API support is not available at present.
Basic Operation
---------------
To run sandbox U-Boot use something like:
To run sandbox U-Boot use something like::
make sandbox_defconfig all
./u-boot
Note:
If you get errors about 'sdl-config: Command not found' you may need to
install libsdl1.2-dev or similar to get SDL support. Alternatively you can
build sandbox without SDL (i.e. no display/keyboard support) by removing
the CONFIG_SANDBOX_SDL line in include/configs/sandbox.h or using:
Note: If you get errors about 'sdl-config: Command not found' you may need to
install libsdl1.2-dev or similar to get SDL support. Alternatively you can
build sandbox without SDL (i.e. no display/keyboard support) by removing
the CONFIG_SANDBOX_SDL line in include/configs/sandbox.h or using::
make sandbox_defconfig all NO_SDL=1
./u-boot
make sandbox_defconfig all NO_SDL=1
./u-boot
U-Boot will start on your computer, showing a sandbox emulation of the serial
console:
console::
U-Boot 2014.04 (Mar 20 2014 - 19:06:00)
U-Boot 2014.04 (Mar 20 2014 - 19:06:00)
DRAM: 128 MiB
Using default environment
DRAM: 128 MiB
Using default environment
In: serial
Out: lcd
Err: lcd
=>
In: serial
Out: lcd
Err: lcd
=>
You can issue commands as your would normally. If the command you want is
not supported you can add it to include/configs/sandbox.h.
@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ Console / LCD support
---------------------
Assuming that CONFIG_SANDBOX_SDL is defined when building, you can run the
sandbox with LCD and keyboard emulation, using something like:
sandbox with LCD and keyboard emulation, using something like::
./u-boot -d u-boot.dtb -l
@ -198,18 +198,23 @@ Sandbox Variants
There are unfortunately quite a few variants at present:
sandbox - should be used for most tests
sandbox64 - special build that forces a 64-bit host
sandbox_flattree - builds with dev_read_...() functions defined as inline.
We need this build so that we can test those inline functions, and we
cannot build with both the inline functions and the non-inline functions
since they are named the same.
sandbox_noblk - builds without CONFIG_BLK, which means the legacy block
drivers are used. We cannot use both the legacy and driver-model block
drivers since they implement the same functions
sandbox_spl - builds sandbox with SPL support, so you can run spl/u-boot-spl
and it will start up and then load ./u-boot. It is also possible to
run ./u-boot directly.
sandbox:
should be used for most tests
sandbox64:
special build that forces a 64-bit host
sandbox_flattree:
builds with dev_read\_...() functions defined as inline.
We need this build so that we can test those inline functions, and we
cannot build with both the inline functions and the non-inline functions
since they are named the same.
sandbox_noblk:
builds without CONFIG_BLK, which means the legacy block
drivers are used. We cannot use both the legacy and driver-model block
drivers since they implement the same functions
sandbox_spl:
builds sandbox with SPL support, so you can run spl/u-boot-spl
and it will start up and then load ./u-boot. It is also possible to
run ./u-boot directly.
Of these sandbox_noblk can be removed once CONFIG_BLK is used everwhere, and
sandbox_spl can probably be removed since it is a superset of sandbox.
@ -234,42 +239,44 @@ promiscuous mode so that the network card won't filter out packets not destined
for its configured (on Linux) MAC address.
The RAW sockets Ethernet API requires elevated privileges in Linux. You can
either run as root, or you can add the capability needed like so:
either run as root, or you can add the capability needed like so::
sudo /sbin/setcap "CAP_NET_RAW+ep" /path/to/u-boot
sudo /sbin/setcap "CAP_NET_RAW+ep" /path/to/u-boot
The default device tree for sandbox includes an entry for eth0 on the sandbox
host machine whose alias is "eth1". The following are a few examples of network
operations being tested on the eth0 interface.
sudo /path/to/u-boot -D
.. code-block:: none
DHCP
....
sudo /path/to/u-boot -D
setenv autoload no
setenv ethrotate no
setenv ethact eth1
dhcp
DHCP
....
PING
....
setenv autoload no
setenv ethrotate no
setenv ethact eth1
dhcp
setenv autoload no
setenv ethrotate no
setenv ethact eth1
dhcp
ping $gatewayip
PING
....
TFTP
....
setenv autoload no
setenv ethrotate no
setenv ethact eth1
dhcp
ping $gatewayip
setenv autoload no
setenv ethrotate no
setenv ethact eth1
dhcp
setenv serverip WWW.XXX.YYY.ZZZ
tftpboot u-boot.bin
TFTP
....
setenv autoload no
setenv ethrotate no
setenv ethact eth1
dhcp
setenv serverip WWW.XXX.YYY.ZZZ
tftpboot u-boot.bin
The bridge also supports (to a lesser extent) the localhost interface, 'lo'.
@ -287,12 +294,14 @@ The default device tree for sandbox includes an entry for lo on the sandbox
host machine whose alias is "eth5". The following is an example of a network
operation being tested on the lo interface.
TFTP
....
.. code-block:: none
setenv ethrotate no
setenv ethact eth5
tftpboot u-boot.bin
TFTP
....
setenv ethrotate no
setenv ethact eth5
tftpboot u-boot.bin
SPI Emulation
@ -300,7 +309,7 @@ SPI Emulation
Sandbox supports SPI and SPI flash emulation.
This is controlled by the spi_sf argument, the format of which is:
This is controlled by the spi_sf argument, the format of which is::
bus:cs:device:file
@ -309,24 +318,23 @@ This is controlled by the spi_sf argument, the format of which is:
device - SPI device emulation name
file - File on disk containing the data
For example:
For example::
dd if=/dev/zero of=spi.bin bs=1M count=4
./u-boot --spi_sf 0:0:M25P16:spi.bin
dd if=/dev/zero of=spi.bin bs=1M count=4
./u-boot --spi_sf 0:0:M25P16:spi.bin
With this setup you can issue SPI flash commands as normal:
With this setup you can issue SPI flash commands as normal::
=>sf probe
SF: Detected M25P16 with page size 64 KiB, total 2 MiB
=>sf read 0 0 10000
SF: 65536 bytes @ 0x0 Read: OK
=>
=>sf probe
SF: Detected M25P16 with page size 64 KiB, total 2 MiB
=>sf read 0 0 10000
SF: 65536 bytes @ 0x0 Read: OK
Since this is a full SPI emulation (rather than just flash), you can
also use low-level SPI commands:
also use low-level SPI commands::
=>sspi 0:0 32 9f
FF202015
=>sspi 0:0 32 9f
FF202015
This is issuing a READ_ID command and getting back 20 (ST Micro) part
0x2015 (the M25P16).
@ -338,15 +346,14 @@ for each driver.
Configuration settings for the curious are:
CONFIG_SANDBOX_SPI_MAX_BUS
The maximum number of SPI buses supported by the driver (default 1).
CONFIG_SANDBOX_SPI_MAX_BUS:
The maximum number of SPI buses supported by the driver (default 1).
CONFIG_SANDBOX_SPI_MAX_CS
The maximum number of chip selects supported by the driver
(default 10).
CONFIG_SANDBOX_SPI_MAX_CS:
The maximum number of chip selects supported by the driver (default 10).
CONFIG_SPI_IDLE_VAL
The idle value on the SPI bus
CONFIG_SPI_IDLE_VAL:
The idle value on the SPI bus
Block Device Emulation
@ -354,20 +361,20 @@ Block Device Emulation
U-Boot can use raw disk images for block device emulation. To e.g. list
the contents of the root directory on the second partion of the image
"disk.raw", you can use the following commands:
"disk.raw", you can use the following commands::
=>host bind 0 ./disk.raw
=>ls host 0:2
=>host bind 0 ./disk.raw
=>ls host 0:2
A disk image can be created using the following commands:
A disk image can be created using the following commands::
$> truncate -s 1200M ./disk.raw
$> echo -e "label: gpt\n,64M,U\n,,L" | /usr/sbin/sgdisk ./disk.raw
$> lodev=`sudo losetup -P -f --show ./disk.raw`
$> sudo mkfs.vfat -n EFI -v ${lodev}p1
$> sudo mkfs.ext4 -L ROOT -v ${lodev}p2
$> truncate -s 1200M ./disk.raw
$> echo -e "label: gpt\n,64M,U\n,,L" | /usr/sbin/sgdisk ./disk.raw
$> lodev=`sudo losetup -P -f --show ./disk.raw`
$> sudo mkfs.vfat -n EFI -v ${lodev}p1
$> sudo mkfs.ext4 -L ROOT -v ${lodev}p2
or utilize the device described in test/py/make_test_disk.py:
or utilize the device described in test/py/make_test_disk.py::
#!/usr/bin/python
import make_test_disk
@ -395,16 +402,16 @@ space. See existing code for examples.
Debugging the init sequence
---------------------------
If you get a failure in the initcall sequence, like this:
If you get a failure in the initcall sequence, like this::
initcall sequence 0000560775957c80 failed at call 0000000000048134 (err=-96)
Then you use can use grep to see which init call failed, e.g.:
Then you use can use grep to see which init call failed, e.g.::
$ grep 0000000000048134 u-boot.map
stdio_add_devices
Of course another option is to run it with a debugger such as gdb:
Of course another option is to run it with a debugger such as gdb::
$ gdb u-boot
...
@ -414,6 +421,8 @@ Of course another option is to run it with a debugger such as gdb:
Note that two locations are reported, since this function is used in both
board_init_f() and board_init_r().
.. code-block:: none
(gdb) r
Starting program: /tmp/b/sandbox/u-boot
[Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]
@ -445,13 +454,13 @@ environment variable to the correct pathname before building U-Boot.
Using valgrind / memcheck
-------------------------
It is possible to run U-Boot under valgrind to check memory allocations:
It is possible to run U-Boot under valgrind to check memory allocations::
valgrind u-boot
If you are running sandbox SPL or TPL, then valgrind will not by default
notice when U-Boot jumps from TPL to SPL, or from SPL to U-Boot proper. To
fix this, use:
fix this, use::
valgrind --trace-children=yes u-boot
@ -462,22 +471,24 @@ Testing
U-Boot sandbox can be used to run various tests, mostly in the test/
directory. These include:
command_ut
- Unit tests for command parsing and handling
compression
- Unit tests for U-Boot's compression algorithms, useful for
security checking. It supports gzip, bzip2, lzma and lzo.
driver model
- Run this pytest
./test/py/test.py --bd sandbox --build -k ut_dm -v
image
- Unit tests for images:
test/image/test-imagetools.sh - multi-file images
test/image/test-fit.py - FIT images
tracing
- test/trace/test-trace.sh tests the tracing system (see README.trace)
verified boot
- See test/vboot/vboot_test.sh for this
command_ut:
Unit tests for command parsing and handling
compression:
Unit tests for U-Boot's compression algorithms, useful for
security checking. It supports gzip, bzip2, lzma and lzo.
driver model:
Run this pytest::
./test/py/test.py --bd sandbox --build -k ut_dm -v
image:
Unit tests for images:
test/image/test-imagetools.sh - multi-file images
test/image/test-fit.py - FIT images
tracing:
test/trace/test-trace.sh tests the tracing system (see README.trace)
verified boot:
See test/vboot/vboot_test.sh for this
If you change or enhance any of the above subsystems, you shold write or
expand a test and include it with your patch series submission. Test
@ -495,14 +506,12 @@ Memory Map
Sandbox has its own emulated memory starting at 0. Here are some of the things
that are mapped into that memory:
======= ======================== ===============================
Addr Config Usage
======= ======================== ===============================
0 CONFIG_SYS_FDT_LOAD_ADDR Device tree
e000 CONFIG_BLOBLIST_ADDR Blob list
10000 CONFIG_MALLOC_F_ADDR Early memory allocation
f0000 CONFIG_PRE_CON_BUF_ADDR Pre-console buffer
100000 CONFIG_TRACE_EARLY_ADDR Early trace buffer (if enabled)
=
--
Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Updated 22-Mar-14
======= ======================== ===============================

106
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@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. Copyright (c) 2007,2008 Nobuhiro Iwamatsu <iwamatsu@nigaur.org>
SuperH
======
What's this?
------------
This file contains status information for the port of U-Boot to the
Renesas SuperH series of CPUs.
Overview
--------
SuperH has an original boot loader. However, source code is dirty, and
maintenance is not done. To improve sharing and the maintenance of the code,
Nobuhiro Iwamatsu started the porting to U-Boot in 2007.
Supported CPUs
--------------
Renesas SH7750/SH7750R
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
This CPU has the SH4 core.
Renesas SH7722
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
This CPU has the SH4AL-DSP core.
Renesas SH7780
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
This CPU has the SH4A core.
Supported Boards
----------------
Hitachi UL MS7750SE01/MS7750RSE01
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Board specific code is in board/ms7750se
To use this board, type "make ms7750se_config".
Support devices are:
- SCIF
- SDRAM
- NOR Flash
- Marubun PCMCIA
Hitachi UL MS7722SE01
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Board specific code is in board/ms7722se
To use this board, type "make ms7722se_config".
Support devices are:
- SCIF
- SDRAM
- NOR Flash
- Marubun PCMCIA
- SMC91x ethernet
Hitachi UL MS7720ERP01
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Board specific code is in board/ms7720se
To use this board, type "make ms7720se_config".
Support devices are:
- SCIF
- SDRAM
- NOR Flash
- Marubun PCMCIA
Renesas R7780MP
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Board specific code is in board/r7780mp
To use this board, type "make r7780mp_config".
Support devices are:
- SCIF
- DDR-SDRAM
- NOR Flash
- Compact Flash
- ASIX ethernet
- SH7780 PCI bridge
- RTL8110 ethernet
In SuperH, S-record and binary of made u-boot work on the memory.
When u-boot is written in the flash, it is necessary to change the
address by using 'objcopy'::
ex) shX-linux-objcopy -Ibinary -Osrec u-boot.bin u-boot.flash.srec
Compiler
--------
You can use the following of u-boot to compile.
- `SuperH Linux Open site <http://www.superh-linux.org/>`_
- `KPIT GNU tools <http://www.kpitgnutools.com/>`_
Future
------
I plan to support the following CPUs and boards.
CPUs
^^^^
- SH7751R(SH4)
Boards
^^^^^^
Many boards ;-)

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24
doc/README.xtensa → doc/arch/xtensa.rst
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@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
U-Boot for the Xtensa Architecture
==================================
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
Xtensa
======
Xtensa Architecture and Diamond Cores
-------------------------------------
@ -35,15 +37,16 @@ directory. The name of that directory starts with 'arch-' followed by
the name for the processor configuration, for example, arch-dc233c for
the Diamond DC233 processor.
core.h Definitions for the core itself.
core.h:
Definitions for the core itself.
The following files are part of the overlay but not used by U-Boot.
tie.h Co-processors and custom extensions defined
in the Tensilica Instruction Extension (TIE)
language.
tie-asm.h Assembly macros to access custom-defined registers
and states.
tie.h:
Co-processors and custom extensions defined in the Tensilica Instruction
Extension (TIE) language.
tie-asm.h:
Assembly macros to access custom-defined registers and states.
Global Data Pointer, Exported Function Stubs, and the ABI
@ -92,6 +95,5 @@ U-Boot for Xtensa provides a special memory exception handler that
reports such access attempts and resets the board.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Chris Zankel
Ross Morley
.. Chris Zankel
.. Ross Morley

26
doc/README.ag101p → doc/board/AndesTech/adp-ag101p.rst
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@ -1,18 +1,21 @@
Andes Technology SoC AG101P
===========================
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
ADP-AG101P
==========
ADP-AG101P is the SoC with AG101 hardcore CPU.
AG101P SoC
----------
AG101P is the mainline SoC produced by Andes Technology using N1213 CPU core
with FPU and DDR contoller support.
AG101P has integrated both AHB and APB bus and many periphals for application
and product development.
ADP-AG101P
=========
ADP-AG101P is the SoC with AG101 hardcore CPU.
Configurations
==============
--------------
CONFIG_MEM_REMAP:
Doing memory remap is essential for preparing some non-OS or RTOS
@ -24,13 +27,14 @@ CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT:
in "include/configs/adp-ag101p.h".
Build and boot steps
====================
--------------------
Build:
build:
1. Prepare the toolchains and make sure the $PATH to toolchains is correct.
2. Use `make adp-ag101p_defconfig` in u-boot root to build the image.
Burn u-boot to SPI ROM:
====================
Burn U-Boot to SPI ROM
----------------------
This section will be added later.

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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
AX25-AE350
==========
AE350 is the mainline SoC produced by Andes Technology using AX25 CPU core
base on RISC-V architecture.
AE350 has integrated both AHB and APB bus and many periphals for application
and product development.
AX25-AE350 is the SoC with AE350 hardcore CPU.
AX25 is Andes CPU IP to adopt RISC-V architecture.
AX25 Features
-------------
CPU Core
- 5-stage in-order execution pipeline
- Hardware Multiplier
- radix-2/radix-4/radix-16/radix-256/fast
- Hardware Divider
- Optional branch prediction
- Machine mode and optional user mode
- Optional performance monitoring
ISA
- RV64I base integer instructions
- RVC for 16-bit compressed instructions
- RVM for multiplication and division instructions
Memory subsystem
- I & D local memory
- Size: 4KB to 16MB
- Memory subsyetem soft-error protection
- Protection scheme: parity-checking or error-checking-and-correction (ECC)
- Automatic hardware error correction
Bus
- Interface Protocol
- Synchronous AHB (32-bit/64-bit data-width), or
- Synchronous AXI4 (64-bit data-width)
Power management
- Wait for interrupt (WFI) mode
Debug
- Configurable number of breakpoints: 2/4/8
- External Debug Module
- AHB slave port
- External JTAG debug transport module
Platform Level Interrupt Controller (PLIC)
- AHB slave port
- Configurable number of interrupts: 1-1023
- Configurable number of interrupt priorities: 3/7/15/63/127/255
- Configurable number of targets: 1-16
- Preempted interrupt priority stack
Configurations
--------------
CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT:
If you want to boot this system from SPI ROM and bypass e-bios (the
other boot loader on ROM). You should undefine CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT
in "include/configs/ax25-ae350.h".
Build and boot steps
--------------------
Build:
1. Prepare the toolchains and make sure the $PATH to toolchains is correct.
2. Use `make ae350_rv[32|64]_defconfig` in u-boot root to build the image for
32 or 64 bit.
Verification:
1. startup
2. relocation
3. timer driver
4. uart driver
5. mac driver
6. mmc driver
7. spi driver
Steps
-----
1. Define CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT to build u-boot which is loaded via gdb from ram.
2. Undefine CONFIG_SKIP_LOWLEVEL_INIT to build u-boot which is booted from spi rom.
3. Ping a server by mac driver
4. Scan sd card and copy u-boot image which is booted from flash to ram by sd driver.
5. Burn this u-boot image to spi rom by spi driver
6. Re-boot u-boot from spi flash with power off and power on.
Messages of U-Boot boot on AE350 board
--------------------------------------
.. code-block:: none
U-Boot 2018.01-rc2-00033-g824f89a (Dec 21 2017 - 16:51:26 +0800)
DRAM: 1 GiB
MMC: mmc@f0e00000: 0
SF: Detected mx25u1635e with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 2 MiB
In: serial@f0300000
Out: serial@f0300000
Err: serial@f0300000
Net:
Warning: mac@e0100000 (eth0) using random MAC address - be:dd:d7:e4:e8:10
eth0: mac@e0100000
RISC-V # version
U-Boot 2018.01-rc2-00033-gb265b91-dirty (Dec 22 2017 - 13:54:21 +0800)
riscv32-unknown-linux-gnu-gcc (GCC) 7.2.0
GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.29
RISC-V # setenv ipaddr 10.0.4.200 ;
RISC-V # setenv serverip 10.0.4.97 ;
RISC-V # ping 10.0.4.97 ;
Using mac@e0100000 device
host 10.0.4.97 is alive
RISC-V # mmc rescan
RISC-V # fatls mmc 0:1
318907 u-boot-ae350-64.bin
1252 hello_world_ae350_32.bin
328787 u-boot-ae350-32.bin
3 file(s), 0 dir(s)
RISC-V # sf probe 0:0 50000000 0
SF: Detected mx25u1635e with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 2 MiB
RISC-V # sf test 0x100000 0x1000
SPI flash test:
0 erase: 36 ticks, 111 KiB/s 0.888 Mbps
1 check: 29 ticks, 137 KiB/s 1.096 Mbps
2 write: 40 ticks, 100 KiB/s 0.800 Mbps
3 read: 20 ticks, 200 KiB/s 1.600 Mbps
Test passed
0 erase: 36 ticks, 111 KiB/s 0.888 Mbps
1 check: 29 ticks, 137 KiB/s 1.096 Mbps
2 write: 40 ticks, 100 KiB/s 0.800 Mbps
3 read: 20 ticks, 200 KiB/s 1.600 Mbps
RISC-V # fatload mmc 0:1 0x600000 u-boot-ae350-32.bin
reading u-boot-ae350-32.bin
328787 bytes read in 324 ms (990.2 KiB/s)
RISC-V # sf erase 0x0 0x51000
SF: 331776 bytes @ 0x0 Erased: OK
RISC-V # sf write 0x600000 0x0 0x50453
device 0 offset 0x0, size 0x50453
SF: 328787 bytes @ 0x0 Written: OK
RISC-V # crc32 0x600000 0x50453
crc32 for 00600000 ... 00650452 ==> 692dc44a
RISC-V # crc32 0x80000000 0x50453
crc32 for 80000000 ... 80050452 ==> 692dc44a
RISC-V #
*** power-off and power-on, this U-Boot is booted from spi flash ***
U-Boot 2018.01-rc2-00032-gf67dd47-dirty (Dec 21 2017 - 13:56:03 +0800)
DRAM: 1 GiB
MMC: mmc@f0e00000: 0
SF: Detected mx25u1635e with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 2 MiB
In: serial@f0300000
Out: serial@f0300000
Err: serial@f0300000
Net:
Warning: mac@e0100000 (eth0) using random MAC address - ee:4c:58:29:32:f5
eth0: mac@e0100000
RISC-V #
Boot bbl and riscv-linux via U-Boot on QEMU
-------------------------------------------
1. Build riscv-linux
2. Build bbl and riscv-linux with --with-payload
3. Prepare ae350.dtb
4. Creating OS-kernel images
.. code-block:: none
./mkimage -A riscv -O linux -T kernel -C none -a 0x0000 -e 0x0000 -d bbl.bin bootmImage-bbl.bin
Image Name:
Created: Tue Mar 13 10:06:42 2018
Image Type: RISC-V Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
Data Size: 17901204 Bytes = 17481.64 KiB = 17.07 MiB
Load Address: 00000000
Entry Point: 00000000
5. Copy bootmImage-bbl.bin and ae350.dtb to qemu sd card image
6. Message of booting riscv-linux from bbl via u-boot on qemu
.. code-block:: none
U-Boot 2018.03-rc4-00031-g2631273 (Mar 13 2018 - 15:02:55 +0800)
DRAM: 1 GiB
main-loop: WARNING: I/O thread spun for 1000 iterations
MMC: mmc@f0e00000: 0
Loading Environment from SPI Flash... *** Warning - spi_flash_probe_bus_cs() failed, using default environment
Failed (-22)
In: serial@f0300000
Out: serial@f0300000
Err: serial@f0300000
Net:
Warning: mac@e0100000 (eth0) using random MAC address - 02:00:00:00:00:00
eth0: mac@e0100000
RISC-V # mmc rescan
RISC-V # mmc part
Partition Map for MMC device 0 -- Partition Type: DOS
Part Start Sector Num Sectors UUID Type
RISC-V # fatls mmc 0:0
17901268 bootmImage-bbl.bin
1954 ae2xx.dtb
2 file(s), 0 dir(s)
RISC-V # fatload mmc 0:0 0x00600000 bootmImage-bbl.bin
17901268 bytes read in 4642 ms (3.7 MiB/s)
RISC-V # fatload mmc 0:0 0x2000000 ae350.dtb
1954 bytes read in 1 ms (1.9 MiB/s)
RISC-V # setenv bootm_size 0x2000000
RISC-V # setenv fdt_high 0x1f00000
RISC-V # bootm 0x00600000 - 0x2000000
## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 00600000 ...
Image Name:
Image Type: RISC-V Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
Data Size: 17901204 Bytes = 17.1 MiB
Load Address: 00000000
Entry Point: 00000000
Verifying Checksum ... OK
## Flattened Device Tree blob at 02000000
Booting using the fdt blob at 0x2000000
Loading Kernel Image ... OK
Loading Device Tree to 0000000001efc000, end 0000000001eff7a1 ... OK
[ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Ignoring memory range 0x0 - 0x200000
[ 0.000000] Linux version 4.14.0-00046-gf3e439f-dirty (rick@atcsqa06) (gcc version 7.1.1 20170509 (GCC)) #1 Tue Jan 9 16:34:25 CST 2018
[ 0.000000] bootconsole [early0] enabled
[ 0.000000] Initial ramdisk at: 0xffffffe000016a98 (12267008 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Zone ranges:
[ 0.000000] DMA [mem 0x0000000000200000-0x000000007fffffff]
[ 0.000000] Normal empty
[ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000000200000-0x000000007fffffff]
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000000200000-0x000000007fffffff]
[ 0.000000] elf_hwcap is 0x112d
[ 0.000000] random: fast init done
[ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 516615
[ 0.000000] Kernel command line: console=ttyS0,38400n8 earlyprintk=uart8250-32bit,0xf0300000 debug loglevel=7
[ 0.000000] PID hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 262144 (order: 9, 2097152 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 131072 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Sorting __ex_table...
[ 0.000000] Memory: 2047832K/2095104K available (1856K kernel code, 204K rwdata, 532K rodata, 12076K init, 756K bss, 47272K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
[ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
[ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: 0, nr_irqs: 0, preallocated irqs: 0
[ 0.000000] riscv,cpu_intc,0: 64 local interrupts mapped
[ 0.000000] riscv,plic0,e4000000: mapped 31 interrupts to 1/2 handlers
[ 0.000000] clocksource: riscv_clocksource: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x24e6a1710, max_idle_ns: 440795202120 ns
[ 0.000000] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 20.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=40000)
[ 0.000000] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[ 0.004000] Mount-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[ 0.004000] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[ 0.056000] devtmpfs: initialized
[ 0.060000] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 7645041785100000 ns
[ 0.064000] futex hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 6144 bytes)
[ 0.068000] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[ 0.080000] vgaarb: loaded
[ 0.084000] clocksource: Switched to clocksource riscv_clocksource
[ 0.088000] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[ 0.092000] TCP established hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 0.096000] TCP bind hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 0.096000] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 16384 bind 16384)
[ 0.100000] UDP hash table entries: 1024 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[ 0.100000] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 1024 (order: 3, 32768 bytes)
[ 0.104000] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[ 0.616000] Unpacking initramfs...
[ 1.220000] workingset: timestamp_bits=62 max_order=19 bucket_order=0
[ 1.244000] io scheduler noop registered
[ 1.244000] io scheduler cfq registered (default)
[ 1.244000] io scheduler mq-deadline registered
[ 1.248000] io scheduler kyber registered
[ 1.360000] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing disabled
[ 1.368000] console [ttyS0] disabled
[ 1.372000] f0300000.serial: ttyS0 at MMIO 0xf0300020 (irq = 10, base_baud = 1228800) is a 16550A
[ 1.392000] console [ttyS0] enabled
[ 1.392000] ftmac100: Loading version 0.2 ...
[ 1.396000] ftmac100 e0100000.mac eth0: irq 8, mapped at ffffffd002005000
[ 1.400000] ftmac100 e0100000.mac eth0: generated random MAC address 6e:ac:c3:92:36:c0
[ 1.404000] IR NEC protocol handler initialized
[ 1.404000] IR RC5(x/sz) protocol handler initialized
[ 1.404000] IR RC6 protocol handler initialized
[ 1.404000] IR JVC protocol handler initialized
[ 1.408000] IR Sony protocol handler initialized
[ 1.408000] IR SANYO protocol handler initialized
[ 1.408000] IR Sharp protocol handler initialized
[ 1.408000] IR MCE Keyboard/mouse protocol handler initialized
[ 1.412000] IR XMP protocol handler initialized
[ 1.456000] ftsdc010 f0e00000.mmc: mmc0 - using hw SDIO IRQ
[ 1.464000] bootconsole [early0] uses init memory and must be disabled even before the real one is ready
[ 1.464000] bootconsole [early0] disabled
[ 1.508000] Freeing unused kernel memory: 12076K
[ 1.512000] This architecture does not have kernel memory protection.
[ 1.520000] mmc0: new SD card at address 4567
[ 1.524000] mmcblk0: mmc0:4567 QEMU! 20.0 MiB
[ 1.844000] mmcblk0:
Wed Dec 1 10:00:00 CST 2010
/ #
TODO
----
Boot bbl and riscv-linux via U-Boot on AE350 board

192
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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
AT91 Evaluation kits
====================
Board mapping & boot media
--------------------------
AT91SAM9260EK, AT91SAM9G20EK & AT91SAM9XEEK
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Memory map::
0x20000000 - 23FFFFFF SDRAM (64 MB)
0xC0000000 - Cxxxxxxx Atmel Dataflash card (J13)
0xD0000000 - D07FFFFF Soldered Atmel Dataflash (AT45DB642)
Environment variables
U-Boot environment variables can be stored at different places:
- Dataflash on SPI chip select 1 (default)
- Dataflash on SPI chip select 0 (dataflash card)
- Nand flash
You can choose your storage location at config step (here for at91sam9260ek)::
make at91sam9260ek_nandflash_config - use nand flash
make at91sam9260ek_dataflash_cs0_config - use data flash (spi cs0)
make at91sam9260ek_dataflash_cs1_config - use data flash (spi cs1)
AT91SAM9261EK, AT91SAM9G10EK
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Memory map::
0x20000000 - 23FFFFFF SDRAM (64 MB)
0xC0000000 - C07FFFFF Soldered Atmel Dataflash (AT45DB642)
0xD0000000 - Dxxxxxxx Atmel Dataflash card (J22)
Environment variables
U-Boot environment variables can be stored at different places:
- Dataflash on SPI chip select 0 (default)
- Dataflash on SPI chip select 3 (dataflash card)
- Nand flash
You can choose your storage location at config step (here for at91sam9260ek)::
make at91sam9261ek_nandflash_config - use nand flash
make at91sam9261ek_dataflash_cs0_config - use data flash (spi cs0)
make at91sam9261ek_dataflash_cs3_config - use data flash (spi cs3)
AT91SAM9263EK
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Memory map::
0x20000000 - 23FFFFFF SDRAM (64 MB)
0xC0000000 - Cxxxxxxx Atmel Dataflash card (J9)
Environment variables
U-Boot environment variables can be stored at different places:
- Dataflash on SPI chip select 0 (dataflash card)
- Nand flash
- Nor flash (not populate by default)
You can choose your storage location at config step (here for at91sam9260ek)::
make at91sam9263ek_nandflash_config - use nand flash
make at91sam9263ek_dataflash_cs0_config - use data flash (spi cs0)
make at91sam9263ek_norflash_config - use nor flash
You can choose to boot directly from U-Boot at config step::
make at91sam9263ek_norflash_boot_config - boot from nor flash
AT91SAM9M10G45EK
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Memory map::
0x70000000 - 77FFFFFF SDRAM (128 MB)
Environment variables
U-Boot environment variables can be stored at different places:
- Nand flash
You can choose your storage location at config step (here for at91sam9m10g45ek)::
make at91sam9m10g45ek_nandflash_config - use nand flash
AT91SAM9RLEK
^^^^^^^^^^^^
Memory map::
0x20000000 - 23FFFFFF SDRAM (64 MB)
0xC0000000 - C07FFFFF Soldered Atmel Dataflash (AT45DB642)
Environment variables
U-Boot environment variables can be stored at different places:
- Dataflash on SPI chip select 0
- Nand flash.
You can choose your storage location at config step (here for at91sam9rlek)::
make at91sam9rlek_nandflash_config - use nand flash
AT91SAM9N12EK, AT91SAM9X5EK
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Memory map::
0x20000000 - 27FFFFFF SDRAM (128 MB)
Environment variables
U-Boot environment variables can be stored at different places:
- Nand flash
- SD/MMC card
- Serialflash/Dataflash on SPI chip select 0
You can choose your storage location at config step (here for at91sam9x5ek)::
make at91sam9x5ek_dataflash_config - use data flash
make at91sam9x5ek_mmc_config - use sd/mmc card
make at91sam9x5ek_nandflash_config - use nand flash
make at91sam9x5ek_spiflash_config - use serial flash
SAMA5D3XEK
^^^^^^^^^^
Memory map::
0x20000000 - 3FFFFFFF SDRAM (512 MB)
Environment variables
U-Boot environment variables can be stored at different places:
- Nand flash
- SD/MMC card
- Serialflash on SPI chip select 0
You can choose your storage location at config step (here for sama5d3xek)::
make sama5d3xek_mmc_config - use SD/MMC card
make sama5d3xek_nandflash_config - use nand flash
make sama5d3xek_serialflash_config - use serial flash
NAND partition table
--------------------
All the board support boot from NAND flash will use the following NAND
partition table::
0x00000000 - 0x0003FFFF bootstrap (256 KiB)
0x00040000 - 0x000BFFFF u-boot (512 KiB)
0x000C0000 - 0x000FFFFF env (256 KiB)
0x00100000 - 0x0013FFFF env_redundant (256 KiB)
0x00140000 - 0x0017FFFF spare (256 KiB)
0x00180000 - 0x001FFFFF dtb (512 KiB)
0x00200000 - 0x007FFFFF kernel (6 MiB)
0x00800000 - 0xxxxxxxxx rootfs (All left)
Watchdog support
----------------
For security reasons, the at91 watchdog is running at boot time and,
if deactivated, cannot be used anymore.
If you want to use the watchdog, you will need to keep it running in
your code (make sure not to disable it in AT91Bootstrap for instance).
In the U-Boot configuration, the AT91 watchdog support is enabled using
the CONFIG_WDT and CONFIG_WDT_AT91 options.

42
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@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. sectionauthor:: Bin Meng <bmeng.cn@gmail.com>
Coreboot
========
Build Instructions for U-Boot as coreboot payload
-------------------------------------------------
Building U-Boot as a coreboot payload is just like building U-Boot for targets
on other architectures, like below::
$ make coreboot_defconfig
$ make all
Test with coreboot
------------------
For testing U-Boot as the coreboot payload, there are things that need be paid
attention to. coreboot supports loading an ELF executable and a 32-bit plain
binary, as well as other supported payloads. With the default configuration,
U-Boot is set up to use a separate Device Tree Blob (dtb). As of today, the
generated u-boot-dtb.bin needs to be packaged by the cbfstool utility (a tool
provided by coreboot) manually as coreboot's 'make menuconfig' does not provide
this capability yet. The command is as follows::
# in the coreboot root directory
$ ./build/util/cbfstool/cbfstool build/coreboot.rom add-flat-binary \
-f u-boot-dtb.bin -n fallback/payload -c lzma -l 0x1110000 -e 0x1110000
Make sure 0x1110000 matches CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE, which is the symbol address
of _x86boot_start (in arch/x86/cpu/start.S).
If you want to use ELF as the coreboot payload, change U-Boot configuration to
use CONFIG_OF_EMBED instead of CONFIG_OF_SEPARATE.
To enable video you must enable these options in coreboot:
- Set framebuffer graphics resolution (1280x1024 32k-color (1:5:5))
- Keep VESA framebuffer
At present it seems that for Minnowboard Max, coreboot does not pass through
the video information correctly (it always says the resolution is 0x0). This
works correctly for link though.

9
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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
Coreboot
========
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
coreboot

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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
Emulation
=========
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
qemu-arm
qemu-mips
qemu-riscv
qemu-x86

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# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
#
# Copyright (C) 2017, Tuomas Tynkkynen <tuomas.tynkkynen@iki.fi>
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. Copyright (C) 2017, Tuomas Tynkkynen <tuomas.tynkkynen@iki.fi>
U-Boot on QEMU's 'virt' machine on ARM & AArch64
================================================
QEMU ARM
========
QEMU for ARM supports a special 'virt' machine designed for emulation and
virtualization purposes. This document describes how to run U-Boot under it.
@ -26,11 +25,13 @@ Building U-Boot
---------------
Set the CROSS_COMPILE environment variable as usual, and run:
- For ARM:
- For ARM::
make qemu_arm_defconfig
make
- For AArch64:
- For AArch64::
make qemu_arm64_defconfig
make
@ -38,31 +39,44 @@ Running U-Boot
--------------
The minimal QEMU command line to get U-Boot up and running is:
- For ARM:
- For ARM::
qemu-system-arm -machine virt -bios u-boot.bin
- For AArch64:
- For AArch64::
qemu-system-aarch64 -machine virt -cpu cortex-a57 -bios u-boot.bin
Note that for some odd reason qemu-system-aarch64 needs to be explicitly
told to use a 64-bit CPU or it will boot in 32-bit mode.
Additional persistent U-boot environment support can be added as follows:
- Create envstore.img using qemu-img:
- Create envstore.img using qemu-img::
qemu-img create -f raw envstore.img 64M
- Add a pflash drive parameter to the command line:
- Add a pflash drive parameter to the command line::
-drive if=pflash,format=raw,index=1,file=envstore.img
Additional peripherals that have been tested to work in both U-Boot and Linux
can be enabled with the following command line parameters:
- To add a Serial ATA disk via an Intel ICH9 AHCI controller, pass e.g.:
- To add a Serial ATA disk via an Intel ICH9 AHCI controller, pass e.g.::
-drive if=none,file=disk.img,id=mydisk -device ich9-ahci,id=ahci -device ide-drive,drive=mydisk,bus=ahci.0
- To add an Intel E1000 network adapter, pass e.g.:
- To add an Intel E1000 network adapter, pass e.g.::
-netdev user,id=net0 -device e1000,netdev=net0
- To add an EHCI-compliant USB host controller, pass e.g.:
- To add an EHCI-compliant USB host controller, pass e.g.::
-device usb-ehci,id=ehci
- To add a NVMe disk, pass e.g.:
- To add a NVMe disk, pass e.g.::
-drive if=none,file=disk.img,id=mydisk -device nvme,drive=mydisk,serial=foo
These have been tested in QEMU 2.9.0 but should work in at least 2.5.0 as well.

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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. sectionauthor:: Vlad Lungu <vlad.lungu@windriver.com>
QEMU MIPS
=========
Qemu is a full system emulator. See http://www.nongnu.org/qemu/
Limitations & comments
----------------------
Supports the "-M mips" configuration of qemu: serial,NE2000,IDE.
Supports little and big endian as well as 32 bit and 64 bit.
Derived from au1x00 with a lot of things cut out.
Supports emulated flash (patch Jean-Christophe PLAGNIOL-VILLARD) with
recent qemu versions. When using emulated flash, launch with
-pflash <filename> and erase mips_bios.bin.
Notes for the Qemu MIPS port
----------------------------
Example usage
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Using u-boot.bin as ROM (replaces Qemu monitor):
32 bit, big endian::
# make qemu_mips
# qemu-system-mips -M mips -bios u-boot.bin -nographic
32 bit, little endian::
# make qemu_mipsel
# qemu-system-mipsel -M mips -bios u-boot.bin -nographic
64 bit, big endian::
# make qemu_mips64
# qemu-system-mips64 -cpu MIPS64R2-generic -M mips -bios u-boot.bin -nographic
64 bit, little endian::
# make qemu_mips64el
# qemu-system-mips64el -cpu MIPS64R2-generic -M mips -bios u-boot.bin -nographic
or using u-boot.bin from emulated flash:
if you use a qemu version after commit 4224
.. code-block:: none
create image:
# dd of=flash bs=1k count=4k if=/dev/zero
# dd of=flash bs=1k conv=notrunc if=u-boot.bin
start it (see above):
# qemu-system-mips[64][el] [-cpu MIPS64R2-generic] -M mips -pflash flash -nographic
Download kernel + initrd
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
On ftp://ftp.denx.de/pub/contrib/Jean-Christophe_Plagniol-Villard/qemu_mips/
you can downland::
#config to build the kernel
qemu_mips_defconfig
#patch to fix mips interrupt init on 2.6.24.y kernel
qemu_mips_kernel.patch
initrd.gz
vmlinux
vmlinux.bin
System.map
Generate uImage
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
.. code-block:: none
# tools/mkimage -A mips -O linux -T kernel -C gzip -a 0x80010000 -e 0x80245650 -n "Linux 2.6.24.y" -d vmlinux.bin.gz uImage
Copy uImage to Flash
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
.. code-block:: none
# dd if=uImage bs=1k conv=notrunc seek=224 of=flash
Generate Ide Disk
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
.. code-block:: none
# dd of=ide bs=1k cout=100k if=/dev/zero
# sfdisk -C 261 -d ide
# partition table of ide
unit: sectors
ide1 : start= 63, size= 32067, Id=83
ide2 : start= 32130, size= 32130, Id=83
ide3 : start= 64260, size= 4128705, Id=83
ide4 : start= 0, size= 0, Id= 0
Copy to ide
^^^^^^^^^^^
.. code-block:: none
# dd if=uImage bs=512 conv=notrunc seek=63 of=ide
Generate ext2 on part 2 on Copy uImage and initrd.gz
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
.. code-block:: none
# Attached as loop device ide offset = 32130 * 512
# losetup -o 16450560 -f ide
# Format as ext2 ( arg2 : nb blocks)
# mke2fs /dev/loop0 16065
# losetup -d /dev/loop0
# Mount and copy uImage and initrd.gz to it
# mount -o loop,offset=16450560 -t ext2 ide /mnt
# mkdir /mnt/boot
# cp {initrd.gz,uImage} /mnt/boot/
# Umount it
# umount /mnt
Set Environment
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
.. code-block:: none
setenv rd_start 0x80800000
setenv rd_size 2663940
setenv kernel BFC38000
setenv oad_addr 80500000
setenv load_addr2 80F00000
setenv kernel_flash BFC38000
setenv load_addr_hello 80200000
setenv bootargs 'root=/dev/ram0 init=/bin/sh'
setenv load_rd_ext2 'ide res; ext2load ide 0:2 ${rd_start} /boot/initrd.gz'
setenv load_rd_tftp 'tftp ${rd_start} /initrd.gz'
setenv load_kernel_hda 'ide res; diskboot ${load_addr} 0:2'
setenv load_kernel_ext2 'ide res; ext2load ide 0:2 ${load_addr} /boot/uImage'
setenv load_kernel_tftp 'tftp ${load_addr} /qemu_mips/uImage'
setenv boot_ext2_ext2 'run load_rd_ext2; run load_kernel_ext2; run addmisc; bootm ${load_addr}'
setenv boot_ext2_flash 'run load_rd_ext2; run addmisc; bootm ${kernel_flash}'
setenv boot_ext2_hda 'run load_rd_ext2; run load_kernel_hda; run addmisc; bootm ${load_addr}'
setenv boot_ext2_tftp 'run load_rd_ext2; run load_kernel_tftp; run addmisc; bootm ${load_addr}'
setenv boot_tftp_hda 'run load_rd_tftp; run load_kernel_hda; run addmisc; bootm ${load_addr}'
setenv boot_tftp_ext2 'run load_rd_tftp; run load_kernel_ext2; run addmisc; bootm ${load_addr}'
setenv boot_tftp_flash 'run load_rd_tftp; run addmisc; bootm ${kernel_flash}'
setenv boot_tftp_tftp 'run load_rd_tftp; run load_kernel_tftp; run addmisc; bootm ${load_addr}'
setenv load_hello_tftp 'tftp ${load_addr_hello} /examples/hello_world.bin'
setenv go_tftp 'run load_hello_tftp; go ${load_addr_hello}'
setenv addmisc 'setenv bootargs ${bootargs} console=ttyS0,${baudrate} rd_start=${rd_start} rd_size=${rd_size} ethaddr=${ethaddr}'
setenv bootcmd 'run boot_tftp_flash'
Now you can boot from flash, ide, ide+ext2 and tfp::
# qemu-system-mips -M mips -pflash flash -monitor null -nographic -net nic -net user -tftp `pwd` -hda ide
How to debug U-Boot
-------------------
In order to debug U-Boot you need to start qemu with gdb server support (-s)
and waiting the connection to start the CPU (-S)
.. code-block:: none
# qemu-system-mips -S -s -M mips -pflash flash -monitor null -nographic -net nic -net user -tftp `pwd` -hda ide
in an other console you start gdb
Debugging of U-Boot Before Relocation
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Before relocation, the addresses in the ELF file can be used without any problems
by connecting to the gdb server localhost:1234
.. code-block:: none
# mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu-gdb u-boot
GNU gdb 6.6
Copyright (C) 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
GDB is free software, covered by the GNU General Public License, and you are
welcome to change it and/or distribute copies of it under certain conditions.
Type "show copying" to see the conditions.
There is absolutely no warranty for GDB. Type "show warranty" for details.
This GDB was configured as "--host=i486-linux-gnu --target=mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu"...
(gdb) target remote localhost:1234
Remote debugging using localhost:1234
_start () at start.S:64
64 RVECENT(reset,0) /* U-Boot entry point */
Current language: auto; currently asm
(gdb) b board.c:289
Breakpoint 1 at 0xbfc00cc8: file board.c, line 289.
(gdb) c
Continuing.
Breakpoint 1, board_init_f (bootflag=<value optimized out>) at board.c:290
290 relocate_code (addr_sp, id, addr);
Current language: auto; currently c
(gdb) p/x addr
$1 = 0x87fa0000
Debugging of U-Boot After Relocation
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
For debugging U-Boot after relocation we need to know the address to which
U-Boot relocates itself to 0x87fa0000 by default.
And replace the symbol table to this offset.
.. code-block:: none
(gdb) symbol-file
Discard symbol table from `/private/u-boot-arm/u-boot'? (y or n) y
Error in re-setting breakpoint 1:
No symbol table is loaded. Use the "file" command.
No symbol file now.
(gdb) add-symbol-file u-boot 0x87fa0000
add symbol table from file "u-boot" at
.text_addr = 0x87fa0000
(y or n) y
Reading symbols from /private/u-boot-arm/u-boot...done.
Breakpoint 1 at 0x87fa0cc8: file board.c, line 289.
(gdb) c
Continuing.
Program received signal SIGINT, Interrupt.
0xffffffff87fa0de4 in udelay (usec=<value optimized out>) at time.c:78
78 while ((tmo - read_c0_count()) < 0x7fffffff)

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@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
#
# Copyright (C) 2018, Bin Meng <bmeng.cn@gmail.com>
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. Copyright (C) 2018, Bin Meng <bmeng.cn@gmail.com>
U-Boot on QEMU's 'virt' machine on RISC-V
=========================================
QEMU RISC-V
===========
QEMU for RISC-V supports a special 'virt' machine designed for emulation and
virtualization purposes. This document describes how to run U-Boot under it.
@ -19,11 +18,13 @@ Building U-Boot
---------------
Set the CROSS_COMPILE environment variable as usual, and run:
- For 32-bit RISC-V:
- For 32-bit RISC-V::
make qemu-riscv32_defconfig
make
- For 64-bit RISC-V:
- For 64-bit RISC-V::
make qemu-riscv64_defconfig
make
@ -31,10 +32,12 @@ Running U-Boot
--------------
The minimal QEMU command line to get U-Boot up and running is:
- For 32-bit RISC-V:
- For 32-bit RISC-V::
qemu-system-riscv32 -nographic -machine virt -kernel u-boot
- For 64-bit RISC-V:
- For 64-bit RISC-V::
qemu-system-riscv64 -nographic -machine virt -kernel u-boot
The commands above create targets with 128MiB memory by default.

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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. sectionauthor:: Bin Meng <bmeng.cn@gmail.com>
QEMU x86
========
Build instructions for bare mode
--------------------------------
To build u-boot.rom for QEMU x86 targets, just simply run::
$ make qemu-x86_defconfig (for 32-bit)
$ make qemu-x86_64_defconfig (for 64-bit)
$ make all
Note this default configuration will build a U-Boot for the QEMU x86 i440FX
board. To build a U-Boot against QEMU x86 Q35 board, you can change the build
configuration during the 'make menuconfig' process like below::
Device Tree Control --->
...
(qemu-x86_q35) Default Device Tree for DT control
Test with QEMU for bare mode
----------------------------
QEMU is a fancy emulator that can enable us to test U-Boot without access to
a real x86 board. Please make sure your QEMU version is 2.3.0 or above test
U-Boot. To launch QEMU with u-boot.rom, call QEMU as follows::
$ qemu-system-i386 -nographic -bios path/to/u-boot.rom
This will instantiate an emulated x86 board with i440FX and PIIX chipset. QEMU
also supports emulating an x86 board with Q35 and ICH9 based chipset, which is
also supported by U-Boot. To instantiate such a machine, call QEMU with::
$ qemu-system-i386 -nographic -bios path/to/u-boot.rom -M q35
Note by default QEMU instantiated boards only have 128 MiB system memory. But
it is enough to have U-Boot boot and function correctly. You can increase the
system memory by pass '-m' parameter to QEMU if you want more memory::
$ qemu-system-i386 -nographic -bios path/to/u-boot.rom -m 1024
This creates a board with 1 GiB system memory. Currently U-Boot for QEMU only
supports 3 GiB maximum system memory and reserves the last 1 GiB address space
for PCI device memory-mapped I/O and other stuff, so the maximum value of '-m'
would be 3072.
QEMU emulates a graphic card which U-Boot supports. Removing '-nographic' will
show QEMU's VGA console window. Note this will disable QEMU's serial output.
If you want to check both consoles, use '-serial stdio'.
Multicore is also supported by QEMU via '-smp n' where n is the number of cores
to instantiate. Note, the maximum supported CPU number in QEMU is 255.
The fw_cfg interface in QEMU also provides information about kernel data,
initrd, command-line arguments and more. U-Boot supports directly accessing
these informtion from fw_cfg interface, which saves the time of loading them
from hard disk or network again, through emulated devices. To use it , simply
providing them in QEMU command line::
$ qemu-system-i386 -nographic -bios path/to/u-boot.rom -m 1024 \
-kernel /path/to/bzImage -append 'root=/dev/ram console=ttyS0' \
-initrd /path/to/initrd -smp 8
Note: -initrd and -smp are both optional
Then start QEMU, in U-Boot command line use the following U-Boot command to
setup kernel::
=> qfw
qfw - QEMU firmware interface
Usage:
qfw <command>
- list : print firmware(s) currently loaded
- cpus : print online cpu number
- load <kernel addr> <initrd addr> : load kernel and initrd (if any) and setup for zboot
=> qfw load
loading kernel to address 01000000 size 5d9d30 initrd 04000000 size 1b1ab50
Here the kernel (bzImage) is loaded to 01000000 and initrd is to 04000000. Then,
'zboot' can be used to boot the kernel::
=> zboot 01000000 - 04000000 1b1ab50
To run 64-bit U-Boot, qemu-system-x86_64 should be used instead, e.g.::
$ qemu-system-x86_64 -nographic -bios path/to/u-boot.rom
A specific CPU can be specified via the '-cpu' parameter but please make
sure the specified CPU supports 64-bit like '-cpu core2duo'. Conversely
'-cpu pentium' won't work for obvious reasons that the processor only
supports 32-bit.
Note 64-bit support is very preliminary at this point. Lots of features
are missing in the 64-bit world. One notable feature is the VGA console
support which is currently missing, so that you must specify '-nographic'
to get 64-bit U-Boot up and running.

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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
B4860QDS
========
The B4860QDS is a Freescale reference board that hosts the B4860 SoC
(and variants).
B4860 Overview
--------------
The B4860 QorIQ Qonverge device is a Freescale high-end, multicore SoC based on
StarCore and Power Architecture® cores. It targets the broadband wireless
infrastructure and builds upon the proven success of the existing multicore
DSPs and Power CPUs. It is designed to bolster the rapidly changing and
expanding wireless markets, such as 3GLTE (FDD and TDD), LTE-Advanced, and UMTS.
The B4860 is a highly-integrated StarCore and Power Architecture processor that
contains:
* Six fully-programmable StarCore SC3900 FVP subsystems, divided into three
clusters-each core runs up to 1.2 GHz, with an architecture highly optimized
for wireless base station applications
* Four dual-thread e6500 Power Architecture processors organized in one
cluster-each core runs up to 1.8 GHz
* Two DDR3/3L controllers for high-speed, industry-standard memory interface
each runs at up to 1866.67 MHz
* MAPLE-B3 hardware acceleration-for forward error correction schemes including
Turbo or Viterbi decoding, Turbo encoding and rate matching, MIMO MMSE
equalization scheme, matrix operations, CRC insertion and check, DFT/iDFT and
FFT/iFFT calculations, PUSCH/PDSCH acceleration, and UMTS chip rate
acceleration
* CoreNet fabric that fully supports coherency using MESI protocol between the
e6500 cores, SC3900 FVP cores, memories and external interfaces.
CoreNet fabric interconnect runs at 667 MHz and supports coherent and
non-coherent out of order transactions with prioritization and bandwidth
allocation amongst CoreNet endpoints.
* Data Path Acceleration Architecture, which includes the following:
* Frame Manager (FMan), which supports in-line packet parsing and general
classification to enable policing and QoS-based packet distribution
* Queue Manager (QMan) and Buffer Manager (BMan), which allow offloading
of queue management, task management, load distribution, flow ordering,
buffer management, and allocation tasks from the cores
* Security engine (SEC 5.3)-crypto-acceleration for protocols such as
IPsec, SSL, and 802.16
* RapidIO manager (RMAN) - Support SRIO types 8, 9, 10, and 11 (inbound
and outbound). Supports types 5, 6 (outbound only)
* Large internal cache memory with snooping and stashing capabilities for
bandwidth saving and high utilization of processor elements. The 9856-Kbyte
internal memory space includes the following:
* 32 Kbyte L1 ICache per e6500/SC3900 core
* 32 Kbyte L1 DCache per e6500/SC3900 core
* 2048 Kbyte unified L2 cache for each SC3900 FVP cluster
* 2048 Kbyte unified L2 cache for the e6500 cluster
* Two 512 Kbyte shared L3 CoreNet platform caches (CPC)
* Sixteen 10-GHz SerDes lanes serving:
* Two Serial RapidIO interfaces
* Each supports up to 4 lanes and a total of up to 8 lanes
* Up to 8-lanes Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) controller for
glue-less antenna connection
* Two 10-Gbit Ethernet controllers (10GEC)
* Six 1G/2.5-Gbit Ethernet controllers for network communications
* PCI Express controller
* Debug (Aurora)
* Two OCeaN DMAs
* Various system peripherals
* 182 32-bit timers
B4860QDS Overview
-----------------
- DDRC1: Ten separate DDR3 parts of 16-bit to support 72-bit (ECC) at 1866MT/s,
ECC, 4 GB of memory in two ranks of 2 GB.
- DDRC2: Five separate DDR3 parts of 16-bit to support 72-bit (ECC) at 1866MT/s,
ECC, 2 GB of memory. Single rank.
- SerDes 1 multiplexing: Two Vitesse (transmit and receive path) cross-point
16x16 switch VSC3316
- SerDes 2 multiplexing: Two Vitesse (transmit and receive path) cross-point
8x8 switch VSC3308
- USB 2.0 ULPI PHY USB3315 by SMSC supports USB port in host mode.
B4860 UART port is available over USB-to-UART translator USB2SER or over
RS232 flat cable.
- A Vitesse dual SGMII phy VSC8662 links the B4860 SGMII lines to 2xRJ-45
copper connectors for Stand-alone mode and to the 1000Base-X over AMC
MicroTCA connector ports 0 and 2 for AMC mode.
- The B4860 configuration may be loaded from nine bits coded reset configuration
reset source. The RCW source is set by appropriate DIP-switches.
- 16-bit NOR Flash / PROMJet
- QIXIS 8-bit NOR Flash Emulator
- 8-bit NAND Flash
- 24-bit SPI Flash
- Long address I2C EEPROM
- Available debug interfaces are:
- On-board eCWTAP controller with ETH and USB I/F
- JTAG/COP 16-pin header for any external TAP controller
- External JTAG source over AMC to support B2B configuration
- 70-pin Aurora debug connector
- QIXIS (FPGA) logic:
- 2 KB internal memory space including
- IDT840NT4 clock synthesizer provides B4860 essential clocks : SYSCLK,
DDRCLK1,2 and RTCCLK.
- Two 8T49N222A SerDes ref clock devices support two SerDes port clock
frequency - total four refclk, including CPRI clock scheme.
B4420 Personality
-----------------
B4420 is a reduced personality of B4860 with less core/clusters(both SC3900
and e6500), less DDR controllers, less serdes lanes, less SGMII interfaces
and reduced target frequencies.
Key differences between B4860 and B4420
---------------------------------------
B4420 has:
1. Less e6500 cores: 1 cluster with 2 e6500 cores
2. Less SC3900 cores/clusters: 1 cluster with 2 SC3900 cores per cluster
3. Single DDRC
4. 2X 4 lane serdes
5. 3 SGMII interfaces
6. no sRIO
7. no 10G
B4860QDS Default Settings
-------------------------
Switch Settings
---------------
.. code-block:: none
SW1 OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0]
SW2 ON ON ON ON ON ON OFF OFF
SW3 OFF OFF OFF ON OFF OFF ON OFF
SW5 OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF ON ON
Note:
- PCIe slots modes: All the PCIe devices work as Root Complex.
- Boot location: NOR flash.
SysClk/Core(e6500)/CCB/DDR/FMan/DDRCLK/StarCore/CPRI-Maple/eTVPE-Maple/ULB-Maple
66MHz/1.6GHz/667MHz/1.6GHz data rate/667MHz/133MHz/1200MHz/500MHz/800MHz/667MHz
NAND boot::
SW1 [1.1] = 0
SW2 [1.1] = 1
SW3 [1:4] = 0001
NOR boot::
SW1 [1.1] = 1
SW2 [1.1] = 0
SW3 [1:4] = 1000
B4420QDS Default Settings
-------------------------
Switch Settings
---------------
.. code-block:: none
SW1 OFF[0] OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0] OFF [0]
SW2 ON OFF ON OFF ON ON OFF OFF
SW3 OFF OFF OFF ON OFF OFF ON OFF
SW5 OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF OFF ON ON
Note:
- PCIe slots modes: All the PCIe devices work as Root Complex.
- Boot location: NOR flash.
SysClk/Core(e6500)/CCB/DDR/FMan/DDRCLK/StarCore/CPRI-Maple/eTVPE-Maple/ULB-Maple
66MHz/1.6GHz/667MHz/1.6GHz data rate/667MHz/133MHz/1200MHz/500MHz/800MHz/667MHz
NAND boot::
SW1 [1.1] = 0
SW2 [1.1] = 1
SW3 [1:4] = 0001
NOR boot::
SW1 [1.1] = 1
SW2 [1.1] = 0
SW3 [1:4] = 1000
Memory map on B4860QDS
----------------------
The addresses in brackets are physical addresses.
============= ============= =============== =======
Start Address End Address Description Size
============= ============= =============== =======
0xF_FFDF_1000 0xF_FFFF_FFFF Free 2 MB
0xF_FFDF_0000 0xF_FFDF_0FFF IFC - FPGA 4 KB
0xF_FF81_0000 0xF_FFDE_FFFF Free 5 MB
0xF_FF80_0000 0xF_FF80_FFFF IFC NAND Flash 64 KB
0xF_FF00_0000 0xF_FF7F_FFFF Free 8 MB
0xF_FE00_0000 0xF_FEFF_FFFF CCSRBAR 16 MB
0xF_F801_0000 0xF_FDFF_FFFF Free 95 MB
0xF_F800_0000 0xF_F800_FFFF PCIe I/O Space 64 KB
0xF_F600_0000 0xF_F7FF_FFFF QMAN s/w portal 32 MB
0xF_F400_0000 0xF_F5FF_FFFF BMAN s/w portal 32 MB
0xF_F000_0000 0xF_F3FF_FFFF Free 64 MB
0xF_E800_0000 0xF_EFFF_FFFF IFC NOR Flash 128 MB
0xF_E000_0000 0xF_E7FF_FFFF Promjet 128 MB
0xF_A0C0_0000 0xF_DFFF_FFFF Free 1012 MB
0xF_A000_0000 0xF_A0BF_FFFF MAPLE0/1/2 12 MB
0xF_0040_0000 0xF_9FFF_FFFF Free 12 GB
0xF_0000_0000 0xF_01FF_FFFF DCSR 32 MB
0xC_4000_0000 0xE_FFFF_FFFF Free 11 GB
0xC_3000_0000 0xC_3FFF_FFFF sRIO-2 I/O 256 MB
0xC_2000_0000 0xC_2FFF_FFFF sRIO-1 I/O 256 MB
0xC_0000_0000 0xC_1FFF_FFFF PCIe Mem Space 512 MB
0x1_0000_0000 0xB_FFFF_FFFF Free 44 GB
0x0_8000_0000 0x0_FFFF_FFFF DDRC1 2 GB
0x0_0000_0000 0x0_7FFF_FFFF DDRC2 2 GB
============= ============= =============== =======
Memory map on B4420QDS
----------------------
The addresses in brackets are physical addresses.
============= ============= =============== =======
Start Address End Address Description Size
============= ============= =============== =======
0xF_FFDF_1000 0xF_FFFF_FFFF Free 2 MB
0xF_FFDF_0000 0xF_FFDF_0FFF IFC - FPGA 4 KB
0xF_FF81_0000 0xF_FFDE_FFFF Free 5 MB
0xF_FF80_0000 0xF_FF80_FFFF IFC NAND Flash 64 KB
0xF_FF00_0000 0xF_FF7F_FFFF Free 8 MB
0xF_FE00_0000 0xF_FEFF_FFFF CCSRBAR 16 MB
0xF_F801_0000 0xF_FDFF_FFFF Free 95 MB
0xF_F800_0000 0xF_F800_FFFF PCIe I/O Space 64 KB
0xF_F600_0000 0xF_F7FF_FFFF QMAN s/w portal 32 MB
0xF_F400_0000 0xF_F5FF_FFFF BMAN s/w portal 32 MB
0xF_F000_0000 0xF_F3FF_FFFF Free 64 MB
0xF_E800_0000 0xF_EFFF_FFFF IFC NOR Flash 128 MB
0xF_E000_0000 0xF_E7FF_FFFF Promjet 128 MB
0xF_A0C0_0000 0xF_DFFF_FFFF Free 1012 MB
0xF_A000_0000 0xF_A0BF_FFFF MAPLE0/1/2 12 MB
0xF_0040_0000 0xF_9FFF_FFFF Free 12 GB
0xF_0000_0000 0xF_01FF_FFFF DCSR 32 MB
0xC_4000_0000 0xE_FFFF_FFFF Free 11 GB
0xC_3000_0000 0xC_3FFF_FFFF sRIO-2 I/O 256 MB
0xC_2000_0000 0xC_2FFF_FFFF sRIO-1 I/O 256 MB
0xC_0000_0000 0xC_1FFF_FFFF PCIe Mem Space 512 MB
0x1_0000_0000 0xB_FFFF_FFFF Free 44 GB
0x0_0000_0000 0x0_FFFF_FFFF DDRC1 4 GB
============= ============= =============== =======
NOR Flash memory Map on B4860 and B4420QDS
------------------------------------------
============= ============= ============================== =========
Start End Definition Size
============= ============= ============================== =========
0xEFF40000 0xEFFFFFFF U-Boot (current bank) 768KB
0xEFF20000 0xEFF3FFFF U-Boot env (current bank) 128KB
0xEFF00000 0xEFF1FFFF FMAN Ucode (current bank) 128KB
0xEF300000 0xEFEFFFFF rootfs (alternate bank) 12MB
0xEE800000 0xEE8FFFFF device tree (alternate bank) 1MB
0xEE020000 0xEE6FFFFF Linux.uImage (alternate bank) 6MB+896KB
0xEE000000 0xEE01FFFF RCW (alternate bank) 128KB
0xEDF40000 0xEDFFFFFF U-Boot (alternate bank) 768KB
0xEDF20000 0xEDF3FFFF U-Boot env (alternate bank) 128KB
0xEDF00000 0xEDF1FFFF FMAN ucode (alternate bank) 128KB
0xED300000 0xEDEFFFFF rootfs (current bank) 12MB
0xEC800000 0xEC8FFFFF device tree (current bank) 1MB
0xEC020000 0xEC6FFFFF Linux.uImage (current bank) 6MB+896KB
0xEC000000 0xEC01FFFF RCW (current bank) 128KB
============= ============= ============================== =========
Various Software configurations/environment variables/commands
--------------------------------------------------------------
The below commands apply to both B4860QDS and B4420QDS.
U-Boot environment variable hwconfig
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
The default hwconfig is:
.. code-block:: none
hwconfig=fsl_ddr:ctlr_intlv=null,bank_intlv=cs0_cs1;usb1:dr_mode=host,phy_type=ulpi
Note: For USB gadget set "dr_mode=peripheral"
FMAN Ucode versions
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
fsl_fman_ucode_B4860_106_3_6.bin
Switching to alternate bank
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Commands for switching to alternate bank.
1. To change from vbank0 to vbank2
.. code-block:: none
=> qixis_reset altbank (it will boot using vbank2)
2. To change from vbank2 to vbank0
.. code-block:: none
=> qixis reset (it will boot using vbank0)
To change personality of board
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
For changing personality from B4860 to B4420
1. Boot from vbank0
2. Flash vbank2 with b4420 rcw and U-Boot
3. Give following commands to uboot prompt
.. code-block:: none
=> mw.b ffdf0040 0x30;
=> mw.b ffdf0010 0x00;
=> mw.b ffdf0062 0x02;
=> mw.b ffdf0050 0x02;
=> mw.b ffdf0010 0x30;
=> reset
Note:
- Power off cycle will lead to default switch settings.
- 0xffdf0000 is the address of the QIXIS FPGA.
Switching between NOR and NAND boot(RCW src changed from NOR <-> NAND)
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
To change from NOR to NAND boot give following command on uboot prompt
.. code-block:: none
=> mw.b ffdf0040 0x30
=> mw.b ffdf0010 0x00
=> mw.b 0xffdf0050 0x08
=> mw.b 0xffdf0060 0x82
=> mw.b ffdf0061 0x00
=> mw.b ffdf0010 0x30
=> reset
To change from NAND to NOR boot give following command on uboot prompt:
.. code-block:: none
=> mw.b ffdf0040 0x30
=> mw.b ffdf0010 0x00
=> mw.b 0xffdf0050 0x00(for vbank0) or (mw.b 0xffdf0050 0x02 for vbank2)
=> mw.b 0xffdf0060 0x12
=> mw.b ffdf0061 0x01
=> mw.b ffdf0010 0x30
=> reset
Note:
- Power off cycle will lead to default switch settings.
- 0xffdf0000 is the address of the QIXIS FPGA.
Ethernet interfaces for B4860QDS
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Serdes protocosl tested:
* 0x2a, 0x8d (serdes1, serdes2) [DEFAULT]
* 0x2a, 0xb2 (serdes1, serdes2)
When using [DEFAULT] RCW, which including 2 * 1G SGMII on board and 2 * 1G
SGMII on SGMII riser card.
Under U-Boot these network interfaces are recognized as::
FM1@DTSEC3, FM1@DTSEC4, FM1@DTSEC5 and FM1@DTSEC6.
On Linux the interfaces are renamed as::
eth2 -> fm1-gb2
eth3 -> fm1-gb3
eth4 -> fm1-gb4
eth5 -> fm1-gb5
RCW and Ethernet interfaces for B4420QDS
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
Serdes protocosl tested:
* 0x18, 0x9e (serdes1, serdes2)
Under U-Boot these network interfaces are recognized as::
FM1@DTSEC3, FM1@DTSEC4 and e1000#0.
On Linux the interfaces are renamed as::
eth2 -> fm1-gb2
eth3 -> fm1-gb3
NAND boot with 2 Stage boot loader
----------------------------------
PBL initialise the internal SRAM and copy SPL(160KB) in SRAM.
SPL further initialise DDR using SPD and environment variables and copy
U-Boot(768 KB) from flash to DDR.
Finally SPL transer control to U-Boot for futher booting.
SPL has following features:
- Executes within 256K
- No relocation required
Run time view of SPL framework during boot:
+----------------------------------------------+
|Area | Address |
+----------------------------------------------+
|Secure boot | 0xFFFC0000 (32KB) |
|headers | |
+----------------------------------------------+
|GD, BD | 0xFFFC8000 (4KB) |
+----------------------------------------------+
|ENV | 0xFFFC9000 (8KB) |
+----------------------------------------------+
|HEAP | 0xFFFCB000 (30KB) |
+----------------------------------------------+
|STACK | 0xFFFD8000 (22KB) |
+----------------------------------------------+
|U-Boot SPL | 0xFFFD8000 (160KB) |
+----------------------------------------------+
NAND Flash memory Map on B4860 and B4420QDS
-------------------------------------------
============= ============= ============================= =====
Start End Definition Size
============= ============= ============================= =====
0x000000 0x0FFFFF U-Boot 1MB
0x140000 0x15FFFF U-Boot env 128KB
0x1A0000 0x1BFFFF FMAN Ucode 128KB
============= ============= ============================= =====

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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. sectionauthor:: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Chromebook Link
===============
First, you need the following binary blobs:
* descriptor.bin - Intel flash descriptor
* me.bin - Intel Management Engine
* mrc.bin - Memory Reference Code, which sets up SDRAM
* video ROM - sets up the display
You can get these binary blobs by::
$ git clone http://review.coreboot.org/p/blobs.git
$ cd blobs
Find the following files:
* ./mainboard/google/link/descriptor.bin
* ./mainboard/google/link/me.bin
* ./northbridge/intel/sandybridge/systemagent-r6.bin
The 3rd one should be renamed to mrc.bin.
As for the video ROM, you can get it `here`_ and rename it to vga.bin.
Make sure all these binary blobs are put in the board directory.
Now you can build U-Boot and obtain u-boot.rom::
$ make chromebook_link_defconfig
$ make all
.. _here: http://www.coreboot.org/~stepan/pci8086,0166.rom

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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. sectionauthor:: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Chromebook Samus
================
First, you need the following binary blobs:
* descriptor.bin - Intel flash descriptor
* me.bin - Intel Management Engine
* mrc.bin - Memory Reference Code, which sets up SDRAM
* refcode.elf - Additional Reference code
* vga.bin - video ROM, which sets up the display
If you have a samus you can obtain them from your flash, for example, in
developer mode on the Chromebook (use Ctrl-Alt-F2 to obtain a terminal and
log in as 'root')::
cd /tmp
flashrom -w samus.bin
scp samus.bin username@ip_address:/path/to/somewhere
If not see the coreboot tree where you can use::
bash crosfirmware.sh samus
to get the image. There is also an 'extract_blobs.sh' scripts that you can use
on the 'coreboot-Google_Samus.*' file to short-circuit some of the below.
Then 'ifdtool -x samus.bin' on your development machine will produce::
flashregion_0_flashdescriptor.bin
flashregion_1_bios.bin
flashregion_2_intel_me.bin
Rename flashregion_0_flashdescriptor.bin to descriptor.bin
Rename flashregion_2_intel_me.bin to me.bin
You can ignore flashregion_1_bios.bin - it is not used.
To get the rest, use 'cbfstool samus.bin print'::
samus.bin: 8192 kB, bootblocksize 2864, romsize 8388608, offset 0x700000
alignment: 64 bytes, architecture: x86
============================ ======== =========== ======
Name Offset Type Size
============================ ======== =========== ======
cmos_layout.bin 0x700000 cmos_layout 1164
pci8086,0406.rom 0x7004c0 optionrom 65536
spd.bin 0x710500 (unknown) 4096
cpu_microcode_blob.bin 0x711540 microcode 70720
fallback/romstage 0x722a00 stage 54210
fallback/ramstage 0x72fe00 stage 96382
config 0x7476c0 raw 6075
fallback/vboot 0x748ec0 stage 15980
fallback/refcode 0x74cd80 stage 75578
fallback/payload 0x75f500 payload 62878
u-boot.dtb 0x76eb00 (unknown) 5318
(empty) 0x770000 null 196504
mrc.bin 0x79ffc0 (unknown) 222876
(empty) 0x7d66c0 null 167320
============================ ======== =========== ======
You can extract what you need::
cbfstool samus.bin extract -n pci8086,0406.rom -f vga.bin
cbfstool samus.bin extract -n fallback/refcode -f refcode.rmod
cbfstool samus.bin extract -n mrc.bin -f mrc.bin
cbfstool samus.bin extract -n fallback/refcode -f refcode.bin -U
Note that the -U flag is only supported by the latest cbfstool. It unpacks
and decompresses the stage to produce a coreboot rmodule. This is a simple
representation of an ELF file. You need the patch "Support decoding a stage
with compression".
Put all 5 files into board/google/chromebook_samus.
Now you can build U-Boot and obtain u-boot.rom::
$ make chromebook_samus_defconfig
$ make all
If you are using em100, then this command will flash write -Boot::
em100 -s -d filename.rom -c W25Q64CV -r
Flash map for samus / broadwell:
:fffff800: SYS_X86_START16
:ffff0000: RESET_SEG_START
:fffd8000: TPL_TEXT_BASE
:fffa0000: X86_MRC_ADDR
:fff90000: VGA_BIOS_ADDR
:ffed0000: SYS_TEXT_BASE
:ffea0000: X86_REFCODE_ADDR
:ffe70000: SPL_TEXT_BASE
:ffbf8000: CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET (environemnt offset)
:ffbe0000: rw-mrc-cache (Memory-reference-code cache)
:ffa00000: <spare>
:ff801000: intel-me (address set by descriptor.bin)
:ff800000: intel-descriptor

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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
Google
======
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
chromebook_link
chromebook_samus

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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
Board-specific doc
==================
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
AndesTech/index
atmel/index
coreboot/index
emulation/index
freescale/index
google/index
intel/index
renesas/index
sifive/index
xilinx/index

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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. sectionauthor:: Bin Meng <bmeng.cn@gmail.com>
Bayley Bay CRB
==============
This uses as FSP as with Crown Bay, except it is for the Atom E3800 series.
Download this and get the .fd file (BAYTRAIL_FSP_GOLD_003_16-SEP-2014.fd at
the time of writing). Put it in the corresponding board directory and rename
it to fsp.bin.
Obtain the VGA RAM (Vga.dat at the time of writing) and put it into the same
board directory as vga.bin.
You still need two more binary blobs. For Bayley Bay, they can be extracted
from the sample SPI image provided in the FSP (SPI.bin at the time of writing)::
$ ./tools/ifdtool -x BayleyBay/SPI.bin
$ cp flashregion_0_flashdescriptor.bin board/intel/bayleybay/descriptor.bin
$ cp flashregion_2_intel_me.bin board/intel/bayleybay/me.bin
Now you can build U-Boot and obtain u-boot.rom::
$ make bayleybay_defconfig
$ make all
Note that the debug version of the FSP is bigger in size. If this version
is used, CONFIG_FSP_ADDR needs to be configured to 0xfffb0000 instead of
the default value 0xfffc0000.

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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. sectionauthor:: Bin Meng <bmeng.cn@gmail.com>
Cherry Hill CRB
===============
This uses Intel FSP for Braswell platform. Download it from Intel FSP website,
put the .fd file to the board directory and rename it to fsp.bin.
Extract descriptor.bin and me.bin from the original BIOS on the board using
ifdtool and put them to the board directory as well.
Note the FSP package for Braswell does not ship a traditional legacy VGA BIOS
image for the integrated graphics device. Instead a new binary called Video
BIOS Table (VBT) is shipped. Put it to the board directory and rename it to
vbt.bin if you want graphics support in U-Boot.
Now you can build U-Boot and obtain u-boot.rom::
$ make cherryhill_defconfig
$ make all
An important note for programming u-boot.rom to the on-board SPI flash is that
you need make sure the SPI flash's 'quad enable' bit in its status register
matches the settings in the descriptor.bin, otherwise the board won't boot.
For the on-board SPI flash MX25U6435F, this can be done by writing 0x40 to the
status register by DediProg in: Config > Modify Status Register > Write Status
Register(s) > Register1 Value(Hex). This is is a one-time change. Once set, it
persists in SPI flash part regardless of the u-boot.rom image burned.

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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. sectionauthor:: Bin Meng <bmeng.cn@gmail.com>
Cougar Canyon 2 CRB
===================
This uses Intel FSP for 3rd generation Intel Core and Intel Celeron processors
with mobile Intel HM76 and QM77 chipsets platform. Download it from Intel FSP
website and put the .fd file (CHIEFRIVER_FSP_GOLD_001_09-OCTOBER-2013.fd at the
time of writing) in the board directory and rename it to fsp.bin.
Now build U-Boot and obtain u-boot.rom::
$ make cougarcanyon2_defconfig
$ make all
The board has two 8MB SPI flashes mounted, which are called SPI-0 and SPI-1 in
the board manual. The SPI-0 flash should have flash descriptor plus ME firmware
and SPI-1 flash is used to store U-Boot. For convenience, the complete 8MB SPI-0
flash image is included in the FSP package (named Rom00_8M_MB_PPT.bin). Program
this image to the SPI-0 flash according to the board manual just once and we are
all set. For programming U-Boot we just need to program SPI-1 flash. Since the
default u-boot.rom image for this board is set to 2MB, it should be programmed
to the last 2MB of the 8MB chip, address range [600000, 7FFFFF].

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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. sectionauthor:: Bin Meng <bmeng.cn@gmail.com>
Crown Bay CRB
=============
U-Boot support of Intel `Crown Bay`_ board relies on a binary blob called
Firmware Support Package (`FSP`_) to perform all the necessary initialization
steps as documented in the BIOS Writer Guide, including initialization of the
CPU, memory controller, chipset and certain bus interfaces.
Download the Intel FSP for Atom E6xx series and Platform Controller Hub EG20T,
install it on your host and locate the FSP binary blob. Note this platform
also requires a Chipset Micro Code (CMC) state machine binary to be present in
the SPI flash where u-boot.rom resides, and this CMC binary blob can be found
in this FSP package too.
* ./FSP/QUEENSBAY_FSP_GOLD_001_20-DECEMBER-2013.fd
* ./Microcode/C0_22211.BIN
Rename the first one to fsp.bin and second one to cmc.bin and put them in the
board directory.
Note the FSP release version 001 has a bug which could cause random endless
loop during the FspInit call. This bug was published by Intel although Intel
did not describe any details. We need manually apply the patch to the FSP
binary using any hex editor (eg: bvi). Go to the offset 0x1fcd8 of the FSP
binary, change the following five bytes values from orginally E8 42 FF FF FF
to B8 00 80 0B 00.
As for the video ROM, you need manually extract it from the Intel provided
BIOS for Crown Bay `here`_, using the AMI `MMTool`_. Check PCI option
ROM ID 8086:4108, extract and save it as vga.bin in the board directory.
Now you can build U-Boot and obtain u-boot.rom::
$ make crownbay_defconfig
$ make all
.. _`Crown Bay`: http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/embedded/design-tools/evaluation-platforms/atom-e660-eg20t-development-kit.html
.. _`FSP`: http://www.intel.com/fsp
.. _`here`: http://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/secure/intelligent-systems/privileged/e6xx-35-b1-cmc22211.html
.. _`MMTool`: http://www.ami.com/products/bios-uefi-tools-and-utilities/bios-uefi-utilities/

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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. sectionauthor:: Andy Shevchenko <andriy.shevchenko@linux.intel.com>
Edison
======
Build Instructions for U-Boot as main bootloader
------------------------------------------------
Simple you can build U-Boot and obtain u-boot.bin::
$ make edison_defconfig
$ make all
Updating U-Boot on Edison
-------------------------
By default Intel Edison boards are shipped with preinstalled heavily
patched U-Boot v2014.04. Though it supports DFU which we may be able to
use.
1. Prepare u-boot.bin as described in chapter above. You still need one
more step (if and only if you have original U-Boot), i.e. run the
following command::
$ truncate -s %4096 u-boot.bin
2. Run your board and interrupt booting to U-Boot console. In the console
call::
=> run do_force_flash_os
3. Wait for few seconds, it will prepare environment variable and runs
DFU. Run DFU command from the host system::
$ dfu-util -v -d 8087:0a99 --alt u-boot0 -D u-boot.bin
4. Return to U-Boot console and following hint. i.e. push Ctrl+C, and
reset the board::
=> reset

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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. sectionauthor:: Bin Meng <bmeng.cn@gmail.com>
Galileo
=======
Only one binary blob is needed for Remote Management Unit (RMU) within Intel
Quark SoC. Not like FSP, U-Boot does not call into the binary. The binary is
needed by the Quark SoC itself.
You can get the binary blob from Quark Board Support Package from Intel website:
* ./QuarkSocPkg/QuarkNorthCluster/Binary/QuarkMicrocode/RMU.bin
Rename the file and put it to the board directory by::
$ cp RMU.bin board/intel/galileo/rmu.bin
Now you can build U-Boot and obtain u-boot.rom::
$ make galileo_defconfig
$ make all

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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
Intel
=====
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
bayleybay
cherryhill
cougarcanyon2
crownbay
edison
galileo
minnowmax

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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. sectionauthor:: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Minnowboard MAX
===============
This uses as FSP as with Crown Bay, except it is for the Atom E3800 series.
Download this and get the .fd file (BAYTRAIL_FSP_GOLD_003_16-SEP-2014.fd at
the time of writing). Put it in the corresponding board directory and rename
it to fsp.bin.
Obtain the VGA RAM (Vga.dat at the time of writing) and put it into the same
board directory as vga.bin.
You still need two more binary blobs. For Minnowboard MAX, we can reuse the
same ME firmware above, but for flash descriptor, we need get that somewhere
else, as the one above does not seem to work, probably because it is not
designed for the Minnowboard MAX. Now download the original firmware image
for this board from:
* http://firmware.intel.com/sites/default/files/2014-WW42.4-MinnowBoardMax.73-64-bit.bin_Release.zip
Unzip it::
$ unzip 2014-WW42.4-MinnowBoardMax.73-64-bit.bin_Release.zip
Use ifdtool in the U-Boot tools directory to extract the images from that
file, for example::
$ ./tools/ifdtool -x MNW2MAX1.X64.0073.R02.1409160934.bin
This will provide the descriptor file - copy this into the correct place::
$ cp flashregion_0_flashdescriptor.bin board/intel/minnowmax/descriptor.bin
Now you can build U-Boot and obtain u-boot.rom::
$ make minnowmax_defconfig
$ make all
Checksums are as follows (but note that newer versions will invalidate this)::
$ md5sum -b board/intel/minnowmax/*.bin
ffda9a3b94df5b74323afb328d51e6b4 board/intel/minnowmax/descriptor.bin
69f65b9a580246291d20d08cbef9d7c5 board/intel/minnowmax/fsp.bin
894a97d371544ec21de9c3e8e1716c4b board/intel/minnowmax/me.bin
a2588537da387da592a27219d56e9962 board/intel/minnowmax/vga.bin
The ROM image is broken up into these parts:
====== ================== ============================
Offset Description Controlling config
====== ================== ============================
000000 descriptor.bin Hard-coded to 0 in ifdtool
001000 me.bin Set by the descriptor
500000 <spare>
6ef000 Environment CONFIG_ENV_OFFSET
6f0000 MRC cache CONFIG_ENABLE_MRC_CACHE
700000 u-boot-dtb.bin CONFIG_SYS_TEXT_BASE
7b0000 vga.bin CONFIG_VGA_BIOS_ADDR
7c0000 fsp.bin CONFIG_FSP_ADDR
7f8000 <spare> (depends on size of fsp.bin)
7ff800 U-Boot 16-bit boot CONFIG_SYS_X86_START16
====== ================== ============================
Overall ROM image size is controlled by CONFIG_ROM_SIZE.
Note that the debug version of the FSP is bigger in size. If this version
is used, CONFIG_FSP_ADDR needs to be configured to 0xfffb0000 instead of
the default value 0xfffc0000.

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.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
R0P7752C00000RZ board
=====================
This board specification
------------------------
The R0P7752C00000RZ(board config name:sh7752evb) has the following device:
- SH7752 (SH-4A)
- DDR3-SDRAM 512MB
- SPI ROM 8MB
- Gigabit Ethernet controllers
- eMMC 4GB
Configuration for This board
----------------------------
You can select the configuration as follows:
- make sh7752evb_config
This board specific command
---------------------------
This board has the following its specific command:
write_mac:
You can write MAC address to SPI ROM.
Usage 1: Write MAC address
.. code-block:: none
write_mac [GETHERC ch0] [GETHERC ch1]
For example:
=> write_mac 74:90:50:00:33:9e 74:90:50:00:33:9f
* We have to input the command as a single line (without carriage return)
* We have to reset after input the command.
Usage 2: Show current data
.. code-block:: none
write_mac
For example:
=> write_mac
GETHERC ch0 = 74:90:50:00:33:9e
GETHERC ch1 = 74:90:50:00:33:9f
Update SPI ROM
--------------
1. Copy u-boot image to RAM area.
2. Probe SPI device.
.. code-block:: none
=> sf probe 0
SF: Detected MX25L6405D with page size 64KiB, total 8 MiB
3. Erase SPI ROM.
.. code-block:: none
=> sf erase 0 80000
4. Write u-boot image to SPI ROM.
.. code-block:: none
=> sf write 0x48000000 0 80000

79
doc/board/renesas/sh7753evb.rst Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
SH7753 EVB board
================
This board specification
------------------------
The SH7753 EVB (board config name:sh7753evb) has the following device:
- SH7753 (SH-4A)
- DDR3-SDRAM 512MB
- SPI ROM 8MB
- Gigabit Ethernet controllers
- eMMC 4GB
Configuration for This board
----------------------------
You can select the configuration as follows:
- make sh7753evb_config
This board specific command
---------------------------
This board has the following its specific command:
write_mac:
You can write MAC address to SPI ROM.
Usage 1: Write MAC address
.. code-block:: none
write_mac [GETHERC ch0] [GETHERC ch1]
For example:
=> write_mac 74:90:50:00:33:9e 74:90:50:00:33:9f
* We have to input the command as a single line (without carriage return)
* We have to reset after input the command.
Usage 2: Show current data
.. code-block:: none
write_mac
For example:
=> write_mac
GETHERC ch0 = 74:90:50:00:33:9e
GETHERC ch1 = 74:90:50:00:33:9f
Update SPI ROM
--------------
1. Copy u-boot image to RAM area.
2. Probe SPI device.
.. code-block:: none
=> sf probe 0
SF: Detected MX25L6405D with page size 64KiB, total 8 MiB
3. Erase SPI ROM.
.. code-block:: none
=> sf erase 0 80000
4. Write u-boot image to SPI ROM.
.. code-block:: none
=> sf write 0x48000000 0 80000

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@ -0,0 +1,320 @@
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
HiFive Unleashed
================
FU540-C000 RISC-V SoC
---------------------
The FU540-C000 is the world’s first 4+1 64-bit RISC-V SoC from SiFive.
The HiFive Unleashed development platform is based on FU540-C000 and capable
of running Linux.
Mainline support
----------------
The support for following drivers are already enabled:
1. SiFive UART Driver.
2. SiFive PRCI Driver for clock.
3. Cadence MACB ethernet driver for networking support.
TODO:
1. U-Boot expects the serial console device entry to be present under /chosen
DT node. Without a serial console U-Boot will panic. Example:
.. code-block:: none
chosen {
stdout-path = "/soc/serial@10010000:115200";
};
Building
--------
1. Add the RISC-V toolchain to your PATH.
2. Setup ARCH & cross compilation enviornment variable:
.. code-block:: none
export ARCH=riscv
export CROSS_COMPILE=<riscv64 toolchain prefix>
3. make sifive_fu540_defconfig
4. make
Flashing
--------
The current U-Boot port is supported in S-mode only and loaded from DRAM.
A prior stage (M-mode) firmware/bootloader (e.g OpenSBI or BBL) is required to
load the u-boot.bin into memory and provide runtime services. The u-boot.bin
can be given as a payload to the prior stage (M-mode) firmware/bootloader.
The description of steps required to build the firmware is beyond the scope of
this document. Please refer OpenSBI or BBL documenation.
(Note: OpenSBI git repo is at https://github.com/riscv/opensbi.git)
(Note: BBL git repo is at https://github.com/riscv/riscv-pk.git)
Once the prior stage firmware/bootloader binary is generated, it should be
copied to the first partition of the sdcard.
.. code-block:: none
sudo dd if=<prior_stage_firmware_binary> of=/dev/disk2s1 bs=1024
Booting
-------
Once you plugin the sdcard and power up, you should see the U-Boot prompt.
Sample boot log from HiFive Unleashed board
-------------------------------------------
.. code-block:: none
U-Boot 2019.01-00019-gc7953536-dirty (Jan 22 2019 - 11:05:40 -0800)
CPU: rv64imafdc
Model: sifive,hifive-unleashed-a00
DRAM: 8 GiB
In: serial@10010000
Out: serial@10010000
Err: serial@10010000
Net:
Warning: ethernet@10090000 (eth0) using random MAC address - b6:75:4d:48:50:94
eth0: ethernet@10090000
Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0
=> version
U-Boot 2019.01-00019-gc7953536-dirty (Jan 22 2019 - 11:05:40 -0800)
riscv64-linux-gcc.br_real (Buildroot 2018.11-rc2-00003-ga0787e9) 8.2.0
GNU ld (GNU Binutils) 2.31.1
Now you can configure your networking, tftp server and use tftp boot method to
load uImage.
.. code-block:: none
=> setenv ethaddr 70:B3:D5:92:F0:C2
=> setenv ipaddr 10.196.157.189
=> setenv serverip 10.11.143.218
=> setenv gatewayip 10.196.156.1
=> setenv netmask 255.255.252.0
=> bdinfo
boot_params = 0x0000000000000000
DRAM bank = 0x0000000000000000
-> start = 0x0000000080000000
-> size = 0x0000000200000000
relocaddr = 0x00000000fff90000
reloc off = 0x000000007fd90000
ethaddr = 70:B3:D5:92:F0:C2
IP addr = 10.196.157.189
baudrate = 115200 bps
=> tftpboot uImage
ethernet@10090000: PHY present at 0
ethernet@10090000: Starting autonegotiation...
ethernet@10090000: Autonegotiation complete
ethernet@10090000: link up, 1000Mbps full-duplex (lpa: 0x3800)
Using ethernet@10090000 device
TFTP from server 10.11.143.218; our IP address is 10.196.157.189; sending through gateway 10.196.156.1
Filename 'uImage'.
Load address: 0x80200000
Loading: #################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
#################################################################
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#################################################################
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#################################################################
#################################################################
##########################################################
2.5 MiB/s
done
Bytes transferred = 14939132 (e3f3fc hex)
=> bootm 0x80200000 - 0x82200000
## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 80200000 ...
Image Name: Linux
Image Type: RISC-V Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed)
Data Size: 14939068 Bytes = 14.2 MiB
Load Address: 80200000
Entry Point: 80200000
Verifying Checksum ... OK
## Flattened Device Tree blob at 82200000
Booting using the fdt blob at 0x82200000
Loading Kernel Image ... OK
Using Device Tree in place at 0000000082200000, end 0000000082205c69
Starting kernel ...
[ 0.000000] OF: fdt: Ignoring memory range 0x80000000 - 0x80200000
[ 0.000000] Linux version 5.0.0-rc1-00020-g4b51f736 (atish@jedi-01) (gcc version 7.2.0 (GCC)) #262 SMP Mon Jan 21 17:39:27 PST 2019
[ 0.000000] initrd not found or empty - disabling initrd
[ 0.000000] Zone ranges:
[ 0.000000] DMA32 [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x00000000ffffffff]
[ 0.000000] Normal [mem 0x0000000100000000-0x000027ffffffffff]
[ 0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[ 0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[ 0.000000] node 0: [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x000000027fffffff]
[ 0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000080200000-0x000000027fffffff]
[ 0.000000] software IO TLB: mapped [mem 0xfbfff000-0xfffff000] (64MB)
[ 0.000000] CPU with hartid=0 has a non-okay status of "masked"
[ 0.000000] CPU with hartid=0 has a non-okay status of "masked"
[ 0.000000] elf_hwcap is 0x112d
[ 0.000000] percpu: Embedded 15 pages/cpu @(____ptrval____) s29720 r0 d31720 u61440
[ 0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on. Total pages: 2067975
[ 0.000000] Kernel command line: earlyprintk
[ 0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 1048576 (order: 11, 8388608 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 524288 (order: 10, 4194304 bytes)
[ 0.000000] Sorting __ex_table...
[ 0.000000] Memory: 8178760K/8386560K available (3309K kernel code, 248K rwdata, 872K rodata, 9381K init, 763K bss, 207800K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
[ 0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=64, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=4, Nodes=1
[ 0.000000] rcu: Hierarchical RCU implementation.
[ 0.000000] rcu: RCU event tracing is enabled.
[ 0.000000] rcu: RCU restricting CPUs from NR_CPUS=8 to nr_cpu_ids=4.
[ 0.000000] rcu: RCU calculated value of scheduler-enlistment delay is 10 jiffies.
[ 0.000000] rcu: Adjusting geometry for rcu_fanout_leaf=16, nr_cpu_ids=4
[ 0.000000] NR_IRQS: 0, nr_irqs: 0, preallocated irqs: 0
[ 0.000000] plic: mapped 53 interrupts to 4 (out of 9) handlers.
[ 0.000000] riscv_timer_init_dt: Registering clocksource cpuid [0] hartid [1]
[ 0.000000] clocksource: riscv_clocksource: mask: 0xffffffffffffffff max_cycles: 0x1d854df40, max_idle_ns: 3526361616960 ns
[ 0.000008] sched_clock: 64 bits at 1000kHz, resolution 1000ns, wraps every 2199023255500ns
[ 0.000221] Console: colour dummy device 80x25
[ 0.000902] printk: console [tty0] enabled
[ 0.000963] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 2.00 BogoMIPS (lpj=10000)
[ 0.001034] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[ 0.001541] Mount-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 0.001912] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 0.003542] rcu: Hierarchical SRCU implementation.
[ 0.004347] smp: Bringing up secondary CPUs ...
[ 1.040259] CPU1: failed to come online
[ 2.080483] CPU2: failed to come online
[ 3.120699] CPU3: failed to come online
[ 3.120765] smp: Brought up 1 node, 1 CPU
[ 3.121923] devtmpfs: initialized
[ 3.124649] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604462750000 ns
[ 3.124727] futex hash table entries: 1024 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
[ 3.125346] random: get_random_u32 called from bucket_table_alloc+0x72/0x172 with crng_init=0
[ 3.125578] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[ 3.126400] sifive-u54-prci 10000000.prci: Registered U54 core clocks
[ 3.126649] sifive-gemgxl-mgmt 100a0000.cadence-gemgxl-mgmt: Registered clock switch 'cadence-gemgxl-mgmt'
[ 3.135572] vgaarb: loaded
[ 3.135858] SCSI subsystem initialized
[ 3.136193] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[ 3.136266] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[ 3.136348] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[ 3.136446] pps_core: LinuxPPS API ver. 1 registered
[ 3.136484] pps_core: Software ver. 5.3.6 - Copyright 2005-2007 Rodolfo Giometti <giometti@linux.it>
[ 3.136575] PTP clock support registered
[ 3.137256] clocksource: Switched to clocksource riscv_clocksource
[ 3.142711] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[ 3.143322] tcp_listen_portaddr_hash hash table entries: 4096 (order: 4, 65536 bytes)
[ 3.143634] TCP established hash table entries: 65536 (order: 7, 524288 bytes)
[ 3.145799] TCP bind hash table entries: 65536 (order: 8, 1048576 bytes)
[ 3.149121] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 65536 bind 65536)
[ 3.149591] UDP hash table entries: 4096 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 3.150094] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 4096 (order: 5, 131072 bytes)
[ 3.150781] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[ 3.230693] workingset: timestamp_bits=62 max_order=21 bucket_order=0
[ 3.241224] io scheduler mq-deadline registered
[ 3.241269] io scheduler kyber registered
[ 3.242143] sifive_gpio 10060000.gpio: SiFive GPIO chip registered 16 GPIOs
[ 3.242357] pwm-sifivem 10020000.pwm: Unable to find controller clock
[ 3.242439] pwm-sifivem 10021000.pwm: Unable to find controller clock
[ 3.243228] xilinx-pcie 2000000000.pci: PCIe Link is DOWN
[ 3.243289] xilinx-pcie 2000000000.pci: host bridge /soc/pci@2000000000 ranges:
[ 3.243360] xilinx-pcie 2000000000.pci: No bus range found for /soc/pci@2000000000, using [bus 00-ff]
[ 3.243447] xilinx-pcie 2000000000.pci: MEM 0x40000000..0x5fffffff -> 0x40000000
[ 3.243591] xilinx-pcie 2000000000.pci: PCI host bridge to bus 0000:00
[ 3.243636] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [bus 00-ff]
[ 3.243676] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x40000000-0x5fffffff]
[ 3.276547] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 4 ports, IRQ sharing disabled
[ 3.277689] 10010000.serial: ttySIF0 at MMIO 0x10010000 (irq = 39, base_baud = 0) is a SiFive UART v0
[ 3.786963] printk: console [ttySIF0] enabled
[ 3.791504] 10011000.serial: ttySIF1 at MMIO 0x10011000 (irq = 40, base_baud = 0) is a SiFive UART v0
[ 3.801251] sifive_spi 10040000.spi: mapped; irq=41, cs=1
[ 3.806362] m25p80 spi0.0: unrecognized JEDEC id bytes: 9d, 70, 19
[ 3.812084] m25p80: probe of spi0.0 failed with error -2
[ 3.817453] sifive_spi 10041000.spi: mapped; irq=42, cs=4
[ 3.823027] sifive_spi 10050000.spi: mapped; irq=43, cs=1
[ 3.828604] libphy: Fixed MDIO Bus: probed
[ 3.832623] macb: GEM doesn't support hardware ptp.
[ 3.837196] libphy: MACB_mii_bus: probed
[ 4.041156] Microsemi VSC8541 SyncE 10090000.ethernet-ffffffff:00: attached PHY driver [Microsemi VSC8541 SyncE] (mii_bus:phy_addr=10090000.ethernet-ffffffff:00, irq=POLL)
[ 4.055779] macb 10090000.ethernet eth0: Cadence GEM rev 0x10070109 at 0x10090000 irq 12 (70:b3:d5:92:f0:c2)
[ 4.065780] ehci_hcd: USB 2.0 'Enhanced' Host Controller (EHCI) Driver
[ 4.072033] ehci-pci: EHCI PCI platform driver
[ 4.076521] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[ 4.082843] softdog: initialized. soft_noboot=0 soft_margin=60 sec soft_panic=0 (nowayout=0)
[ 4.127465] mmc_spi spi2.0: SD/MMC host mmc0, no DMA, no WP, no poweroff
[ 4.133645] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
[ 4.138980] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[ 4.143017] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[ 4.147885] pwm-sifivem 10020000.pwm: SiFive PWM chip registered 4 PWMs
[ 4.153945] pwm-sifivem 10021000.pwm: SiFive PWM chip registered 4 PWMs
[ 4.186407] Freeing unused kernel memory: 9380K
[ 4.190224] This architecture does not have kernel memory protection.
[ 4.196609] Run /init as init process
Starting logging: OK
Starting mdev...
[ 4.303785] mmc0: host does not support reading read-only switch, assuming write-enable
[ 4.311109] mmc0: new SDHC card on SPI
[ 4.317103] mmcblk0: mmc0:0000 SS08G 7.40 GiB
[ 4.386471] mmcblk0: p1 p2
sort: /sys/devices/platform/Fixed: No such file or directory
modprobe: can't change directory to '/lib/modules': No such file or directory
Initializing random[ 4.759075] random: dd: uninitialized urandom read (512 bytes read)
number generator... done.
Starting network...
udhcpc (v1.24.2) started
Sending discover...
Sending discover...
[ 7.927510] macb 10090000.ethernet eth0: link up (1000/Full)
Sending discover...
Sending select for 10.196.157.190...
Lease of 10.196.157.190 obtained, lease time 499743
deleting routers
adding dns 10.86.1.1
adding dns 10.86.2.1
/etc/init.d/S50dropbear
Starting dropbear sshd: [ 12.772393] random: dropbear: uninitialized urandom read (32 bytes read)
OK
Welcome to Buildroot
buildroot login:

82
doc/README.zynq → doc/board/xilinx/zynq.rst
View file

@ -1,15 +1,17 @@
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
#
# Xilinx ZYNQ U-Boot
#
# (C) Copyright 2013 Xilinx, Inc.
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. (C) Copyright 2013 Xilinx, Inc.
1. About this
ZYNQ
====
About this
----------
This document describes the information about Xilinx Zynq U-Boot -
like supported boards, ML status and TODO list.
2. Zynq boards
Zynq boards
-----------
Xilinx Zynq-7000 All Programmable SoCs enable extensive system level
differentiation, integration, and flexibility through hardware, software,
@ -20,18 +22,21 @@ and I/O programmability.
* zed (single qspi, gem0, mmc) [3]
* microzed (single qspi, gem0, mmc) [4]
* zc770
- zc770-xm010 (single qspi, gem0, mmc)
- zc770-xm011 (8 or 16 bit nand)
- zc770-xm012 (nor)
- zc770-xm013 (dual parallel qspi, gem1)
- zc770-xm010 (single qspi, gem0, mmc)
- zc770-xm011 (8 or 16 bit nand)
- zc770-xm012 (nor)
- zc770-xm013 (dual parallel qspi, gem1)
3. Building
Building
--------
configure and build for zc702 board::
ex. configure and build for zc702 board
$ make zynq_zc702_config
$ make
4. Bootmode
Bootmode
--------
Zynq has a facility to read the bootmode from the slcr bootmode register
once user is setting through jumpers on the board - see page no:1546 on [5]
@ -44,40 +49,47 @@ at runtime and assign the modeboot variable to specific bootmode string which
is intern used in autoboot.
SLCR bootmode register Bit[3:0] values
#define ZYNQ_BM_NOR 0x02
#define ZYNQ_BM_SD 0x05
#define ZYNQ_BM_JTAG 0x0
.. code-block:: c
#define ZYNQ_BM_NOR 0x02
#define ZYNQ_BM_SD 0x05
#define ZYNQ_BM_JTAG 0x0
"modeboot" variable can assign any of "norboot", "sdboot" or "jtagboot"
bootmode strings at runtime.
5. Mainline status
Mainline status
---------------
- Added basic board configurations support.
- Added zynq u-boot bsp code - arch/arm/cpu/armv7/zynq
- Added zynq boards named - zc70x, zed, microzed, zc770_xm010/xm011/xm012/xm013
- Added zynq drivers:
serial - drivers/serial/serial_zynq.c
net - drivers/net/zynq_gem.c
mmc - drivers/mmc/zynq_sdhci.c
spi - drivers/spi/zynq_spi.c
qspi - drivers/spi/zynq_qspi.c
i2c - drivers/i2c/zynq_i2c.c
nand - drivers/mtd/nand/raw/zynq_nand.c
:serial: drivers/serial/serial_zynq.c
:net: drivers/net/zynq_gem.c
:mmc: drivers/mmc/zynq_sdhci.c
:spi: drivers/spi/zynq_spi.c
:qspi: drivers/spi/zynq_qspi.c
:i2c: drivers/i2c/zynq_i2c.c
:nand: drivers/mtd/nand/raw/zynq_nand.c
- Done proper cleanups on board configurations
- Added basic FDT support for zynq boards
- d-cache support for zynq_gem.c
6. TODO
TODO
----
- Add FDT support on individual drivers
Add FDT support on individual drivers
[1] http://www.xilinx.com/products/boards-and-kits/EK-Z7-ZC702-G.htm
[2] http://www.xilinx.com/products/boards-and-kits/EK-Z7-ZC706-G.htm
[3] http://zedboard.org/product/zedboard
[4] http://zedboard.org/product/microzed
[5] http://www.xilinx.com/support/documentation/user_guides/ug585-Zynq-7000-TRM.pdf
* [1] http://www.xilinx.com/products/boards-and-kits/EK-Z7-ZC702-G.htm
* [2] http://www.xilinx.com/products/boards-and-kits/EK-Z7-ZC706-G.htm
* [3] http://zedboard.org/product/zedboard
* [4] http://zedboard.org/product/microzed
* [5] http://www.xilinx.com/support/documentation/user_guides/ug585-Zynq-7000-TRM.pdf
--
Jagannadha Sutradharudu Teki <jaganna@xilinx.com>
Sun Dec 15 14:52:41 IST 2013
.. Jagannadha Sutradharudu Teki <jaganna@xilinx.com>
.. Sun Dec 15 14:52:41 IST 2013

581
doc/driver-model/README.txt → doc/driver-model/design.rst
View file

@ -1,40 +1,46 @@
Driver Model
============
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. sectionauthor:: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Design Details
==============
This README contains high-level information about driver model, a unified
way of declaring and accessing drivers in U-Boot. The original work was done
by:
Marek Vasut <marex@denx.de>
Pavel Herrmann <morpheus.ibis@gmail.com>
Viktor Křivák <viktor.krivak@gmail.com>
Tomas Hlavacek <tmshlvck@gmail.com>
* Marek Vasut <marex@denx.de>
* Pavel Herrmann <morpheus.ibis@gmail.com>
* Viktor Křivák <viktor.krivak@gmail.com>
* Tomas Hlavacek <tmshlvck@gmail.com>
This has been both simplified and extended into the current implementation
by:
Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
* Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Terminology
-----------
Uclass - a group of devices which operate in the same way. A uclass provides
a way of accessing individual devices within the group, but always
using the same interface. For example a GPIO uclass provides
operations for get/set value. An I2C uclass may have 10 I2C ports,
4 with one driver, and 6 with another.
Uclass
a group of devices which operate in the same way. A uclass provides
a way of accessing individual devices within the group, but always
using the same interface. For example a GPIO uclass provides
operations for get/set value. An I2C uclass may have 10 I2C ports,
4 with one driver, and 6 with another.
Driver - some code which talks to a peripheral and presents a higher-level
interface to it.
Driver
some code which talks to a peripheral and presents a higher-level
interface to it.
Device - an instance of a driver, tied to a particular port or peripheral.
Device
an instance of a driver, tied to a particular port or peripheral.
How to try it
-------------
Build U-Boot sandbox and run it:
Build U-Boot sandbox and run it::
make sandbox_defconfig
make
@ -56,31 +62,31 @@ provide good code coverage of them. It does have multiple drivers, it
handles parameter data and platdata (data which tells the driver how
to operate on a particular platform) and it uses private driver data.
To try it, see the example session below:
To try it, see the example session below::
=>demo hello 1
Hello '@' from 07981110: red 4
=>demo status 2
Status: 0
=>demo hello 2
g
r@
e@@
e@@@
n@@@@
g@@@@@
=>demo status 2
Status: 21
=>demo hello 4 ^
y^^^
e^^^^^
l^^^^^^^
l^^^^^^^
o^^^^^
w^^^
=>demo status 4
Status: 36
=>
=>demo hello 1
Hello '@' from 07981110: red 4
=>demo status 2
Status: 0
=>demo hello 2
g
r@
e@@
e@@@
n@@@@
g@@@@@
=>demo status 2
Status: 21
=>demo hello 4 ^
y^^^
e^^^^^
l^^^^^^^
l^^^^^^^
o^^^^^
w^^^
=>demo status 4
Status: 36
=>
Running the tests
@ -88,139 +94,139 @@ Running the tests
The intent with driver model is that the core portion has 100% test coverage
in sandbox, and every uclass has its own test. As a move towards this, tests
are provided in test/dm. To run them, try:
are provided in test/dm. To run them, try::
./test/py/test.py --bd sandbox --build -k ut_dm -v
You should see something like this:
You should see something like this::
(venv)$ ./test/py/test.py --bd sandbox --build -k ut_dm -v
+make O=/root/u-boot/build-sandbox -s sandbox_defconfig
+make O=/root/u-boot/build-sandbox -s -j8
============================= test session starts ==============================
platform linux2 -- Python 2.7.5, pytest-2.9.0, py-1.4.31, pluggy-0.3.1 -- /root/u-boot/venv/bin/python
cachedir: .cache
rootdir: /root/u-boot, inifile:
collected 199 items
(venv)$ ./test/py/test.py --bd sandbox --build -k ut_dm -v
+make O=/root/u-boot/build-sandbox -s sandbox_defconfig
+make O=/root/u-boot/build-sandbox -s -j8
============================= test session starts ==============================
platform linux2 -- Python 2.7.5, pytest-2.9.0, py-1.4.31, pluggy-0.3.1 -- /root/u-boot/venv/bin/python
cachedir: .cache
rootdir: /root/u-boot, inifile:
collected 199 items
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut_dm_init PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_adc_bind] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_adc_multi_channel_conversion] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_adc_multi_channel_shot] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_adc_single_channel_conversion] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_adc_single_channel_shot] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_adc_supply] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_adc_wrong_channel_selection] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_autobind] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_autobind_uclass_pdata_alloc] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_autobind_uclass_pdata_valid] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_autoprobe] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_child_post_bind] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_child_post_bind_uclass] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_child_pre_probe_uclass] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_children] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_children_funcs] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_children_iterators] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_parent_data] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_parent_data_uclass] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_parent_ops] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_parent_platdata] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_parent_platdata_uclass] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_children] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_clk_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_clk_periph] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_device_get_uclass_id] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_eth] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_eth_act] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_eth_alias] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_eth_prime] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_eth_rotate] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_fdt] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_fdt_offset] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_fdt_pre_reloc] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_fdt_uclass_seq] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_gpio] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_gpio_anon] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_gpio_copy] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_gpio_leak] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_gpio_phandles] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_gpio_requestf] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_i2c_bytewise] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_i2c_find] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_i2c_offset] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_i2c_offset_len] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_i2c_probe_empty] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_i2c_read_write] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_i2c_speed] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_leak] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_led_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_led_gpio] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_led_label] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_lifecycle] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_mmc_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_net_retry] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_operations] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_ordering] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_pci_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_pci_busnum] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_pci_swapcase] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_platdata] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_power_pmic_get] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_power_pmic_io] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_power_regulator_autoset] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_power_regulator_autoset_list] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_power_regulator_get] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_power_regulator_set_get_current] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_power_regulator_set_get_enable] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_power_regulator_set_get_mode] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_power_regulator_set_get_voltage] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_pre_reloc] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_ram_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_regmap_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_regmap_syscon] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_remoteproc_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_remove] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_reset_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_reset_walk] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_rtc_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_rtc_dual] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_rtc_reset] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_rtc_set_get] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_spi_find] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_spi_flash] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_spi_xfer] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_syscon_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_syscon_by_driver_data] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_timer_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_uclass] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_uclass_before_ready] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_uclass_devices_find] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_uclass_devices_find_by_name] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_uclass_devices_get] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_uclass_devices_get_by_name] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_usb_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_usb_flash] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_usb_keyb] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_usb_multi] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_usb_remove] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_usb_tree] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_usb_tree_remove] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_usb_tree_reorder] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_bmp] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_bmp_comp] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_chars] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_context] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_rotation1] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_rotation2] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_rotation3] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_text] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_truetype] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_truetype_bs] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_truetype_scroll] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut_dm_init PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_adc_bind] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_adc_multi_channel_conversion] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_adc_multi_channel_shot] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_adc_single_channel_conversion] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_adc_single_channel_shot] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_adc_supply] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_adc_wrong_channel_selection] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_autobind] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_autobind_uclass_pdata_alloc] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_autobind_uclass_pdata_valid] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_autoprobe] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_child_post_bind] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_child_post_bind_uclass] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_child_pre_probe_uclass] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_children] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_children_funcs] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_children_iterators] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_parent_data] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_parent_data_uclass] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_parent_ops] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_parent_platdata] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_bus_parent_platdata_uclass] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_children] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_clk_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_clk_periph] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_device_get_uclass_id] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_eth] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_eth_act] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_eth_alias] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_eth_prime] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_eth_rotate] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_fdt] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_fdt_offset] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_fdt_pre_reloc] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_fdt_uclass_seq] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_gpio] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_gpio_anon] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_gpio_copy] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_gpio_leak] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_gpio_phandles] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_gpio_requestf] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_i2c_bytewise] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_i2c_find] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_i2c_offset] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_i2c_offset_len] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_i2c_probe_empty] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_i2c_read_write] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_i2c_speed] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_leak] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_led_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_led_gpio] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_led_label] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_lifecycle] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_mmc_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_net_retry] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_operations] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_ordering] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_pci_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_pci_busnum] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_pci_swapcase] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_platdata] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_power_pmic_get] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_power_pmic_io] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_power_regulator_autoset] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_power_regulator_autoset_list] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_power_regulator_get] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_power_regulator_set_get_current] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_power_regulator_set_get_enable] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_power_regulator_set_get_mode] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_power_regulator_set_get_voltage] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_pre_reloc] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_ram_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_regmap_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_regmap_syscon] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_remoteproc_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_remove] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_reset_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_reset_walk] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_rtc_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_rtc_dual] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_rtc_reset] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_rtc_set_get] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_spi_find] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_spi_flash] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_spi_xfer] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_syscon_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_syscon_by_driver_data] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_timer_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_uclass] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_uclass_before_ready] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_uclass_devices_find] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_uclass_devices_find_by_name] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_uclass_devices_get] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_uclass_devices_get_by_name] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_usb_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_usb_flash] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_usb_keyb] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_usb_multi] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_usb_remove] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_usb_tree] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_usb_tree_remove] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_usb_tree_reorder] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_base] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_bmp] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_bmp_comp] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_chars] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_context] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_rotation1] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_rotation2] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_rotation3] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_text] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_truetype] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_truetype_bs] PASSED
test/py/tests/test_ut.py::test_ut[ut_dm_video_truetype_scroll] PASSED
======================= 84 tests deselected by '-kut_dm' =======================
================== 115 passed, 84 deselected in 3.77 seconds ===================
======================= 84 tests deselected by '-kut_dm' =======================
================== 115 passed, 84 deselected in 3.77 seconds ===================
What is going on?
-----------------
@ -228,6 +234,8 @@ What is going on?
Let's start at the top. The demo command is in common/cmd_demo.c. It does
the usual command processing and then:
.. code-block:: c
struct udevice *demo_dev;
ret = uclass_get_device(UCLASS_DEMO, devnum, &demo_dev);
@ -245,6 +253,8 @@ The device is automatically activated ready for use by uclass_get_device().
Now that we have the device we can do things like:
.. code-block:: c
return demo_hello(demo_dev, ch);
This function is in the demo uclass. It takes care of calling the 'hello'
@ -253,28 +263,32 @@ this particular device may use one or other of them.
The code for demo_hello() is in drivers/demo/demo-uclass.c:
int demo_hello(struct udevice *dev, int ch)
{
const struct demo_ops *ops = device_get_ops(dev);
.. code-block:: c
if (!ops->hello)
return -ENOSYS;
int demo_hello(struct udevice *dev, int ch)
{
const struct demo_ops *ops = device_get_ops(dev);
return ops->hello(dev, ch);
}
if (!ops->hello)
return -ENOSYS;
return ops->hello(dev, ch);
}
As you can see it just calls the relevant driver method. One of these is
in drivers/demo/demo-simple.c:
static int simple_hello(struct udevice *dev, int ch)
{
const struct dm_demo_pdata *pdata = dev_get_platdata(dev);
.. code-block:: c
printf("Hello from %08x: %s %d\n", map_to_sysmem(dev),
pdata->colour, pdata->sides);
static int simple_hello(struct udevice *dev, int ch)
{
const struct dm_demo_pdata *pdata = dev_get_platdata(dev);
return 0;
}
printf("Hello from %08x: %s %d\n", map_to_sysmem(dev),
pdata->colour, pdata->sides);
return 0;
}
So that is a trip from top (command execution) to bottom (driver action)
@ -287,17 +301,19 @@ Declaring Drivers
A driver declaration looks something like this (see
drivers/demo/demo-shape.c):
static const struct demo_ops shape_ops = {
.hello = shape_hello,
.status = shape_status,
};
.. code-block:: c
U_BOOT_DRIVER(demo_shape_drv) = {
.name = "demo_shape_drv",
.id = UCLASS_DEMO,
.ops = &shape_ops,
.priv_data_size = sizeof(struct shape_data),
};
static const struct demo_ops shape_ops = {
.hello = shape_hello,
.status = shape_status,
};
U_BOOT_DRIVER(demo_shape_drv) = {
.name = "demo_shape_drv",
.id = UCLASS_DEMO,
.ops = &shape_ops,
.priv_data_size = sizeof(struct shape_data),
};
This driver has two methods (hello and status) and requires a bit of
@ -315,11 +331,11 @@ so driver model can find the drivers that are available.
The methods a device can provide are documented in the device.h header.
Briefly, they are:
bind - make the driver model aware of a device (bind it to its driver)
unbind - make the driver model forget the device
ofdata_to_platdata - convert device tree data to platdata - see later
probe - make a device ready for use
remove - remove a device so it cannot be used until probed again
* bind - make the driver model aware of a device (bind it to its driver)
* unbind - make the driver model forget the device
* ofdata_to_platdata - convert device tree data to platdata - see later
* probe - make a device ready for use
* remove - remove a device so it cannot be used until probed again
The sequence to get a device to work is bind, ofdata_to_platdata (if using
device tree) and probe.
@ -328,14 +344,14 @@ device tree) and probe.
Platform Data
-------------
*** Note: platform data is the old way of doing things. It is
*** basically a C structure which is passed to drivers to tell them about
*** platform-specific settings like the address of its registers, bus
*** speed, etc. Device tree is now the preferred way of handling this.
*** Unless you have a good reason not to use device tree (the main one
*** being you need serial support in SPL and don't have enough SRAM for
*** the cut-down device tree and libfdt libraries) you should stay away
*** from platform data.
Note: platform data is the old way of doing things. It is
basically a C structure which is passed to drivers to tell them about
platform-specific settings like the address of its registers, bus
speed, etc. Device tree is now the preferred way of handling this.
Unless you have a good reason not to use device tree (the main one
being you need serial support in SPL and don't have enough SRAM for
the cut-down device tree and libfdt libraries) you should stay away
from platform data.
Platform data is like Linux platform data, if you are familiar with that.
It provides the board-specific information to start up a device.
@ -366,9 +382,9 @@ Examples of platform data include:
- The base address of the IP block's register space
- Configuration options, like:
- the SPI polarity and maximum speed for a SPI controller
- the I2C speed to use for an I2C device
- the number of GPIOs available in a GPIO device
- the SPI polarity and maximum speed for a SPI controller
- the I2C speed to use for an I2C device
- the number of GPIOs available in a GPIO device
Where does the platform data come from? It is either held in a structure
which is compiled into U-Boot, or it can be parsed from the Device Tree
@ -384,10 +400,13 @@ Drivers can access their data via dev->info->platdata. Here is
the declaration for the platform data, which would normally appear
in the board file.
.. code-block:: c
static const struct dm_demo_cdata red_square = {
.colour = "red",
.sides = 4.
};
static const struct driver_info info[] = {
{
.name = "demo_shape_drv",
@ -409,6 +428,8 @@ necessary.
With device tree we replace the above code with the following device tree
fragment:
.. code-block:: c
red-square {
compatible = "demo-shape";
colour = "red";
@ -425,6 +446,8 @@ the board first!).
The easiest way to make this work it to add a few members to the driver:
.. code-block:: c
.platdata_auto_alloc_size = sizeof(struct dm_test_pdata),
.ofdata_to_platdata = testfdt_ofdata_to_platdata,
@ -464,9 +487,11 @@ Declaring Uclasses
The demo uclass is declared like this:
U_BOOT_CLASS(demo) = {
.id = UCLASS_DEMO,
};
.. code-block:: c
U_BOOT_CLASS(demo) = {
.id = UCLASS_DEMO,
};
It is also possible to specify special methods for probe, etc. The uclass
numbering comes from include/dm/uclass.h. To add a new uclass, add to the
@ -496,9 +521,11 @@ device will be automatically allocated the next available sequence number.
To specify the sequence number in the device tree an alias is typically
used. Make sure that the uclass has the DM_UC_FLAG_SEQ_ALIAS flag set.
aliases {
serial2 = "/serial@22230000";
};
.. code-block:: none
aliases {
serial2 = "/serial@22230000";
};
This indicates that in the uclass called "serial", the named node
("/serial@22230000") will be given sequence number 2. Any command or driver
@ -506,13 +533,15 @@ which requests serial device 2 will obtain this device.
More commonly you can use node references, which expand to the full path:
aliases {
serial2 = &serial_2;
};
...
serial_2: serial@22230000 {
...
};
.. code-block:: none
aliases {
serial2 = &serial_2;
};
...
serial_2: serial@22230000 {
...
};
The alias resolves to the same string in this case, but this version is
easier to read.
@ -547,7 +576,7 @@ children are bound and probed.
Here an explanation of how a bus fits with a uclass may be useful. Consider
a USB bus with several devices attached to it, each from a different (made
up) uclass:
up) uclass::
xhci_usb (UCLASS_USB)
eth (UCLASS_ETHERNET)
@ -579,7 +608,7 @@ Note that the information that controls this behaviour is in the bus's
driver, not the child's. In fact it is possible that child has no knowledge
that it is connected to a bus. The same child device may even be used on two
different bus types. As an example. the 'flash' device shown above may also
be connected on a SATA bus or standalone with no bus:
be connected on a SATA bus or standalone with no bus::
xhci_usb (UCLASS_USB)
flash (UCLASS_FLASH_STORAGE) - parent data/methods defined by USB bus
@ -613,20 +642,21 @@ methods mentioned here are optional - e.g. if there is no probe() method for
a device then it will not be called. A simple device may have very few
methods actually defined.
1. Bind stage
Bind stage
^^^^^^^^^^
U-Boot discovers devices using one of these two methods:
- Scan the U_BOOT_DEVICE() definitions. U-Boot looks up the name specified
by each, to find the appropriate U_BOOT_DRIVER() definition. In this case,
there is no path by which driver_data may be provided, but the U_BOOT_DEVICE()
may provide platdata.
- Scan the U_BOOT_DEVICE() definitions. U-Boot looks up the name specified
by each, to find the appropriate U_BOOT_DRIVER() definition. In this case,
there is no path by which driver_data may be provided, but the U_BOOT_DEVICE()
may provide platdata.
- Scan through the device tree definitions. U-Boot looks at top-level
nodes in the the device tree. It looks at the compatible string in each node
and uses the of_match table of the U_BOOT_DRIVER() structure to find the
right driver for each node. In this case, the of_match table may provide a
driver_data value, but platdata cannot be provided until later.
- Scan through the device tree definitions. U-Boot looks at top-level
nodes in the the device tree. It looks at the compatible string in each node
and uses the of_match table of the U_BOOT_DRIVER() structure to find the
right driver for each node. In this case, the of_match table may provide a
driver_data value, but platdata cannot be provided until later.
For each device that is discovered, U-Boot then calls device_bind() to create a
new device, initializes various core fields of the device object such as name,
@ -653,45 +683,46 @@ probe/remove which is independent of bind/unbind. This is partly because in
U-Boot it may be expensive to probe devices and we don't want to do it until
they are needed, or perhaps until after relocation.
2. Activation/probe
Activation/probe
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
When a device needs to be used, U-Boot activates it, by following these
steps (see device_probe()):
a. If priv_auto_alloc_size is non-zero, then the device-private space
1. If priv_auto_alloc_size is non-zero, then the device-private space
is allocated for the device and zeroed. It will be accessible as
dev->priv. The driver can put anything it likes in there, but should use
it for run-time information, not platform data (which should be static
and known before the device is probed).
b. If platdata_auto_alloc_size is non-zero, then the platform data space
2. If platdata_auto_alloc_size is non-zero, then the platform data space
is allocated. This is only useful for device tree operation, since
otherwise you would have to specific the platform data in the
U_BOOT_DEVICE() declaration. The space is allocated for the device and
zeroed. It will be accessible as dev->platdata.
c. If the device's uclass specifies a non-zero per_device_auto_alloc_size,
3. If the device's uclass specifies a non-zero per_device_auto_alloc_size,
then this space is allocated and zeroed also. It is allocated for and
stored in the device, but it is uclass data. owned by the uclass driver.
It is possible for the device to access it.
d. If the device's immediate parent specifies a per_child_auto_alloc_size
4. If the device's immediate parent specifies a per_child_auto_alloc_size
then this space is allocated. This is intended for use by the parent
device to keep track of things related to the child. For example a USB
flash stick attached to a USB host controller would likely use this
space. The controller can hold information about the USB state of each
of its children.
e. All parent devices are probed. It is not possible to activate a device
5. All parent devices are probed. It is not possible to activate a device
unless its predecessors (all the way up to the root device) are activated.
This means (for example) that an I2C driver will require that its bus
be activated.
f. The device's sequence number is assigned, either the requested one
6. The device's sequence number is assigned, either the requested one
(assuming no conflicts) or the next available one if there is a conflict
or nothing particular is requested.
g. If the driver provides an ofdata_to_platdata() method, then this is
7. If the driver provides an ofdata_to_platdata() method, then this is
called to convert the device tree data into platform data. This should
do various calls like fdtdec_get_int(gd->fdt_blob, dev_of_offset(dev), ...)
to access the node and store the resulting information into dev->platdata.
@ -707,7 +738,7 @@ steps (see device_probe()):
data, one day it is possible that U-Boot will cache platform data for
devices which are regularly de/activated).
h. The device's probe() method is called. This should do anything that
8. The device's probe() method is called. This should do anything that
is required by the device to get it going. This could include checking
that the hardware is actually present, setting up clocks for the
hardware and setting up hardware registers to initial values. The code
@ -722,40 +753,42 @@ steps (see device_probe()):
allocate the priv space here yourself. The same applies also to
platdata_auto_alloc_size. Remember to free them in the remove() method.
i. The device is marked 'activated'
9. The device is marked 'activated'
j. The uclass's post_probe() method is called, if one exists. This may
10. The uclass's post_probe() method is called, if one exists. This may
cause the uclass to do some housekeeping to record the device as
activated and 'known' by the uclass.
3. Running stage
Running stage
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
The device is now activated and can be used. From now until it is removed
all of the above structures are accessible. The device appears in the
uclass's list of devices (so if the device is in UCLASS_GPIO it will appear
as a device in the GPIO uclass). This is the 'running' state of the device.
4. Removal stage
Removal stage
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
When the device is no-longer required, you can call device_remove() to
remove it. This performs the probe steps in reverse:
a. The uclass's pre_remove() method is called, if one exists. This may
1. The uclass's pre_remove() method is called, if one exists. This may
cause the uclass to do some housekeeping to record the device as
deactivated and no-longer 'known' by the uclass.
b. All the device's children are removed. It is not permitted to have
2. All the device's children are removed. It is not permitted to have
an active child device with a non-active parent. This means that
device_remove() is called for all the children recursively at this point.
c. The device's remove() method is called. At this stage nothing has been
3. The device's remove() method is called. At this stage nothing has been
deallocated so platform data, private data and the uclass data will all
still be present. This is where the hardware can be shut down. It is
intended that the device be completely inactive at this point, For U-Boot
to be sure that no hardware is running, it should be enough to remove
all devices.
d. The device memory is freed (platform data, private data, uclass data,
4. The device memory is freed (platform data, private data, uclass data,
parent data).
Note: Because the platform data for a U_BOOT_DEVICE() is defined with a
@ -764,25 +797,26 @@ remove it. This performs the probe steps in reverse:
be dynamically allocated, and thus needs to be deallocated during the
remove() method, either:
1. if the platdata_auto_alloc_size is non-zero, the deallocation
happens automatically within the driver model core; or
- if the platdata_auto_alloc_size is non-zero, the deallocation
happens automatically within the driver model core; or
2. when platdata_auto_alloc_size is 0, both the allocation (in probe()
or preferably ofdata_to_platdata()) and the deallocation in remove()
are the responsibility of the driver author.
- when platdata_auto_alloc_size is 0, both the allocation (in probe()
or preferably ofdata_to_platdata()) and the deallocation in remove()
are the responsibility of the driver author.
e. The device sequence number is set to -1, meaning that it no longer
5. The device sequence number is set to -1, meaning that it no longer
has an allocated sequence. If the device is later reactivated and that
sequence number is still free, it may well receive the name sequence
number again. But from this point, the sequence number previously used
by this device will no longer exist (think of SPI bus 2 being removed
and bus 2 is no longer available for use).
f. The device is marked inactive. Note that it is still bound, so the
6. The device is marked inactive. Note that it is still bound, so the
device structure itself is not freed at this point. Should the device be
activated again, then the cycle starts again at step 2 above.
5. Unbind stage
Unbind stage
^^^^^^^^^^^^
The device is unbound. This is the step that actually destroys the device.
If a parent has children these will be destroyed first. After this point
@ -805,24 +839,24 @@ For the record, this implementation uses a very similar approach to the
original patches, but makes at least the following changes:
- Tried to aggressively remove boilerplate, so that for most drivers there
is little or no 'driver model' code to write.
is little or no 'driver model' code to write.
- Moved some data from code into data structure - e.g. store a pointer to
the driver operations structure in the driver, rather than passing it
to the driver bind function.
the driver operations structure in the driver, rather than passing it
to the driver bind function.
- Rename some structures to make them more similar to Linux (struct udevice
instead of struct instance, struct platdata, etc.)
instead of struct instance, struct platdata, etc.)
- Change the name 'core' to 'uclass', meaning U-Boot class. It seems that
this concept relates to a class of drivers (or a subsystem). We shouldn't
use 'class' since it is a C++ reserved word, so U-Boot class (uclass) seems
better than 'core'.
this concept relates to a class of drivers (or a subsystem). We shouldn't
use 'class' since it is a C++ reserved word, so U-Boot class (uclass) seems
better than 'core'.
- Remove 'struct driver_instance' and just use a single 'struct udevice'.
This removes a level of indirection that doesn't seem necessary.
This removes a level of indirection that doesn't seem necessary.
- Built in device tree support, to avoid the need for platdata
- Removed the concept of driver relocation, and just make it possible for
the new driver (created after relocation) to access the old driver data.
I feel that relocation is a very special case and will only apply to a few
drivers, many of which can/will just re-init anyway. So the overhead of
dealing with this might not be worth it.
the new driver (created after relocation) to access the old driver data.
I feel that relocation is a very special case and will only apply to a few
drivers, many of which can/will just re-init anyway. So the overhead of
dealing with this might not be worth it.
- Implemented a GPIO system, trying to keep it simple
@ -903,12 +937,3 @@ change this to dynamic numbering, but then we would require some sort of
lookup service, perhaps searching by name. This is slightly less efficient
so has been left out for now. One small advantage of dynamic numbering might
be fewer merge conflicts in uclass-id.h.
Simon Glass
sjg@chromium.org
April 2013
Updated 7-May-13
Updated 14-Jun-13
Updated 18-Oct-13
Updated 5-Nov-13

56
doc/driver-model/fdt-fixup.txt → doc/driver-model/fdt-fixup.rst
View file

@ -1,15 +1,11 @@
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. 2017-01-06, Mario Six <mario.six@gdsys.cc>
Pre-relocation device tree manipulation
=======================================
Contents:
1. Purpose
2. Implementation
3. Example
4. Work to be done
1. Purpose
----------
Purpose
-------
In certain markets, it is beneficial for manufacturers of embedded devices to
offer certain ranges of products, where the functionality of the devices within
@ -61,14 +57,16 @@ we have the pre-relocation driver model at our disposal at this stage, which
means that we can query the hardware for the existence and variety of the
components easily.
2. Implementation
-----------------
Implementation
--------------
To take advantage of the pre-relocation device tree manipulation mechanism,
boards have to implement the function board_fix_fdt, which has the following
signature:
int board_fix_fdt (void *rw_fdt_blob)
.. code-block:: c
int board_fix_fdt (void *rw_fdt_blob)
The passed-in void pointer is a writeable pointer to the device tree, which can
be used to manipulate the device tree using e.g. functions from
@ -79,10 +77,10 @@ unrecoverably halt the boot process, as with any function from init_sequence_f
(in common/board_f.c).
Furthermore, the Kconfig option OF_BOARD_FIXUP has to be set for the function
to be called:
to be called::
Device Tree Control
-> [*] Board-specific manipulation of Device Tree
Device Tree Control
-> [*] Board-specific manipulation of Device Tree
+----------------------------------------------------------+
| WARNING: The actual manipulation of the device tree has |
@ -97,23 +95,27 @@ Device Tree Control
Hence, the recommended layout of the board_fixup_fdt call-back function is the
following:
int board_fix_fdt(void *rw_fdt_blob)
{
/* Collect information about device's hardware and store them in e.g.
local variables */
.. code-block:: c
/* Do device tree manipulation using the values previously collected */
int board_fix_fdt(void *rw_fdt_blob)
{
/*
* Collect information about device's hardware and store
* them in e.g. local variables
*/
/* Return 0 on successful manipulation and non-zero otherwise */
}
/* Do device tree manipulation using the values previously collected */
/* Return 0 on successful manipulation and non-zero otherwise */
}
If this convention is kept, both an "additive" approach, meaning that nodes for
detected components are added to the device tree, as well as a "subtractive"
approach, meaning that nodes for absent components are removed from the tree,
as well as a combination of both approaches should work.
3. Example
----------
Example
-------
The controlcenterdc board (board/gdsys/a38x/controlcenterdc.c) features a
board_fix_fdt function, in which six GPIO expanders (which might be present or
@ -123,10 +125,8 @@ subsequently deactivated in the device tree if they are not present.
Note that the dm_i2c_simple_probe function does not use the device tree, hence
it is safe to call it after the tree has already been manipulated.
4. Work to be done
------------------
Work to be done
---------------
* The application of device tree overlay should be possible in board_fixup_fdt,
but has not been tested at this stage.
2017-01-06, Mario Six <mario.six@gdsys.cc>

154
doc/driver-model/fs_firmware_loader.rst Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. Copyright (C) 2018-2019 Intel Corporation <www.intel.com>
File System Firmware Loader
===========================
This is file system firmware loader for U-Boot framework, which has very close
to some Linux Firmware API. For the details of Linux Firmware API, you can refer
to https://01.org/linuxgraphics/gfx-docs/drm/driver-api/firmware/index.html.
File system firmware loader can be used to load whatever(firmware, image,
and binary) from the storage device in file system format into target location
such as memory, then consumer driver such as FPGA driver can program FPGA image
from the target location into FPGA.
To enable firmware loader, CONFIG_FS_LOADER need to be set at
<board_name>_defconfig such as "CONFIG_FS_LOADER=y".
Firmware Loader API core features
---------------------------------
Firmware storage device described in device tree source
-------------------------------------------------------
For passing data like storage device phandle and partition where the
firmware loading from to the firmware loader driver, those data could be
defined in fs-loader node as shown in below:
Example for block device::
fs_loader0: fs-loader {
u-boot,dm-pre-reloc;
compatible = "u-boot,fs-loader";
phandlepart = <&mmc 1>;
};
<&mmc 1> means block storage device pointer and its partition.
Above example is a description for block storage, but for UBI storage
device, it can be described in FDT as shown in below:
Example for ubi::
fs_loader1: fs-loader {
u-boot,dm-pre-reloc;
compatible = "u-boot,fs-loader";
mtdpart = "UBI",
ubivol = "ubi0";
};
Then, firmware-loader property can be added with any device node, which
driver would use the firmware loader for loading.
The value of the firmware-loader property should be set with phandle
of the fs-loader node. For example::
firmware-loader = <&fs_loader0>;
If there are majority of devices using the same fs-loader node, then
firmware-loader property can be added under /chosen node instead of
adding to each of device node.
For example::
/{
chosen {
firmware-loader = <&fs_loader0>;
};
};
In each respective driver of devices using firmware loader, the firmware
loaded instance should be created by DT phandle.
For example of getting DT phandle from /chosen and creating instance:
.. code-block:: c
chosen_node = ofnode_path("/chosen");
if (!ofnode_valid(chosen_node)) {
debug("/chosen node was not found.\n");
return -ENOENT;
}
phandle_p = ofnode_get_property(chosen_node, "firmware-loader", &size);
if (!phandle_p) {
debug("firmware-loader property was not found.\n");
return -ENOENT;
}
phandle = fdt32_to_cpu(*phandle_p);
ret = uclass_get_device_by_phandle_id(UCLASS_FS_FIRMWARE_LOADER,
phandle, &dev);
if (ret)
return ret;
Firmware loader driver is also designed to support U-boot environment
variables, so all these data from FDT can be overwritten
through the U-boot environment variable during run time.
For examples:
storage_interface:
Storage interface, it can be "mmc", "usb", "sata" or "ubi".
fw_dev_part:
Block device number and its partition, it can be "0:1".
fw_ubi_mtdpart:
UBI device mtd partition, it can be "UBI".
fw_ubi_volume:
UBI volume, it can be "ubi0".
When above environment variables are set, environment values would be
used instead of data from FDT.
The benefit of this design allows user to change storage attribute data
at run time through U-boot console and saving the setting as default
environment values in the storage for the next power cycle, so no
compilation is required for both driver and FDT.
File system firmware Loader API
-------------------------------
.. code-block:: c
int request_firmware_into_buf(struct udevice *dev,
const char *name,
void *buf, size_t size, u32 offset)
Load firmware into a previously allocated buffer
Parameters:
* struct udevice \*dev: An instance of a driver
* const char \*name: name of firmware file
* void \*buf: address of buffer to load firmware into
* size_t size: size of buffer
* u32 offset: offset of a file for start reading into buffer
Returns:
size of total read
-ve when error
Description:
The firmware is loaded directly into the buffer pointed to by buf
Example of calling request_firmware_into_buf API after creating firmware loader
instance:
.. code-block:: c
ret = uclass_get_device_by_phandle_id(UCLASS_FS_FIRMWARE_LOADER,
phandle, &dev);
if (ret)
return ret;
request_firmware_into_buf(dev, filename, buffer_location, buffer_size,
offset_ofreading);

148
doc/driver-model/fs_firmware_loader.txt
View file

@ -1,148 +0,0 @@
# Copyright (C) 2018-2019 Intel Corporation <www.intel.com>
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
Introduction
============
This is file system firmware loader for U-Boot framework, which has very close
to some Linux Firmware API. For the details of Linux Firmware API, you can refer
to https://01.org/linuxgraphics/gfx-docs/drm/driver-api/firmware/index.html.
File system firmware loader can be used to load whatever(firmware, image,
and binary) from the storage device in file system format into target location
such as memory, then consumer driver such as FPGA driver can program FPGA image
from the target location into FPGA.
To enable firmware loader, CONFIG_FS_LOADER need to be set at
<board_name>_defconfig such as "CONFIG_FS_LOADER=y".
Firmware Loader API core features
---------------------------------
Firmware storage device described in device tree source
-------------------------------------------------------
For passing data like storage device phandle and partition where the
firmware loading from to the firmware loader driver, those data could be
defined in fs-loader node as shown in below:
Example for block device:
fs_loader0: fs-loader {
u-boot,dm-pre-reloc;
compatible = "u-boot,fs-loader";
phandlepart = <&mmc 1>;
};
<&mmc 1> means block storage device pointer and its partition.
Above example is a description for block storage, but for UBI storage
device, it can be described in FDT as shown in below:
Example for ubi:
fs_loader1: fs-loader {
u-boot,dm-pre-reloc;
compatible = "u-boot,fs-loader";
mtdpart = "UBI",
ubivol = "ubi0";
};
Then, firmware-loader property can be added with any device node, which
driver would use the firmware loader for loading.
The value of the firmware-loader property should be set with phandle
of the fs-loader node.
For example:
firmware-loader = <&fs_loader0>;
If there are majority of devices using the same fs-loader node, then
firmware-loader property can be added under /chosen node instead of
adding to each of device node.
For example:
/{
chosen {
firmware-loader = <&fs_loader0>;
};
};
In each respective driver of devices using firmware loader, the firmware
loaded instance should be created by DT phandle.
For example of getting DT phandle from /chosen and creating instance:
chosen_node = ofnode_path("/chosen");
if (!ofnode_valid(chosen_node)) {
debug("/chosen node was not found.\n");
return -ENOENT;
}
phandle_p = ofnode_get_property(chosen_node, "firmware-loader", &size);
if (!phandle_p) {
debug("firmware-loader property was not found.\n");
return -ENOENT;
}
phandle = fdt32_to_cpu(*phandle_p);
ret = uclass_get_device_by_phandle_id(UCLASS_FS_FIRMWARE_LOADER,
phandle, &dev);
if (ret)
return ret;
Firmware loader driver is also designed to support U-boot environment
variables, so all these data from FDT can be overwritten
through the U-boot environment variable during run time.
For examples:
"storage_interface" - Storage interface, it can be "mmc", "usb", "sata"
or "ubi".
"fw_dev_part" - Block device number and its partition, it can be "0:1".
"fw_ubi_mtdpart" - UBI device mtd partition, it can be "UBI".
"fw_ubi_volume" - UBI volume, it can be "ubi0".
When above environment variables are set, environment values would be
used instead of data from FDT.
The benefit of this design allows user to change storage attribute data
at run time through U-boot console and saving the setting as default
environment values in the storage for the next power cycle, so no
compilation is required for both driver and FDT.
File system firmware Loader API
-------------------------------
int request_firmware_into_buf(struct udevice *dev,
const char *name,
void *buf, size_t size, u32 offset)
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Load firmware into a previously allocated buffer
Parameters:
1. struct udevice *dev
An instance of a driver
2. const char *name
name of firmware file
3. void *buf
address of buffer to load firmware into
4. size_t size
size of buffer
5. u32 offset
offset of a file for start reading into buffer
return:
size of total read
-ve when error
Description:
The firmware is loaded directly into the buffer pointed to by buf
Example of calling request_firmware_into_buf API after creating firmware loader
instance:
ret = uclass_get_device_by_phandle_id(UCLASS_FS_FIRMWARE_LOADER,
phandle, &dev);
if (ret)
return ret;
request_firmware_into_buf(dev, filename, buffer_location, buffer_size,
offset_ofreading);

36
doc/driver-model/i2c-howto.txt → doc/driver-model/i2c-howto.rst
View file

@ -1,21 +1,23 @@
How to port a serial driver to driver model
===========================================
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
How to port an I2C driver to driver model
=========================================
Over half of the I2C drivers have been converted as at November 2016. These
ones remain:
adi_i2c
davinci_i2c
fti2c010
ihs_i2c
kona_i2c
lpc32xx_i2c
pca9564_i2c
ppc4xx_i2c
rcar_i2c
sh_i2c
soft_i2c
zynq_i2c
* adi_i2c
* davinci_i2c
* fti2c010
* ihs_i2c
* kona_i2c
* lpc32xx_i2c
* pca9564_i2c
* ppc4xx_i2c
* rcar_i2c
* sh_i2c
* soft_i2c
* zynq_i2c
The deadline for this work is the end of June 2017. If no one steps
forward to convert these, at some point there may come a patch to remove them!
@ -27,14 +29,14 @@ model. Please feel free to update this file with your ideas and suggestions.
- Define CONFIG_DM_I2C for your board, vendor or architecture
- If the board does not already use driver model, you need CONFIG_DM also
- Your board should then build, but will not work fully since there will be
no I2C driver
no I2C driver
- Add the U_BOOT_DRIVER piece at the end (e.g. copy tegra_i2c.c for example)
- Add a private struct for the driver data - avoid using static variables
- Implement each of the driver methods, perhaps by calling your old methods
- You may need to adjust the function parameters so that the old and new
implementations can share most of the existing code
implementations can share most of the existing code
- If you convert all existing users of the driver, remove the pre-driver-model
code
code
In terms of patches a conversion series typically has these patches:
- clean up / prepare the driver for conversion

21
doc/driver-model/index.rst Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
Driver Model
============
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
design
fdt-fixup
fs_firmware_loader
i2c-howto
livetree
migration
of-plat
pci-info
pmic-framework
remoteproc-framework
serial-howto
spi-howto
usb-info

94
doc/driver-model/livetree.txt → doc/driver-model/livetree.rst
View file

@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
Driver Model with Live Device Tree
==================================
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. sectionauthor:: Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Live Device Tree
================
Introduction
@ -20,7 +23,7 @@ Motivation
The flat device tree has several advantages:
- it is the format produced by the device tree compiler, so no translation
is needed
is needed
- it is fairly compact (e.g. there is no need for pointers)
@ -53,12 +56,12 @@ The 'ofnode' type provides this. An ofnode can point to either a flat tree
node (when the live tree node is not yet set up) or a livetree node. The
caller of an ofnode function does not need to worry about these details.
The main users of the information in a device tree are drivers. These have
a 'struct udevice *' which is attached to a device tree node. Therefore it
The main users of the information in a device tree are drivers. These have
a 'struct udevice \*' which is attached to a device tree node. Therefore it
makes sense to be able to read device tree properties using the
'struct udevice *', rather than having to obtain the ofnode first.
'struct udevice \*', rather than having to obtain the ofnode first.
The 'dev_read_...()' interface provides this. It allows properties to be
The 'dev_read\_...()' interface provides this. It allows properties to be
easily read from the device tree using only a device pointer. Under the
hood it uses ofnode so it works with both flat and live device trees.
@ -85,6 +88,8 @@ converted to use the dev_read_() interface.
For example, the old code may be like this:
.. code-block:: c
struct udevice *bus;
const void *blob = gd->fdt_blob;
int node = dev_of_offset(bus);
@ -94,17 +99,21 @@ For example, the old code may be like this:
The new code is:
.. code-block:: c
struct udevice *bus;
i2c_bus->regs = (struct i2c_ctlr *)dev_read_addr(dev);
plat->frequency = dev_read_u32_default(bus, "spi-max-frequency", 500000);
The dev_read_...() interface is more convenient and works with both the
The dev_read\_...() interface is more convenient and works with both the
flat and live device trees. See include/dm/read.h for a list of functions.
Where properties must be read from sub-nodes or other nodes, you must fall
back to using ofnode. For example, for old code like this:
.. code-block:: c
const void *blob = gd->fdt_blob;
int subnode;
@ -115,6 +124,8 @@ back to using ofnode. For example, for old code like this:
you should use:
.. code-block:: c
ofnode subnode;
ofnode_for_each_subnode(subnode, dev_ofnode(dev)) {
@ -128,8 +139,8 @@ Useful ofnode functions
The internal data structures of the livetree are defined in include/dm/of.h :
struct device_node - holds information about a device tree node
struct property - holds information about a property within a node
:struct device_node: holds information about a device tree node
:struct property: holds information about a property within a node
Nodes have pointers to their first property, their parent, their first child
and their sibling. This allows nodes to be linked together in a hierarchical
@ -149,20 +160,29 @@ For example it is invalid to call ofnode_to_no() when a flat tree is being
used. Similarly it is not possible to call ofnode_to_offset() on a livetree
node.
ofnode_to_np() - converts ofnode to struct device_node *
ofnode_to_offset() - converts ofnode to offset
ofnode_to_np():
converts ofnode to struct device_node *
ofnode_to_offset():
converts ofnode to offset
no_to_ofnode() - converts node pointer to ofnode
offset_to_ofnode() - converts offset to ofnode
no_to_ofnode():
converts node pointer to ofnode
offset_to_ofnode():
converts offset to ofnode
Other useful functions:
of_live_active() returns true if livetree is in use, false if flat tree
ofnode_valid() return true if a given node is valid
ofnode_is_np() returns true if a given node is a livetree node
ofnode_equal() compares two ofnodes
ofnode_null() returns a null ofnode (for which ofnode_valid() returns false)
of_live_active():
returns true if livetree is in use, false if flat tree
ofnode_valid():
return true if a given node is valid
ofnode_is_np():
returns true if a given node is a livetree node
ofnode_equal():
compares two ofnodes
ofnode_null():
returns a null ofnode (for which ofnode_valid() returns false)
Phandles
@ -199,13 +219,13 @@ the flat tree.
Internal implementation
-----------------------
The dev_read_...() functions have two implementations. When
The dev_read\_...() functions have two implementations. When
CONFIG_DM_DEV_READ_INLINE is enabled, these functions simply call the ofnode
functions directly. This is useful when livetree is not enabled. The ofnode
functions call ofnode_is_np(node) which will always return false if livetree
is disabled, just falling back to flat tree code.
This optimisation means that without livetree enabled, the dev_read_...() and
This optimisation means that without livetree enabled, the dev_read\_...() and
ofnode interfaces do not noticeably add to code size.
The CONFIG_DM_DEV_READ_INLINE option defaults to enabled when livetree is
@ -225,7 +245,7 @@ Errors
With a flat device tree, libfdt errors are returned (e.g. -FDT_ERR_NOTFOUND).
For livetree normal 'errno' errors are returned (e.g. -ENOTFOUND). At present
the ofnode and dev_read_...() functions return either one or other type of
the ofnode and dev_read\_...() functions return either one or other type of
error. This is clearly not desirable. Once tests are added for all the
functions this can be tidied up.
@ -236,23 +256,22 @@ Adding new access functions
Adding a new function for device-tree access involves the following steps:
- Add two dev_read() functions:
- inline version in the read.h header file, which calls an ofnode
function
- standard version in the read.c file (or perhaps another file), which
also calls an ofnode function
- inline version in the read.h header file, which calls an ofnode function
- standard version in the read.c file (or perhaps another file), which
also calls an ofnode function
The implementations of these functions can be the same. The purpose
of the inline version is purely to reduce code size impact.
The implementations of these functions can be the same. The purpose
of the inline version is purely to reduce code size impact.
- Add an ofnode function. This should call ofnode_is_np() to work out
whether a livetree or flat tree is used. For the livetree it should
call an of_...() function. For the flat tree it should call an
fdt_...() function. The livetree version will be optimised out at
compile time if livetree is not enabled.
whether a livetree or flat tree is used. For the livetree it should
call an of\_...() function. For the flat tree it should call an
fdt\_...() function. The livetree version will be optimised out at
compile time if livetree is not enabled.
- Add an of_...() function for the livetree implementation. If a similar
function is available in Linux, the implementation should be taken
from there and modified as little as possible (generally not at all).
- Add an of\_...() function for the livetree implementation. If a similar
function is available in Linux, the implementation should be taken
from there and modified as little as possible (generally not at all).
Future work
@ -265,8 +284,3 @@ of work to do to flesh this out:
- support for livetree modification
- addition of more access functions as needed
- support for livetree in SPL and before relocation (if desired)
--
Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
5-Aug-17

44
doc/driver-model/MIGRATION.txt → doc/driver-model/migration.rst
View file

@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
Migration Schedule
====================
==================
U-Boot has been migrating to a new driver model since its introduction in
2014. This file describes the schedule for deprecation of pre-driver-model
@ -8,8 +10,8 @@ features.
CONFIG_DM_MMC
-------------
Status: In progress
Deadline: 2019.04
* Status: In progress
* Deadline: 2019.04
The subsystem itself has been converted and maintainers should submit patches
switching over to using CONFIG_DM_MMC and other base driver model options in
@ -18,8 +20,8 @@ time for inclusion in the 2019.04 rerelease.
CONFIG_DM_USB
-------------
Status: In progress
Deadline: 2019.07
* Status: In progress
* Deadline: 2019.07
The subsystem itself has been converted along with many of the host controller
and maintainers should submit patches switching over to using CONFIG_DM_USB and
@ -28,8 +30,8 @@ other base driver model options in time for inclusion in the 2019.07 rerelease.
CONFIG_SATA
-----------
Status: In progress
Deadline: 2019.07
* Status: In progress
* Deadline: 2019.07
The subsystem itself has been converted along with many of the host controller
and maintainers should submit patches switching over to using CONFIG_AHCI and
@ -38,8 +40,8 @@ other base driver model options in time for inclusion in the 2019.07 rerelease.
CONFIG_BLK
----------
Status: In progress
Deadline: 2019.07
* Status: In progress
* Deadline: 2019.07
In concert with maintainers migrating their block device usage to the
appropriate DM driver, CONFIG_BLK needs to be set as well. The final deadline
@ -48,14 +50,14 @@ subsystems. At this point we will be able to audit and correct the logic in
Kconfig around using CONFIG_PARTITIONS and CONFIG_HAVE_BLOCK_DEVICE and make
use of CONFIG_BLK / CONFIG_SPL_BLK as needed.
CONFIG_DM_SPI
CONFIG_DM_SPI_FLASH
-------------------
CONFIG_DM_SPI / CONFIG_DM_SPI_FLASH
-----------------------------------
Board Maintainers should submit the patches for enabling DM_SPI and DM_SPI_FLASH
to move the migration with in the deadline.
No dm conversion yet:
No dm conversion yet::
drivers/spi/cf_spi.c
drivers/spi/fsl_espi.c
drivers/spi/lpc32xx_ssp.c
@ -63,10 +65,11 @@ No dm conversion yet:
drivers/spi/sh_spi.c
drivers/spi/soft_spi_legacy.c
Status: In progress
Deadline: 2019.04
* Status: In progress
* Deadline: 2019.04
Partially converted::
Partially converted:
drivers/spi/davinci_spi.c
drivers/spi/fsl_dspi.c
drivers/spi/kirkwood_spi.c
@ -74,13 +77,8 @@ Partially converted:
drivers/spi/omap3_spi.c
drivers/spi/sh_qspi.c
Status: In progress
Deadline: 2019.07
--
Jagan Teki <jagan@openedev.com>
12/24/2018
03/14/2018
* Status: In progress
* Deadline: 2019.07
CONFIG_DM_PCI

193
doc/driver-model/of-plat.txt → doc/driver-model/of-plat.rst
View file

@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
Driver Model Compiled-in Device Tree / Platform Data
====================================================
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
Compiled-in Device Tree / Platform Data
=======================================
Introduction
@ -40,36 +42,36 @@ There are many problems with this features. It should only be used when
strictly necessary. Notable problems include:
- Device tree does not describe data types. But the C code must define a
type for each property. These are guessed using heuristics which
are wrong in several fairly common cases. For example an 8-byte value
is considered to be a 2-item integer array, and is byte-swapped. A
boolean value that is not present means 'false', but cannot be
included in the structures since there is generally no mention of it
in the device tree file.
type for each property. These are guessed using heuristics which
are wrong in several fairly common cases. For example an 8-byte value
is considered to be a 2-item integer array, and is byte-swapped. A
boolean value that is not present means 'false', but cannot be
included in the structures since there is generally no mention of it
in the device tree file.
- Naming of nodes and properties is automatic. This means that they follow
the naming in the device tree, which may result in C identifiers that
look a bit strange.
the naming in the device tree, which may result in C identifiers that
look a bit strange.
- It is not possible to find a value given a property name. Code must use
the associated C member variable directly in the code. This makes
the code less robust in the face of device-tree changes. It also
makes it very unlikely that your driver code will be useful for more
than one SoC. Even if the code is common, each SoC will end up with
a different C struct name, and a likely a different format for the
platform data.
the associated C member variable directly in the code. This makes
the code less robust in the face of device-tree changes. It also
makes it very unlikely that your driver code will be useful for more
than one SoC. Even if the code is common, each SoC will end up with
a different C struct name, and a likely a different format for the
platform data.
- The platform data is provided to drivers as a C structure. The driver
must use the same structure to access the data. Since a driver
normally also supports device tree it must use #ifdef to separate
out this code, since the structures are only available in SPL.
must use the same structure to access the data. Since a driver
normally also supports device tree it must use #ifdef to separate
out this code, since the structures are only available in SPL.
- Correct relations between nodes are not implemented. This means that
parent/child relations (like bus device iteration) do not work yet.
Some phandles (those that are recognised as such) are converted into
a pointer to platform data. This pointer can potentially be used to
access the referenced device (by searching for the pointer value).
This feature is not yet implemented, however.
parent/child relations (like bus device iteration) do not work yet.
Some phandles (those that are recognised as such) are converted into
a pointer to platform data. This pointer can potentially be used to
access the referenced device (by searching for the pointer value).
This feature is not yet implemented, however.
How it works
@ -78,30 +80,34 @@ How it works
The feature is enabled by CONFIG OF_PLATDATA. This is only available in
SPL/TPL and should be tested with:
#if CONFIG_IS_ENABLED(OF_PLATDATA)
.. code-block:: c
#if CONFIG_IS_ENABLED(OF_PLATDATA)
A new tool called 'dtoc' converts a device tree file either into a set of
struct declarations, one for each compatible node, and a set of
U_BOOT_DEVICE() declarations along with the actual platform data for each
device. As an example, consider this MMC node:
sdmmc: dwmmc@ff0c0000 {
compatible = "rockchip,rk3288-dw-mshc";
clock-freq-min-max = <400000 150000000>;
clocks = <&cru HCLK_SDMMC>, <&cru SCLK_SDMMC>,
<&cru SCLK_SDMMC_DRV>, <&cru SCLK_SDMMC_SAMPLE>;
clock-names = "biu", "ciu", "ciu_drv", "ciu_sample";
fifo-depth = <0x100>;
interrupts = <GIC_SPI 32 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
reg = <0xff0c0000 0x4000>;
bus-width = <4>;
cap-mmc-highspeed;
cap-sd-highspeed;
card-detect-delay = <200>;
disable-wp;
num-slots = <1>;
pinctrl-names = "default";
pinctrl-0 = <&sdmmc_clk>, <&sdmmc_cmd>, <&sdmmc_cd>, <&sdmmc_bus4>;
.. code-block:: none
sdmmc: dwmmc@ff0c0000 {
compatible = "rockchip,rk3288-dw-mshc";
clock-freq-min-max = <400000 150000000>;
clocks = <&cru HCLK_SDMMC>, <&cru SCLK_SDMMC>,
<&cru SCLK_SDMMC_DRV>, <&cru SCLK_SDMMC_SAMPLE>;
clock-names = "biu", "ciu", "ciu_drv", "ciu_sample";
fifo-depth = <0x100>;
interrupts = <GIC_SPI 32 IRQ_TYPE_LEVEL_HIGH>;
reg = <0xff0c0000 0x4000>;
bus-width = <4>;
cap-mmc-highspeed;
cap-sd-highspeed;
card-detect-delay = <200>;
disable-wp;
num-slots = <1>;
pinctrl-names = "default";
pinctrl-0 = <&sdmmc_clk>, <&sdmmc_cmd>, <&sdmmc_cd>, <&sdmmc_bus4>;
vmmc-supply = <&vcc_sd>;
status = "okay";
u-boot,dm-pre-reloc;
@ -112,52 +118,59 @@ Some of these properties are dropped by U-Boot under control of the
CONFIG_OF_SPL_REMOVE_PROPS option. The rest are processed. This will produce
the following C struct declaration:
struct dtd_rockchip_rk3288_dw_mshc {
fdt32_t bus_width;
bool cap_mmc_highspeed;
bool cap_sd_highspeed;
fdt32_t card_detect_delay;
fdt32_t clock_freq_min_max[2];
struct phandle_1_arg clocks[4];
bool disable_wp;
fdt32_t fifo_depth;
fdt32_t interrupts[3];
fdt32_t num_slots;
fdt32_t reg[2];
fdt32_t vmmc_supply;
};
.. code-block:: c
struct dtd_rockchip_rk3288_dw_mshc {
fdt32_t bus_width;
bool cap_mmc_highspeed;
bool cap_sd_highspeed;
fdt32_t card_detect_delay;
fdt32_t clock_freq_min_max[2];
struct phandle_1_arg clocks[4];
bool disable_wp;
fdt32_t fifo_depth;
fdt32_t interrupts[3];
fdt32_t num_slots;
fdt32_t reg[2];
fdt32_t vmmc_supply;
};
and the following device declaration:
static struct dtd_rockchip_rk3288_dw_mshc dtv_dwmmc_at_ff0c0000 = {
.fifo_depth = 0x100,
.cap_sd_highspeed = true,
.interrupts = {0x0, 0x20, 0x4},
.clock_freq_min_max = {0x61a80, 0x8f0d180},
.vmmc_supply = 0xb,
.num_slots = 0x1,
.clocks = {{&dtv_clock_controller_at_ff760000, 456},
{&dtv_clock_controller_at_ff760000, 68},
{&dtv_clock_controller_at_ff760000, 114},
{&dtv_clock_controller_at_ff760000, 118}},
.cap_mmc_highspeed = true,
.disable_wp = true,
.bus_width = 0x4,
.u_boot_dm_pre_reloc = true,
.reg = {0xff0c0000, 0x4000},
.card_detect_delay = 0xc8,
};
U_BOOT_DEVICE(dwmmc_at_ff0c0000) = {
.name = "rockchip_rk3288_dw_mshc",
.platdata = &dtv_dwmmc_at_ff0c0000,
.platdata_size = sizeof(dtv_dwmmc_at_ff0c0000),
};
.. code-block:: c
static struct dtd_rockchip_rk3288_dw_mshc dtv_dwmmc_at_ff0c0000 = {
.fifo_depth = 0x100,
.cap_sd_highspeed = true,
.interrupts = {0x0, 0x20, 0x4},
.clock_freq_min_max = {0x61a80, 0x8f0d180},
.vmmc_supply = 0xb,
.num_slots = 0x1,
.clocks = {{&dtv_clock_controller_at_ff760000, 456},
{&dtv_clock_controller_at_ff760000, 68},
{&dtv_clock_controller_at_ff760000, 114},
{&dtv_clock_controller_at_ff760000, 118}},
.cap_mmc_highspeed = true,
.disable_wp = true,
.bus_width = 0x4,
.u_boot_dm_pre_reloc = true,
.reg = {0xff0c0000, 0x4000},
.card_detect_delay = 0xc8,
};
U_BOOT_DEVICE(dwmmc_at_ff0c0000) = {
.name = "rockchip_rk3288_dw_mshc",
.platdata = &dtv_dwmmc_at_ff0c0000,
.platdata_size = sizeof(dtv_dwmmc_at_ff0c0000),
};
The device is then instantiated at run-time and the platform data can be
accessed using:
struct udevice *dev;
struct dtd_rockchip_rk3288_dw_mshc *plat = dev_get_platdata(dev);
.. code-block:: c
struct udevice *dev;
struct dtd_rockchip_rk3288_dw_mshc *plat = dev_get_platdata(dev);
This avoids the code overhead of converting the device tree data to
platform data in the driver. The ofdata_to_platdata() method should
@ -173,7 +186,9 @@ each 'compatible' string.
Where a node has multiple compatible strings, a #define is used to make them
equivalent, e.g.:
#define dtd_rockchip_rk3299_dw_mshc dtd_rockchip_rk3288_dw_mshc
.. code-block:: c
#define dtd_rockchip_rk3299_dw_mshc dtd_rockchip_rk3288_dw_mshc
Converting of-platdata to a useful form
@ -204,6 +219,8 @@ ofdata_to_platdata() method and wrapped with #if.
For example:
.. code-block:: c
#include <dt-structs.h>
struct mmc_platdata {
@ -313,12 +330,12 @@ This is an implementation of an idea by Tom Rini <trini@konsulko.com>.
Future work
-----------
- Consider programmatically reading binding files instead of device tree
contents
contents
- Complete the phandle feature
- Move to using a full Python libfdt module
--
Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
Google, Inc
6/6/16
Updated Independence Day 2016
.. Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
.. Google, Inc
.. 6/6/16
.. Updated Independence Day 2016

21
doc/driver-model/pci-info.txt → doc/driver-model/pci-info.rst
View file

@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
PCI with Driver Model
=====================
@ -7,8 +9,7 @@ How busses are scanned
Any config read will end up at pci_read_config(). This uses
uclass_get_device_by_seq() to get the PCI bus for a particular bus number.
Bus number 0 will need to be requested first, and the alias in the device
tree file will point to the correct device:
tree file will point to the correct device::
aliases {
pci0 = &pci;
@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ present, matching on it takes precedence over PCI IDs and PCI classes.
Note we must describe PCI devices with the same bus hierarchy as the
hardware, otherwise driver model cannot detect the correct parent/children
relationship during PCI bus enumeration thus PCI devices won't be bound to
their drivers accordingly. A working example like below:
their drivers accordingly. A working example like below::
pci {
#address-cells = <3>;
@ -113,7 +114,7 @@ Sandbox
With sandbox we need a device emulator for each device on the bus since there
is no real PCI bus. This works by looking in the device tree node for a
driver. For example:
driver. For example::
pci@1f,0 {
@ -129,11 +130,11 @@ Note that the first cell in the 'reg' value is the bus/device/function. See
PCI_BDF() for the encoding (it is also specified in the IEEE Std 1275-1994
PCI bus binding document, v2.1)
When this bus is scanned we will end up with something like this:
When this bus is scanned we will end up with something like this::
`- * pci-controller @ 05c660c8, 0
`- pci@1f,0 @ 05c661c8, 63488
`- emul@1f,0 @ 05c662c8
`- * pci-controller @ 05c660c8, 0
`- pci@1f,0 @ 05c661c8, 63488
`- emul@1f,0 @ 05c662c8
When accesses go to the pci@1f,0 device they are forwarded to its child, the
emulator.
@ -144,6 +145,8 @@ eliminating the need to provide any device tree node under the host controller
node. It is required a "sandbox,dev-info" property must be provided in the
host controller node for this functionality to work.
.. code-block:: none
pci1: pci-controller1 {
compatible = "sandbox,pci";
...
@ -156,7 +159,7 @@ Each dynamic PCI device is encoded as 4 cells a group. The first and second
cells are PCI device number and function number respectively. The third and
fourth cells are PCI vendor ID and device ID respectively.
When this bus is scanned we will end up with something like this:
When this bus is scanned we will end up with something like this::
pci [ + ] pci_sandbo |-- pci-controller1
pci_emul [ ] sandbox_sw | |-- sandbox_swap_case_emul

127
doc/driver-model/pmic-framework.txt → doc/driver-model/pmic-framework.rst
View file

@ -1,63 +1,59 @@
#
# (C) Copyright 2014-2015 Samsung Electronics
# Przemyslaw Marczak <p.marczak@samsung.com>
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
#
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. (C) Copyright 2014-2015 Samsung Electronics
.. sectionauthor:: Przemyslaw Marczak <p.marczak@samsung.com>
PMIC framework based on Driver Model
====================================
TOC:
1. Introduction
2. How does it work
3. Pmic uclass
4. Regulator uclass
1. Introduction
===============
Introduction
------------
This is an introduction to driver-model multi uclass PMIC IC's support.
At present it's based on two uclass types:
- UCLASS_PMIC - basic uclass type for PMIC I/O, which provides common
read/write interface.
- UCLASS_REGULATOR - additional uclass type for specific PMIC features,
which are Voltage/Current regulators.
UCLASS_PMIC:
basic uclass type for PMIC I/O, which provides common
read/write interface.
UCLASS_REGULATOR:
additional uclass type for specific PMIC features, which are
Voltage/Current regulators.
New files:
UCLASS_PMIC:
- drivers/power/pmic/pmic-uclass.c
- include/power/pmic.h
- drivers/power/pmic/pmic-uclass.c
- include/power/pmic.h
UCLASS_REGULATOR:
- drivers/power/regulator/regulator-uclass.c
- include/power/regulator.h
- drivers/power/regulator/regulator-uclass.c
- include/power/regulator.h
Commands:
- common/cmd_pmic.c
- common/cmd_regulator.c
2. How doees it work
====================
How doees it work
-----------------
The Power Management Integrated Circuits (PMIC) are used in embedded systems
to provide stable, precise and specific voltage power source with over-voltage
and thermal protection circuits.
The single PMIC can provide various functions by single or multiple interfaces,
like in the example below.
like in the example below::
-- SoC
|
| ______________________________________
| BUS 0 | Multi interface PMIC IC |--> LDO out 1
| e.g.I2C0 | |--> LDO out N
|-----------|---- PMIC device 0 (READ/WRITE ops) |
| or SPI0 | |_ REGULATOR device (ldo/... ops) |--> BUCK out 1
| | |_ CHARGER device (charger ops) |--> BUCK out M
| | |_ MUIC device (microUSB con ops) |
| BUS 1 | |_ ... |---> BATTERY
| e.g.I2C1 | |
|-----------|---- PMIC device 1 (READ/WRITE ops) |---> USB in 1
. or SPI1 | |_ RTC device (rtc ops) |---> USB in 2
. |______________________________________|---> USB out
.
-- SoC
|
| ______________________________________
| BUS 0 | Multi interface PMIC IC |--> LDO out 1
| e.g.I2C0 | |--> LDO out N
|-----------|---- PMIC device 0 (READ/WRITE ops) |
| or SPI0 | |_ REGULATOR device (ldo/... ops) |--> BUCK out 1
| | |_ CHARGER device (charger ops) |--> BUCK out M
| | |_ MUIC device (microUSB con ops) |
| BUS 1 | |_ ... |---> BATTERY
| e.g.I2C1 | |
|-----------|---- PMIC device 1 (READ/WRITE ops) |---> USB in 1
. or SPI1 | |_ RTC device (rtc ops) |---> USB in 2
. |______________________________________|---> USB out
.
Since U-Boot provides driver model features for I2C and SPI bus drivers,
the PMIC devices should also support this. By the pmic and regulator API's,
@ -66,26 +62,27 @@ and multi-instance device support.
Basic design assumptions:
- Common I/O API - UCLASS_PMIC
For the multi-function PMIC devices, this can be used as parent I/O device
for each IC's interface. Then, each children uses the same dev for read/write.
- Common I/O API:
UCLASS_PMIC. For the multi-function PMIC devices, this can be used as
parent I/O device for each IC's interface. Then, each children uses the
same dev for read/write.
- Common regulator API - UCLASS_REGULATOR
For driving the regulator attributes, auto setting function or command line
interface, based on kernel-style regulator device tree constraints.
- Common regulator API:
UCLASS_REGULATOR. For driving the regulator attributes, auto setting
function or command line interface, based on kernel-style regulator device
tree constraints.
For simple implementations, regulator drivers are not required, so the code can
use pmic read/write directly.
3. Pmic uclass
==============
Pmic uclass
-----------
The basic information:
* Uclass: 'UCLASS_PMIC'
* Header: 'include/power/pmic.h'
* Core: 'drivers/power/pmic/pmic-uclass.c'
config: 'CONFIG_DM_PMIC'
* Command: 'common/cmd_pmic.c'
config: 'CONFIG_CMD_PMIC'
* Core: 'drivers/power/pmic/pmic-uclass.c' (config 'CONFIG_DM_PMIC')
* Command: 'common/cmd_pmic.c' (config 'CONFIG_CMD_PMIC')
* Example: 'drivers/power/pmic/max77686.c'
For detailed API description, please refer to the header file.
@ -109,20 +106,26 @@ for pmic I/O operations only.
For more information, please refer to the core file.
4. Regulator uclass
===================
Regulator uclass
----------------
The basic information:
* Uclass: 'UCLASS_REGULATOR'
* Header: 'include/power/regulator.h'
* Core: 'drivers/power/regulator/regulator-uclass.c'
config: 'CONFIG_DM_REGULATOR'
binding: 'doc/device-tree-bindings/regulator/regulator.txt'
* Command: 'common/cmd_regulator.c'
config: 'CONFIG_CMD_REGULATOR'
* Uclass: 'UCLASS_REGULATOR'
* Header: 'include/power/regulator.h'
* Core: 'drivers/power/regulator/regulator-uclass.c'
(config 'CONFIG_DM_REGULATOR')
* Binding: 'doc/device-tree-bindings/regulator/regulator.txt'
* Command: 'common/cmd_regulator.c' (config 'CONFIG_CMD_REGULATOR')
* Example: 'drivers/power/regulator/max77686.c'
'drivers/power/pmic/max77686.c' (required I/O driver for the above)
'drivers/power/pmic/max77686.c' (required I/O driver for the above)
* Example: 'drivers/power/regulator/fixed.c'
config" 'CONFIG_DM_REGULATOR_FIXED'
(config 'CONFIG_DM_REGULATOR_FIXED')
For detailed API description, please refer to the header file.

177
doc/driver-model/remoteproc-framework.txt → doc/driver-model/remoteproc-framework.rst
View file

@ -1,19 +1,12 @@
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
#
# (C) Copyright 2015
# Texas Instruments Incorporated - http://www.ti.com/
#
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
.. (C) Copyright 2015
.. Texas Instruments Incorporated - http://www.ti.com/
Remote Processor Framework
==========================
TOC:
1. Introduction
2. How does it work - The driver
3. Describing the device using platform data
4. Describing the device using device tree
1. Introduction
===============
Introduction
------------
This is an introduction to driver-model for Remote Processors found
on various System on Chip(SoCs). The term remote processor is used to
@ -24,43 +17,44 @@ the processor on which we are functional.
The simplified model depends on a single UCLASS - UCLASS_REMOTEPROC
UCLASS_REMOTEPROC:
- drivers/remoteproc/rproc-uclass.c
- include/remoteproc.h
- drivers/remoteproc/rproc-uclass.c
- include/remoteproc.h
Commands:
- common/cmd_remoteproc.c
- common/cmd_remoteproc.c
Configuration:
CONFIG_REMOTEPROC is selected by drivers as needed
CONFIG_CMD_REMOTEPROC for the commands if required.
- CONFIG_REMOTEPROC is selected by drivers as needed
- CONFIG_CMD_REMOTEPROC for the commands if required.
2. How does it work - The driver
=================================
How does it work - The driver
-----------------------------
Overall, the driver statemachine transitions are typically as follows:
(entry)
+-------+
+---+ init |
| | | <---------------------+
| +-------+ |
| |
| |
| +--------+ |
Load| | reset | |
| | | <----------+ |
| +--------+ | |
| |Load | |
| | | |
| +----v----+ reset | |
+-> | | (opt) | |
| Loaded +-----------+ |
| | |
+----+----+ |
| Start |
+---v-----+ (opt) |
+->| Running | Stop |
Ping +- | +--------------------+
(opt) +---------+
Overall, the driver statemachine transitions are typically as follows::
(entry)
+-------+
+---+ init |
| | | <---------------------+
| +-------+ |
| |
| |
| +--------+ |
Load| | reset | |
| | | <----------+ |
| +--------+ | |
| |Load | |
| | | |
| +----v----+ reset | |
+-> | | (opt) | |
| Loaded +-----------+ |
| | |
+----+----+ |
| Start |
+---v-----+ (opt) |
+->| Running | Stop |
Ping +- | +--------------------+
(opt) +---------+
(is_running does not change state)
opt: Optional state transition implemented by driver.
@ -83,23 +77,25 @@ The driver follows a standard UCLASS DM.
in the bare minimum form:
static const struct dm_rproc_ops sandbox_testproc_ops = {
.load = sandbox_testproc_load,
.start = sandbox_testproc_start,
};
.. code-block:: c
static const struct udevice_id sandbox_ids[] = {
{.compatible = "sandbox,test-processor"},
{}
};
static const struct dm_rproc_ops sandbox_testproc_ops = {
.load = sandbox_testproc_load,
.start = sandbox_testproc_start,
};
U_BOOT_DRIVER(sandbox_testproc) = {
.name = "sandbox_test_proc",
.of_match = sandbox_ids,
.id = UCLASS_REMOTEPROC,
.ops = &sandbox_testproc_ops,
.probe = sandbox_testproc_probe,
};
static const struct udevice_id sandbox_ids[] = {
{.compatible = "sandbox,test-processor"},
{}
};
U_BOOT_DRIVER(sandbox_testproc) = {
.name = "sandbox_test_proc",
.of_match = sandbox_ids,
.id = UCLASS_REMOTEPROC,
.ops = &sandbox_testproc_ops,
.probe = sandbox_testproc_probe,
};
This allows for the device to be probed as part of the "init" command
or invocation of 'rproc_init()' function as the system dependencies define.
@ -110,8 +106,8 @@ provide a load and start function. We assume here that the device
needs to be loaded and started, else, there is no real purpose of
using the remoteproc framework.
3. Describing the device using platform data
============================================
Describing the device using platform data
-----------------------------------------
*IMPORTANT* NOTE: THIS SUPPORT IS NOT MEANT FOR USE WITH NEWER PLATFORM
SUPPORT. THIS IS ONLY FOR LEGACY DEVICES. THIS MODE OF INITIALIZATION
@ -121,16 +117,18 @@ TO DM/FDT.
Considering that many platforms are yet to move to device-tree model,
a simplified definition of a device is as follows:
struct dm_rproc_uclass_pdata proc_3_test = {
.name = "proc_3_legacy",
.mem_type = RPROC_INTERNAL_MEMORY_MAPPED,
.driver_plat_data = &mydriver_data;
};
.. code-block:: c
U_BOOT_DEVICE(proc_3_demo) = {
.name = "sandbox_test_proc",
.platdata = &proc_3_test,
};
struct dm_rproc_uclass_pdata proc_3_test = {
.name = "proc_3_legacy",
.mem_type = RPROC_INTERNAL_MEMORY_MAPPED,
.driver_plat_data = &mydriver_data;
};
U_BOOT_DEVICE(proc_3_demo) = {
.name = "sandbox_test_proc",
.platdata = &proc_3_test,
};
There can be additional data that may be desired depending on the
remoteproc driver specific needs (for example: SoC integration
@ -138,30 +136,33 @@ details such as clock handle or something similar). See appropriate
documentation for specific remoteproc driver for further details.
These are passed via driver_plat_data.
3. Describing the device using device tree
==========================================
/ {
...
aliases {
Describing the device using device tree
---------------------------------------
.. code-block: none
/ {
...
remoteproc0 = &rproc_1;
remoteproc1 = &rproc_2;
aliases {
...
remoteproc0 = &rproc_1;
remoteproc1 = &rproc_2;
};
...
};
...
rproc_1: rproc@1 {
compatible = "sandbox,test-processor";
remoteproc-name = "remoteproc-test-dev1";
};
rproc_1: rproc@1 {
compatible = "sandbox,test-processor";
remoteproc-name = "remoteproc-test-dev1";
};
rproc_2: rproc@2 {
compatible = "sandbox,test-processor";
internal-memory-mapped;
remoteproc-name = "remoteproc-test-dev2";
rproc_2: rproc@2 {
compatible = "sandbox,test-processor";
internal-memory-mapped;
remoteproc-name = "remoteproc-test-dev2";
};
...
};
...
};
aliases usage is optional, but it is usually recommended to ensure the
users have a consistent usage model for a platform.

12
doc/driver-model/serial-howto.txt → doc/driver-model/serial-howto.rst
View file

@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
How to port a serial driver to driver model
===========================================
Almost all of the serial drivers have been converted as at January 2016. These
ones remain:
serial_bfin.c
serial_pxa.c
* serial_bfin.c
* serial_pxa.c
The deadline for this work was the end of January 2016. If no one steps
forward to convert these, at some point there may come a patch to remove them!
@ -17,14 +19,14 @@ model. Please feel free to update this file with your ideas and suggestions.
- Define CONFIG_DM_SERIAL for your board, vendor or architecture
- If the board does not already use driver model, you need CONFIG_DM also
- Your board should then build, but will not boot since there will be no serial
driver
driver
- Add the U_BOOT_DRIVER piece at the end (e.g. copy serial_s5p.c for example)
- Add a private struct for the driver data - avoid using static variables
- Implement each of the driver methods, perhaps by calling your old methods
- You may need to adjust the function parameters so that the old and new
implementations can share most of the existing code
implementations can share most of the existing code
- If you convert all existing users of the driver, remove the pre-driver-model
code
code
In terms of patches a conversion series typically has these patches:
- clean up / prepare the driver for conversion

692
doc/driver-model/spi-howto.rst Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,692 @@
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
How to port a SPI driver to driver model
========================================
Here is a rough step-by-step guide. It is based around converting the
exynos SPI driver to driver model (DM) and the example code is based
around U-Boot v2014.10-rc2 (commit be9f643). This has been updated for
v2015.04.
It is quite long since it includes actual code examples.
Before driver model, SPI drivers have their own private structure which
contains 'struct spi_slave'. With driver model, 'struct spi_slave' still
exists, but now it is 'per-child data' for the SPI bus. Each child of the
SPI bus is a SPI slave. The information that was stored in the
driver-specific slave structure can now be port in private data for the
SPI bus.
For example, struct tegra_spi_slave looks like this:
.. code-block:: c
struct tegra_spi_slave {
struct spi_slave slave;
struct tegra_spi_ctrl *ctrl;
};
In this case 'slave' will be in per-child data, and 'ctrl' will be in the
SPI's buses private data.
How long does this take?
------------------------
You should be able to complete this within 2 hours, including testing but
excluding preparing the patches. The API is basically the same as before
with only minor changes:
- methods to set speed and mode are separated out
- cs_info is used to get information on a chip select
Enable driver mode for SPI and SPI flash
----------------------------------------
Add these to your board config:
* CONFIG_DM_SPI
* CONFIG_DM_SPI_FLASH
Add the skeleton
----------------
Put this code at the bottom of your existing driver file:
.. code-block:: c
struct spi_slave *spi_setup_slave(unsigned int busnum, unsigned int cs,
unsigned int max_hz, unsigned int mode)
{
return NULL;
}
struct spi_slave *spi_setup_slave_fdt(const void *blob, int slave_node,
int spi_node)
{
return NULL;
}
static int exynos_spi_ofdata_to_platdata(struct udevice *dev)
{
return -ENODEV;
}
static int exynos_spi_probe(struct udevice *dev)
{
return -ENODEV;
}
static int exynos_spi_remove(struct udevice *dev)
{
return -ENODEV;
}
static int exynos_spi_claim_bus(struct udevice *dev)
{
return -ENODEV;
}
static int exynos_spi_release_bus(struct udevice *dev)
{
return -ENODEV;
}
static int exynos_spi_xfer(struct udevice *dev, unsigned int bitlen,
const void *dout, void *din, unsigned long flags)
{
return -ENODEV;
}
static int exynos_spi_set_speed(struct udevice *dev, uint speed)
{
return -ENODEV;
}
static int exynos_spi_set_mode(struct udevice *dev, uint mode)
{
return -ENODEV;
}
static int exynos_cs_info(struct udevice *bus, uint cs,
struct spi_cs_info *info)
{
return -ENODEV;
}
static const struct dm_spi_ops exynos_spi_ops = {
.claim_bus = exynos_spi_claim_bus,
.release_bus = exynos_spi_release_bus,
.xfer = exynos_spi_xfer,
.set_speed = exynos_spi_set_speed,
.set_mode = exynos_spi_set_mode,
.cs_info = exynos_cs_info,
};
static const struct udevice_id exynos_spi_ids[] = {
{ .compatible = "samsung,exynos-spi" },
{ }
};
U_BOOT_DRIVER(exynos_spi) = {
.name = "exynos_spi",
.id = UCLASS_SPI,
.of_match = exynos_spi_ids,
.ops = &exynos_spi_ops,
.ofdata_to_platdata = exynos_spi_ofdata_to_platdata,
.probe = exynos_spi_probe,
.remove = exynos_spi_remove,
};
Replace 'exynos' in the above code with your driver name
--------------------------------------------------------
#ifdef out all of the code in your driver except for the above
--------------------------------------------------------------
This will allow you to get it building, which means you can work
incrementally. Since all the methods return an error initially, there is
less chance that you will accidentally leave something in.
Also, even though your conversion is basically a rewrite, it might help
reviewers if you leave functions in the same place in the file,
particularly for large drivers.
Add some includes
-----------------
Add these includes to your driver:
.. code-block:: c
#include <dm.h>
#include <errno.h>
Build
-----
At this point you should be able to build U-Boot for your board with the
empty SPI driver. You still have empty methods in your driver, but we will
write these one by one.
Set up your platform data structure
-----------------------------------
This will hold the information your driver to operate, like its hardware
address or maximum frequency.
You may already have a struct like this, or you may need to create one
from some of the #defines or global variables in the driver.
Note that this information is not the run-time information. It should not
include state that changes. It should be fixed throughout the live of
U-Boot. Run-time information comes later.
Here is what was in the exynos spi driver:
.. code-block:: c
struct spi_bus {
enum periph_id periph_id;
s32 frequency; /* Default clock frequency, -1 for none */
struct exynos_spi *regs;
int inited; /* 1 if this bus is ready for use */
int node;
uint deactivate_delay_us; /* Delay to wait after deactivate */
};
Of these, inited is handled by DM and node is the device tree node, which
DM tells you. The name is not quite right. So in this case we would use:
.. code-block:: c
struct exynos_spi_platdata {
enum periph_id periph_id;
s32 frequency; /* Default clock frequency, -1 for none */
struct exynos_spi *regs;
uint deactivate_delay_us; /* Delay to wait after deactivate */
};
Write ofdata_to_platdata() [for device tree only]
-------------------------------------------------
This method will convert information in the device tree node into a C
structure in your driver (called platform data). If you are not using
device tree, go to 8b.
DM will automatically allocate the struct for us when we are using device
tree, but we need to tell it the size:
.. code-block:: c
U_BOOT_DRIVER(spi_exynos) = {
...
.platdata_auto_alloc_size = sizeof(struct exynos_spi_platdata),
Here is a sample function. It gets a pointer to the platform data and
fills in the fields from device tree.
.. code-block:: c
static int exynos_spi_ofdata_to_platdata(struct udevice *bus)
{
struct exynos_spi_platdata *plat = bus->platdata;
const void *blob = gd->fdt_blob;
int node = dev_of_offset(bus);
plat->regs = (struct exynos_spi *)fdtdec_get_addr(blob, node, "reg");
plat->periph_id = pinmux_decode_periph_id(blob, node);
if (plat->periph_id == PERIPH_ID_NONE) {
debug("%s: Invalid peripheral ID %d\n", __func__,
plat->periph_id);
return -FDT_ERR_NOTFOUND;
}
/* Use 500KHz as a suitable default */
plat->frequency = fdtdec_get_int(blob, node, "spi-max-frequency",
500000);
plat->deactivate_delay_us = fdtdec_get_int(blob, node,
"spi-deactivate-delay", 0);
debug("%s: regs=%p, periph_id=%d, max-frequency=%d, deactivate_delay=%d\n",
__func__, plat->regs, plat->periph_id, plat->frequency,
plat->deactivate_delay_us);
return 0;
}
Add the platform data [non-device-tree only]
--------------------------------------------
Specify this data in a U_BOOT_DEVICE() declaration in your board file:
.. code-block:: c
struct exynos_spi_platdata platdata_spi0 = {
.periph_id = ...
.frequency = ...
.regs = ...
.deactivate_delay_us = ...
};
U_BOOT_DEVICE(board_spi0) = {
.name = "exynos_spi",
.platdata = &platdata_spi0,
};
You will unfortunately need to put the struct definition into a header file
in this case so that your board file can use it.
Add the device private data
---------------------------
Most devices have some private data which they use to keep track of things
while active. This is the run-time information and needs to be stored in
a structure. There is probably a structure in the driver that includes a
'struct spi_slave', so you can use that.
.. code-block:: c
struct exynos_spi_slave {
struct spi_slave slave;
struct exynos_spi *regs;
unsigned int freq; /* Default frequency */
unsigned int mode;
enum periph_id periph_id; /* Peripheral ID for this device */
unsigned int fifo_size;
int skip_preamble;
struct spi_bus *bus; /* Pointer to our SPI bus info */
ulong last_transaction_us; /* Time of last transaction end */
};
We should rename this to make its purpose more obvious, and get rid of
the slave structure, so we have:
.. code-block:: c
struct exynos_spi_priv {
struct exynos_spi *regs;
unsigned int freq; /* Default frequency */
unsigned int mode;
enum periph_id periph_id; /* Peripheral ID for this device */
unsigned int fifo_size;
int skip_preamble;
ulong last_transaction_us; /* Time of last transaction end */
};
DM can auto-allocate this also:
.. code-block:: c
U_BOOT_DRIVER(spi_exynos) = {
...
.priv_auto_alloc_size = sizeof(struct exynos_spi_priv),
Note that this is created before the probe method is called, and destroyed
after the remove method is called. It will be zeroed when the probe
method is called.
Add the probe() and remove() methods
------------------------------------
Note: It's a good idea to build repeatedly as you are working, to avoid a
huge amount of work getting things compiling at the end.
The probe method is supposed to set up the hardware. U-Boot used to use
spi_setup_slave() to do this. So take a look at this function and see
what you can copy out to set things up.
.. code-block:: c
static int exynos_spi_probe(struct udevice *bus)
{
struct exynos_spi_platdata *plat = dev_get_platdata(bus);
struct exynos_spi_priv *priv = dev_get_priv(bus);
priv->regs = plat->regs;
if (plat->periph_id == PERIPH_ID_SPI1 ||
plat->periph_id == PERIPH_ID_SPI2)
priv->fifo_size = 64;
else
priv->fifo_size = 256;
priv->skip_preamble = 0;
priv->last_transaction_us = timer_get_us();
priv->freq = plat->frequency;
priv->periph_id = plat->periph_id;
return 0;
}
This implementation doesn't actually touch the hardware, which is somewhat
unusual for a driver. In this case we will do that when the device is
claimed by something that wants to use the SPI bus.
For remove we could shut down the clocks, but in this case there is
nothing to do. DM frees any memory that it allocated, so we can just
remove exynos_spi_remove() and its reference in U_BOOT_DRIVER.
Implement set_speed()
---------------------
This should set up clocks so that the SPI bus is running at the right
speed. With the old API spi_claim_bus() would normally do this and several
of the following functions, so let's look at that function:
.. code-block:: c
int spi_claim_bus(struct spi_slave *slave)
{
struct exynos_spi_slave *spi_slave = to_exynos_spi(slave);
struct exynos_spi *regs = spi_slave->regs;
u32 reg = 0;
int ret;
ret = set_spi_clk(spi_slave->periph_id,
spi_slave->freq);
if (ret < 0) {
debug("%s: Failed to setup spi clock\n", __func__);
return ret;
}
exynos_pinmux_config(spi_slave->periph_id, PINMUX_FLAG_NONE);
spi_flush_fifo(slave);
reg = readl(&regs->ch_cfg);
reg &= ~(SPI_CH_CPHA_B | SPI_CH_CPOL_L);
if (spi_slave->mode & SPI_CPHA)
reg |= SPI_CH_CPHA_B;
if (spi_slave->mode & SPI_CPOL)
reg |= SPI_CH_CPOL_L;
writel(reg, &regs->ch_cfg);
writel(SPI_FB_DELAY_180, &regs->fb_clk);
return 0;
}
It sets up the speed, mode, pinmux, feedback delay and clears the FIFOs.
With DM these will happen in separate methods.
Here is an example for the speed part:
.. code-block:: c
static int exynos_spi_set_speed(struct udevice *bus, uint speed)
{
struct exynos_spi_platdata *plat = bus->platdata;
struct exynos_spi_priv *priv = dev_get_priv(bus);
int ret;
if (speed > plat->frequency)
speed = plat->frequency;
ret = set_spi_clk(priv->periph_id, speed);
if (ret)
return ret;
priv->freq = speed;
debug("%s: regs=%p, speed=%d\n", __func__, priv->regs, priv->freq);
return 0;
}
Implement set_mode()
--------------------
This should adjust the SPI mode (polarity, etc.). Again this code probably
comes from the old spi_claim_bus(). Here is an example:
.. code-block:: c
static int exynos_spi_set_mode(struct udevice *bus, uint mode)
{
struct exynos_spi_priv *priv = dev_get_priv(bus);
uint32_t reg;
reg = readl(&priv->regs->ch_cfg);
reg &= ~(SPI_CH_CPHA_B | SPI_CH_CPOL_L);
if (mode & SPI_CPHA)
reg |= SPI_CH_CPHA_B;
if (mode & SPI_CPOL)
reg |= SPI_CH_CPOL_L;
writel(reg, &priv->regs->ch_cfg);
priv->mode = mode;
debug("%s: regs=%p, mode=%d\n", __func__, priv->regs, priv->mode);
return 0;
}
Implement claim_bus()
---------------------
This is where a client wants to make use of the bus, so claims it first.
At this point we need to make sure everything is set up ready for data
transfer. Note that this function is wholly internal to the driver - at
present the SPI uclass never calls it.
Here again we look at the old claim function and see some code that is
needed. It is anything unrelated to speed and mode:
.. code-block:: c
static int exynos_spi_claim_bus(struct udevice *bus)
{
struct exynos_spi_priv *priv = dev_get_priv(bus);
exynos_pinmux_config(priv->periph_id, PINMUX_FLAG_NONE);
spi_flush_fifo(priv->regs);
writel(SPI_FB_DELAY_180, &priv->regs->fb_clk);
return 0;
}
The spi_flush_fifo() function is in the removed part of the code, so we
need to expose it again (perhaps with an #endif before it and '#if 0'
after it). It only needs access to priv->regs which is why we have
passed that in:
.. code-block:: c
/**
* Flush spi tx, rx fifos and reset the SPI controller
*
* @param regs Pointer to SPI registers
*/
static void spi_flush_fifo(struct exynos_spi *regs)
{
clrsetbits_le32(&regs->ch_cfg, SPI_CH_HS_EN, SPI_CH_RST);
clrbits_le32(&regs->ch_cfg, SPI_CH_RST);
setbits_le32(&regs->ch_cfg, SPI_TX_CH_ON | SPI_RX_CH_ON);
}
Implement release_bus()
-----------------------
This releases the bus - in our example the old code in spi_release_bus()
is a call to spi_flush_fifo, so we add:
.. code-block:: c
static int exynos_spi_release_bus(struct udevice *bus)
{
struct exynos_spi_priv *priv = dev_get_priv(bus);
spi_flush_fifo(priv->regs);
return 0;
}
Implement xfer()
----------------
This is the final method that we need to create, and it is where all the
work happens. The method parameters are the same as the old spi_xfer() with
the addition of a 'struct udevice' so conversion is pretty easy. Start
by copying the contents of spi_xfer() to your new xfer() method and proceed
from there.
If (flags & SPI_XFER_BEGIN) is non-zero then xfer() normally calls an
activate function, something like this:
.. code-block:: c
void spi_cs_activate(struct spi_slave *slave)
{
struct exynos_spi_slave *spi_slave = to_exynos_spi(slave);
/* If it's too soon to do another transaction, wait */
if (spi_slave->bus->deactivate_delay_us &&
spi_slave->last_transaction_us) {
ulong delay_us; /* The delay completed so far */
delay_us = timer_get_us() - spi_slave->last_transaction_us;
if (delay_us < spi_slave->bus->deactivate_delay_us)
udelay(spi_slave->bus->deactivate_delay_us - delay_us);
}
clrbits_le32(&spi_slave->regs->cs_reg, SPI_SLAVE_SIG_INACT);
debug("Activate CS, bus %d\n", spi_slave->slave.bus);
spi_slave->skip_preamble = spi_slave->mode & SPI_PREAMBLE;
}
The new version looks like this:
.. code-block:: c
static void spi_cs_activate(struct udevice *dev)
{
struct udevice *bus = dev->parent;
struct exynos_spi_platdata *pdata = dev_get_platdata(bus);
struct exynos_spi_priv *priv = dev_get_priv(bus);
/* If it's too soon to do another transaction, wait */
if (pdata->deactivate_delay_us &&
priv->last_transaction_us) {
ulong delay_us; /* The delay completed so far */
delay_us = timer_get_us() - priv->last_transaction_us;
if (delay_us < pdata->deactivate_delay_us)
udelay(pdata->deactivate_delay_us - delay_us);
}
clrbits_le32(&priv->regs->cs_reg, SPI_SLAVE_SIG_INACT);
debug("Activate CS, bus '%s'\n", bus->name);
priv->skip_preamble = priv->mode & SPI_PREAMBLE;
}
All we have really done here is change the pointers and print the device name
instead of the bus number. Other local static functions can be treated in
the same way.
Set up the per-child data and child pre-probe function
------------------------------------------------------
To minimise the pain and complexity of the SPI subsystem while the driver
model change-over is in place, struct spi_slave is used to reference a
SPI bus slave, even though that slave is actually a struct udevice. In fact
struct spi_slave is the device's child data. We need to make sure this space
is available. It is possible to allocate more space that struct spi_slave
needs, but this is the minimum.
.. code-block:: c
U_BOOT_DRIVER(exynos_spi) = {
...
.per_child_auto_alloc_size = sizeof(struct spi_slave),
}
Optional: Set up cs_info() if you want it
-----------------------------------------
Sometimes it is useful to know whether a SPI chip select is valid, but this
is not obvious from outside the driver. In this case you can provide a
method for cs_info() to deal with this. If you don't provide it, then the
device tree will be used to determine what chip selects are valid.
Return -ENODEV if the supplied chip select is invalid, or 0 if it is valid.
If you don't provide the cs_info() method, -ENODEV is assumed for all
chip selects that do not appear in the device tree.
Test it
-------
Now that you have the code written and it compiles, try testing it using
the 'sf test' command. You may need to enable CONFIG_CMD_SF_TEST for your
board.
Prepare patches and send them to the mailing lists
--------------------------------------------------
You can use 'tools/patman/patman' to prepare, check and send patches for
your work. See the README for details.
A little note about SPI uclass features
---------------------------------------
The SPI uclass keeps some information about each device 'dev' on the bus:
struct dm_spi_slave_platdata:
This is device_get_parent_platdata(dev).
This is where the chip select number is stored, along with
the default bus speed and mode. It is automatically read
from the device tree in spi_child_post_bind(). It must not
be changed at run-time after being set up because platform
data is supposed to be immutable at run-time.
struct spi_slave:
This is device_get_parentdata(dev).
Already mentioned above. It holds run-time information about
the device.
There are also some SPI uclass methods that get called behind the scenes:
spi_post_bind():
Called when a new bus is bound.
This scans the device tree for devices on the bus, and binds
each one. This in turn causes spi_child_post_bind() to be
called for each, which reads the device tree information
into the parent (per-child) platform data.
spi_child_post_bind():
Called when a new child is bound.
As mentioned above this reads the device tree information
into the per-child platform data
spi_child_pre_probe():
Called before a new child is probed.
This sets up the mode and speed in struct spi_slave by
copying it from the parent's platform data for this child.
It also sets the 'dev' pointer, needed to permit passing
'struct spi_slave' around the place without needing a
separate 'struct udevice' pointer.
The above housekeeping makes it easier to write your SPI driver.

623
doc/driver-model/spi-howto.txt
View file

@ -1,623 +0,0 @@
How to port a SPI driver to driver model
========================================
Here is a rough step-by-step guide. It is based around converting the
exynos SPI driver to driver model (DM) and the example code is based
around U-Boot v2014.10-rc2 (commit be9f643). This has been updated for
v2015.04.
It is quite long since it includes actual code examples.
Before driver model, SPI drivers have their own private structure which
contains 'struct spi_slave'. With driver model, 'struct spi_slave' still
exists, but now it is 'per-child data' for the SPI bus. Each child of the
SPI bus is a SPI slave. The information that was stored in the
driver-specific slave structure can now be port in private data for the
SPI bus.
For example, struct tegra_spi_slave looks like this:
struct tegra_spi_slave {
struct spi_slave slave;
struct tegra_spi_ctrl *ctrl;
};
In this case 'slave' will be in per-child data, and 'ctrl' will be in the
SPI's buses private data.
0. How long does this take?
You should be able to complete this within 2 hours, including testing but
excluding preparing the patches. The API is basically the same as before
with only minor changes:
- methods to set speed and mode are separated out
- cs_info is used to get information on a chip select
1. Enable driver mode for SPI and SPI flash
Add these to your board config:
CONFIG_DM_SPI
CONFIG_DM_SPI_FLASH
2. Add the skeleton
Put this code at the bottom of your existing driver file:
struct spi_slave *spi_setup_slave(unsigned int busnum, unsigned int cs,
unsigned int max_hz, unsigned int mode)
{
return NULL;
}
struct spi_slave *spi_setup_slave_fdt(const void *blob, int slave_node,
int spi_node)
{
return NULL;
}
static int exynos_spi_ofdata_to_platdata(struct udevice *dev)
{
return -ENODEV;
}
static int exynos_spi_probe(struct udevice *dev)
{
return -ENODEV;
}
static int exynos_spi_remove(struct udevice *dev)
{
return -ENODEV;
}
static int exynos_spi_claim_bus(struct udevice *dev)
{
return -ENODEV;
}
static int exynos_spi_release_bus(struct udevice *dev)
{
return -ENODEV;
}
static int exynos_spi_xfer(struct udevice *dev, unsigned int bitlen,
const void *dout, void *din, unsigned long flags)
{
return -ENODEV;
}
static int exynos_spi_set_speed(struct udevice *dev, uint speed)
{
return -ENODEV;
}
static int exynos_spi_set_mode(struct udevice *dev, uint mode)
{
return -ENODEV;
}
static int exynos_cs_info(struct udevice *bus, uint cs,
struct spi_cs_info *info)
{
return -ENODEV;
}
static const struct dm_spi_ops exynos_spi_ops = {
.claim_bus = exynos_spi_claim_bus,
.release_bus = exynos_spi_release_bus,
.xfer = exynos_spi_xfer,
.set_speed = exynos_spi_set_speed,
.set_mode = exynos_spi_set_mode,
.cs_info = exynos_cs_info,
};
static const struct udevice_id exynos_spi_ids[] = {
{ .compatible = "samsung,exynos-spi" },
{ }
};
U_BOOT_DRIVER(exynos_spi) = {
.name = "exynos_spi",
.id = UCLASS_SPI,
.of_match = exynos_spi_ids,
.ops = &exynos_spi_ops,
.ofdata_to_platdata = exynos_spi_ofdata_to_platdata,
.probe = exynos_spi_probe,
.remove = exynos_spi_remove,
};
3. Replace 'exynos' in the above code with your driver name
4. #ifdef out all of the code in your driver except for the above
This will allow you to get it building, which means you can work
incrementally. Since all the methods return an error initially, there is
less chance that you will accidentally leave something in.
Also, even though your conversion is basically a rewrite, it might help
reviewers if you leave functions in the same place in the file,
particularly for large drivers.
5. Add some includes
Add these includes to your driver:
#include <dm.h>
#include <errno.h>
6. Build
At this point you should be able to build U-Boot for your board with the
empty SPI driver. You still have empty methods in your driver, but we will
write these one by one.
7. Set up your platform data structure
This will hold the information your driver to operate, like its hardware
address or maximum frequency.
You may already have a struct like this, or you may need to create one
from some of the #defines or global variables in the driver.
Note that this information is not the run-time information. It should not
include state that changes. It should be fixed throughout the live of
U-Boot. Run-time information comes later.
Here is what was in the exynos spi driver:
struct spi_bus {
enum periph_id periph_id;
s32 frequency; /* Default clock frequency, -1 for none */
struct exynos_spi *regs;
int inited; /* 1 if this bus is ready for use */
int node;
uint deactivate_delay_us; /* Delay to wait after deactivate */
};
Of these, inited is handled by DM and node is the device tree node, which
DM tells you. The name is not quite right. So in this case we would use:
struct exynos_spi_platdata {
enum periph_id periph_id;
s32 frequency; /* Default clock frequency, -1 for none */
struct exynos_spi *regs;
uint deactivate_delay_us; /* Delay to wait after deactivate */
};
8a. Write ofdata_to_platdata() [for device tree only]
This method will convert information in the device tree node into a C
structure in your driver (called platform data). If you are not using
device tree, go to 8b.
DM will automatically allocate the struct for us when we are using device
tree, but we need to tell it the size:
U_BOOT_DRIVER(spi_exynos) = {
...
.platdata_auto_alloc_size = sizeof(struct exynos_spi_platdata),
Here is a sample function. It gets a pointer to the platform data and
fills in the fields from device tree.
static int exynos_spi_ofdata_to_platdata(struct udevice *bus)
{
struct exynos_spi_platdata *plat = bus->platdata;
const void *blob = gd->fdt_blob;
int node = dev_of_offset(bus);
plat->regs = (struct exynos_spi *)fdtdec_get_addr(blob, node, "reg");
plat->periph_id = pinmux_decode_periph_id(blob, node);
if (plat->periph_id == PERIPH_ID_NONE) {
debug("%s: Invalid peripheral ID %d\n", __func__,
plat->periph_id);
return -FDT_ERR_NOTFOUND;
}
/* Use 500KHz as a suitable default */
plat->frequency = fdtdec_get_int(blob, node, "spi-max-frequency",
500000);
plat->deactivate_delay_us = fdtdec_get_int(blob, node,
"spi-deactivate-delay", 0);
debug("%s: regs=%p, periph_id=%d, max-frequency=%d, deactivate_delay=%d\n",
__func__, plat->regs, plat->periph_id, plat->frequency,
plat->deactivate_delay_us);
return 0;
}
8b. Add the platform data [non-device-tree only]
Specify this data in a U_BOOT_DEVICE() declaration in your board file:
struct exynos_spi_platdata platdata_spi0 = {
.periph_id = ...
.frequency = ...
.regs = ...
.deactivate_delay_us = ...
};
U_BOOT_DEVICE(board_spi0) = {
.name = "exynos_spi",
.platdata = &platdata_spi0,
};
You will unfortunately need to put the struct definition into a header file
in this case so that your board file can use it.
9. Add the device private data
Most devices have some private data which they use to keep track of things
while active. This is the run-time information and needs to be stored in
a structure. There is probably a structure in the driver that includes a
'struct spi_slave', so you can use that.
struct exynos_spi_slave {
struct spi_slave slave;
struct exynos_spi *regs;
unsigned int freq; /* Default frequency */
unsigned int mode;
enum periph_id periph_id; /* Peripheral ID for this device */
unsigned int fifo_size;
int skip_preamble;
struct spi_bus *bus; /* Pointer to our SPI bus info */
ulong last_transaction_us; /* Time of last transaction end */
};
We should rename this to make its purpose more obvious, and get rid of
the slave structure, so we have:
struct exynos_spi_priv {
struct exynos_spi *regs;
unsigned int freq; /* Default frequency */
unsigned int mode;
enum periph_id periph_id; /* Peripheral ID for this device */
unsigned int fifo_size;
int skip_preamble;
ulong last_transaction_us; /* Time of last transaction end */
};
DM can auto-allocate this also:
U_BOOT_DRIVER(spi_exynos) = {
...
.priv_auto_alloc_size = sizeof(struct exynos_spi_priv),
Note that this is created before the probe method is called, and destroyed
after the remove method is called. It will be zeroed when the probe
method is called.
10. Add the probe() and remove() methods
Note: It's a good idea to build repeatedly as you are working, to avoid a
huge amount of work getting things compiling at the end.
The probe method is supposed to set up the hardware. U-Boot used to use
spi_setup_slave() to do this. So take a look at this function and see
what you can copy out to set things up.
static int exynos_spi_probe(struct udevice *bus)
{
struct exynos_spi_platdata *plat = dev_get_platdata(bus);
struct exynos_spi_priv *priv = dev_get_priv(bus);
priv->regs = plat->regs;
if (plat->periph_id == PERIPH_ID_SPI1 ||
plat->periph_id == PERIPH_ID_SPI2)
priv->fifo_size = 64;
else
priv->fifo_size = 256;
priv->skip_preamble = 0;
priv->last_transaction_us = timer_get_us();
priv->freq = plat->frequency;
priv->periph_id = plat->periph_id;
return 0;
}
This implementation doesn't actually touch the hardware, which is somewhat
unusual for a driver. In this case we will do that when the device is
claimed by something that wants to use the SPI bus.
For remove we could shut down the clocks, but in this case there is
nothing to do. DM frees any memory that it allocated, so we can just
remove exynos_spi_remove() and its reference in U_BOOT_DRIVER.
11. Implement set_speed()
This should set up clocks so that the SPI bus is running at the right
speed. With the old API spi_claim_bus() would normally do this and several
of the following functions, so let's look at that function:
int spi_claim_bus(struct spi_slave *slave)
{
struct exynos_spi_slave *spi_slave = to_exynos_spi(slave);
struct exynos_spi *regs = spi_slave->regs;
u32 reg = 0;
int ret;
ret = set_spi_clk(spi_slave->periph_id,
spi_slave->freq);
if (ret < 0) {
debug("%s: Failed to setup spi clock\n", __func__);
return ret;
}
exynos_pinmux_config(spi_slave->periph_id, PINMUX_FLAG_NONE);
spi_flush_fifo(slave);
reg = readl(&regs->ch_cfg);
reg &= ~(SPI_CH_CPHA_B | SPI_CH_CPOL_L);
if (spi_slave->mode & SPI_CPHA)
reg |= SPI_CH_CPHA_B;
if (spi_slave->mode & SPI_CPOL)
reg |= SPI_CH_CPOL_L;
writel(reg, &regs->ch_cfg);
writel(SPI_FB_DELAY_180, &regs->fb_clk);
return 0;
}
It sets up the speed, mode, pinmux, feedback delay and clears the FIFOs.
With DM these will happen in separate methods.
Here is an example for the speed part:
static int exynos_spi_set_speed(struct udevice *bus, uint speed)
{
struct exynos_spi_platdata *plat = bus->platdata;
struct exynos_spi_priv *priv = dev_get_priv(bus);
int ret;
if (speed > plat->frequency)
speed = plat->frequency;
ret = set_spi_clk(priv->periph_id, speed);
if (ret)
return ret;
priv->freq = speed;
debug("%s: regs=%p, speed=%d\n", __func__, priv->regs, priv->freq);
return 0;
}
12. Implement set_mode()
This should adjust the SPI mode (polarity, etc.). Again this code probably
comes from the old spi_claim_bus(). Here is an example:
static int exynos_spi_set_mode(struct udevice *bus, uint mode)
{
struct exynos_spi_priv *priv = dev_get_priv(bus);
uint32_t reg;
reg = readl(&priv->regs->ch_cfg);
reg &= ~(SPI_CH_CPHA_B | SPI_CH_CPOL_L);
if (mode & SPI_CPHA)
reg |= SPI_CH_CPHA_B;
if (mode & SPI_CPOL)
reg |= SPI_CH_CPOL_L;
writel(reg, &priv->regs->ch_cfg);
priv->mode = mode;
debug("%s: regs=%p, mode=%d\n", __func__, priv->regs, priv->mode);
return 0;
}
13. Implement claim_bus()
This is where a client wants to make use of the bus, so claims it first.
At this point we need to make sure everything is set up ready for data
transfer. Note that this function is wholly internal to the driver - at
present the SPI uclass never calls it.
Here again we look at the old claim function and see some code that is
needed. It is anything unrelated to speed and mode:
static int exynos_spi_claim_bus(struct udevice *bus)
{
struct exynos_spi_priv *priv = dev_get_priv(bus);
exynos_pinmux_config(priv->periph_id, PINMUX_FLAG_NONE);
spi_flush_fifo(priv->regs);
writel(SPI_FB_DELAY_180, &priv->regs->fb_clk);
return 0;
}
The spi_flush_fifo() function is in the removed part of the code, so we
need to expose it again (perhaps with an #endif before it and '#if 0'
after it). It only needs access to priv->regs which is why we have
passed that in:
/**
* Flush spi tx, rx fifos and reset the SPI controller
*
* @param regs Pointer to SPI registers
*/
static void spi_flush_fifo(struct exynos_spi *regs)
{
clrsetbits_le32(&regs->ch_cfg, SPI_CH_HS_EN, SPI_CH_RST);
clrbits_le32(&regs->ch_cfg, SPI_CH_RST);
setbits_le32(&regs->ch_cfg, SPI_TX_CH_ON | SPI_RX_CH_ON);
}
14. Implement release_bus()
This releases the bus - in our example the old code in spi_release_bus()
is a call to spi_flush_fifo, so we add:
static int exynos_spi_release_bus(struct udevice *bus)
{
struct exynos_spi_priv *priv = dev_get_priv(bus);
spi_flush_fifo(priv->regs);
return 0;
}
15. Implement xfer()
This is the final method that we need to create, and it is where all the
work happens. The method parameters are the same as the old spi_xfer() with
the addition of a 'struct udevice' so conversion is pretty easy. Start
by copying the contents of spi_xfer() to your new xfer() method and proceed
from there.
If (flags & SPI_XFER_BEGIN) is non-zero then xfer() normally calls an
activate function, something like this:
void spi_cs_activate(struct spi_slave *slave)
{
struct exynos_spi_slave *spi_slave = to_exynos_spi(slave);
/* If it's too soon to do another transaction, wait */
if (spi_slave->bus->deactivate_delay_us &&
spi_slave->last_transaction_us) {
ulong delay_us; /* The delay completed so far */
delay_us = timer_get_us() - spi_slave->last_transaction_us;
if (delay_us < spi_slave->bus->deactivate_delay_us)
udelay(spi_slave->bus->deactivate_delay_us - delay_us);
}
clrbits_le32(&spi_slave->regs->cs_reg, SPI_SLAVE_SIG_INACT);
debug("Activate CS, bus %d\n", spi_slave->slave.bus);
spi_slave->skip_preamble = spi_slave->mode & SPI_PREAMBLE;
}
The new version looks like this:
static void spi_cs_activate(struct udevice *dev)
{
struct udevice *bus = dev->parent;
struct exynos_spi_platdata *pdata = dev_get_platdata(bus);
struct exynos_spi_priv *priv = dev_get_priv(bus);
/* If it's too soon to do another transaction, wait */
if (pdata->deactivate_delay_us &&
priv->last_transaction_us) {
ulong delay_us; /* The delay completed so far */
delay_us = timer_get_us() - priv->last_transaction_us;
if (delay_us < pdata->deactivate_delay_us)
udelay(pdata->deactivate_delay_us - delay_us);
}
clrbits_le32(&priv->regs->cs_reg, SPI_SLAVE_SIG_INACT);
debug("Activate CS, bus '%s'\n", bus->name);
priv->skip_preamble = priv->mode & SPI_PREAMBLE;
}
All we have really done here is change the pointers and print the device name
instead of the bus number. Other local static functions can be treated in
the same way.
16. Set up the per-child data and child pre-probe function
To minimise the pain and complexity of the SPI subsystem while the driver
model change-over is in place, struct spi_slave is used to reference a
SPI bus slave, even though that slave is actually a struct udevice. In fact
struct spi_slave is the device's child data. We need to make sure this space
is available. It is possible to allocate more space that struct spi_slave
needs, but this is the minimum.
U_BOOT_DRIVER(exynos_spi) = {
...
.per_child_auto_alloc_size = sizeof(struct spi_slave),
}
17. Optional: Set up cs_info() if you want it
Sometimes it is useful to know whether a SPI chip select is valid, but this
is not obvious from outside the driver. In this case you can provide a
method for cs_info() to deal with this. If you don't provide it, then the
device tree will be used to determine what chip selects are valid.
Return -ENODEV if the supplied chip select is invalid, or 0 if it is valid.
If you don't provide the cs_info() method, -ENODEV is assumed for all
chip selects that do not appear in the device tree.
18. Test it
Now that you have the code written and it compiles, try testing it using
the 'sf test' command. You may need to enable CONFIG_CMD_SF_TEST for your
board.
19. Prepare patches and send them to the mailing lists
You can use 'tools/patman/patman' to prepare, check and send patches for
your work. See the README for details.
20. A little note about SPI uclass features:
The SPI uclass keeps some information about each device 'dev' on the bus:
struct dm_spi_slave_platdata - this is device_get_parent_platdata(dev)
This is where the chip select number is stored, along with
the default bus speed and mode. It is automatically read
from the device tree in spi_child_post_bind(). It must not
be changed at run-time after being set up because platform
data is supposed to be immutable at run-time.
struct spi_slave - this is device_get_parentdata(dev)
Already mentioned above. It holds run-time information about
the device.
There are also some SPI uclass methods that get called behind the scenes:
spi_post_bind() - called when a new bus is bound
This scans the device tree for devices on the bus, and binds
each one. This in turn causes spi_child_post_bind() to be
called for each, which reads the device tree information
into the parent (per-child) platform data.
spi_child_post_bind() - called when a new child is bound
As mentioned above this reads the device tree information
into the per-child platform data
spi_child_pre_probe() - called before a new child is probed
This sets up the mode and speed in struct spi_slave by
copying it from the parent's platform data for this child.
It also sets the 'dev' pointer, needed to permit passing
'struct spi_slave' around the place without needing a
separate 'struct udevice' pointer.
The above housekeeping makes it easier to write your SPI driver.

182
doc/driver-model/usb-info.txt → doc/driver-model/usb-info.rst
View file

@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
How USB works with driver model
===============================
@ -24,25 +26,27 @@ Support for EHCI and XHCI
So far OHCI is not supported. Both EHCI and XHCI drivers should be declared
as drivers in the USB uclass. For example:
static const struct udevice_id ehci_usb_ids[] = {
{ .compatible = "nvidia,tegra20-ehci", .data = USB_CTLR_T20 },
{ .compatible = "nvidia,tegra30-ehci", .data = USB_CTLR_T30 },
{ .compatible = "nvidia,tegra114-ehci", .data = USB_CTLR_T114 },
{ }
};
.. code-block:: c
U_BOOT_DRIVER(usb_ehci) = {
.name = "ehci_tegra",
.id = UCLASS_USB,
.of_match = ehci_usb_ids,
.ofdata_to_platdata = ehci_usb_ofdata_to_platdata,
.probe = tegra_ehci_usb_probe,
.remove = tegra_ehci_usb_remove,
.ops = &ehci_usb_ops,
.platdata_auto_alloc_size = sizeof(struct usb_platdata),
.priv_auto_alloc_size = sizeof(struct fdt_usb),
.flags = DM_FLAG_ALLOC_PRIV_DMA,
};
static const struct udevice_id ehci_usb_ids[] = {
{ .compatible = "nvidia,tegra20-ehci", .data = USB_CTLR_T20 },
{ .compatible = "nvidia,tegra30-ehci", .data = USB_CTLR_T30 },
{ .compatible = "nvidia,tegra114-ehci", .data = USB_CTLR_T114 },
{ }
};
U_BOOT_DRIVER(usb_ehci) = {
.name = "ehci_tegra",
.id = UCLASS_USB,
.of_match = ehci_usb_ids,
.ofdata_to_platdata = ehci_usb_ofdata_to_platdata,
.probe = tegra_ehci_usb_probe,
.remove = tegra_ehci_usb_remove,
.ops = &ehci_usb_ops,
.platdata_auto_alloc_size = sizeof(struct usb_platdata),
.priv_auto_alloc_size = sizeof(struct fdt_usb),
.flags = DM_FLAG_ALLOC_PRIV_DMA,
};
Here ehci_usb_ids is used to list the controllers that the driver supports.
Each has its own data value. Controllers must be in the UCLASS_USB uclass.
@ -80,7 +84,7 @@ Data structures
The following primary data structures are in use:
- struct usb_device
- struct usb_device:
This holds information about a device on the bus. All devices have
this structure, even the root hub. The controller itself does not
have this structure. You can access it for a device 'dev' with
@ -89,19 +93,19 @@ The following primary data structures are in use:
handles that). Once the device is set up, you can find the device
descriptor and current configuration descriptor in this structure.
- struct usb_platdata
- struct usb_platdata:
This holds platform data for a controller. So far this is only used
as a work-around for controllers which can act as USB devices in OTG
mode, since the gadget framework does not use driver model.
- struct usb_dev_platdata
- struct usb_dev_platdata:
This holds platform data for a device. You can access it for a
device 'dev' with dev_get_parent_platdata(dev). It holds the device
address and speed - anything that can be determined before the device
driver is actually set up. When probing the bus this structure is
used to provide essential information to the device driver.
- struct usb_bus_priv
- struct usb_bus_priv:
This is private information for each controller, maintained by the
controller uclass. It is mostly used to keep track of the next
device address to use.
@ -197,49 +201,49 @@ Device initialisation happens roughly like this:
- This calls usb_init() which works through each controller in turn
- The controller is probed(). This does no enumeration.
- Then usb_scan_bus() is called. This calls usb_scan_device() to scan the
(only) device that is attached to the controller - a root hub
(only) device that is attached to the controller - a root hub
- usb_scan_device() sets up a fake struct usb_device and calls
usb_setup_device(), passing the port number to be scanned, in this case port
0
usb_setup_device(), passing the port number to be scanned, in this case
port 0
- usb_setup_device() first calls usb_prepare_device() to set the device
address, then usb_select_config() to select the first configuration
address, then usb_select_config() to select the first configuration
- at this point the device is enumerated but we do not have a real struct
udevice for it. But we do have the descriptor in struct usb_device so we can
use this to figure out what driver to use
udevice for it. But we do have the descriptor in struct usb_device so we can
use this to figure out what driver to use
- back in usb_scan_device(), we call usb_find_child() to try to find an
existing device which matches the one we just found on the bus. This can
happen if the device is mentioned in the device tree, or if we previously
scanned the bus and so the device was created before
existing device which matches the one we just found on the bus. This can
happen if the device is mentioned in the device tree, or if we previously
scanned the bus and so the device was created before
- if usb_find_child() does not find an existing device, we call
usb_find_and_bind_driver() which tries to bind one
usb_find_and_bind_driver() which tries to bind one
- usb_find_and_bind_driver() searches all available USB drivers (declared
with USB_DEVICE()). If it finds a match it binds that driver to create a new
device.
with USB_DEVICE()). If it finds a match it binds that driver to create a
new device.
- If it does not, it binds a generic driver. A generic driver is good enough
to allow access to the device (sending it packets, etc.) but all
functionality will need to be implemented outside the driver model.
to allow access to the device (sending it packets, etc.) but all
functionality will need to be implemented outside the driver model.
- in any case, when usb_find_child() and/or usb_find_and_bind_driver() are
done, we have a device with the correct uclass. At this point we want to
probe the device
done, we have a device with the correct uclass. At this point we want to
probe the device
- first we store basic information about the new device (address, port,
speed) in its parent platform data. We cannot store it its private data
since that will not exist until the device is probed.
speed) in its parent platform data. We cannot store it its private data
since that will not exist until the device is probed.
- then we call device_probe() which probes the device
- the first probe step is actually the USB controller's (or USB hubs's)
child_pre_probe() method. This gets called before anything else and is
intended to set up a child device ready to be used with its parent bus. For
USB this calls usb_child_pre_probe() which grabs the information that was
stored in the parent platform data and stores it in the parent private data
(which is struct usb_device, a real one this time). It then calls
usb_select_config() again to make sure that everything about the device is
set up
child_pre_probe() method. This gets called before anything else and is
intended to set up a child device ready to be used with its parent bus. For
USB this calls usb_child_pre_probe() which grabs the information that was
stored in the parent platform data and stores it in the parent private data
(which is struct usb_device, a real one this time). It then calls
usb_select_config() again to make sure that everything about the device is
set up
- note that we have called usb_select_config() twice. This is inefficient
but the alternative is to store additional information in the platform data.
The time taken is minimal and this way is simpler
but the alternative is to store additional information in the platform data.
The time taken is minimal and this way is simpler
- at this point the device is set up and ready for use so far as the USB
subsystem is concerned
subsystem is concerned
- the device's probe() method is then called. It can send messages and do
whatever else it wants to make the device work.
whatever else it wants to make the device work.
Note that the first device is always a root hub, and this must be scanned to
find any devices. The above steps will have created a hub (UCLASS_USB_HUB),
@ -250,25 +254,25 @@ any hub is probed, the uclass gets to do some processing. In this case
usb_hub_post_probe() is called, and the following steps take place:
- usb_hub_post_probe() calls usb_hub_scan() to scan the hub, which in turn
calls usb_hub_configure()
calls usb_hub_configure()
- hub power is enabled
- we loop through each port on the hub, performing the same steps for each
- first, check if there is a device present. This happens in
usb_hub_port_connect_change(). If so, then usb_scan_device() is called to
scan the device, passing the appropriate port number.
usb_hub_port_connect_change(). If so, then usb_scan_device() is called to
scan the device, passing the appropriate port number.
- you will recognise usb_scan_device() from the steps above. It sets up the
device ready for use. If it is a hub, it will scan that hub before it
continues here (recursively, depth-first)
device ready for use. If it is a hub, it will scan that hub before it
continues here (recursively, depth-first)
- once all hub ports are scanned in this way, the hub is ready for use and
all of its downstream devices also
all of its downstream devices also
- additional controllers are scanned in the same way
The above method has some nice properties:
- the bus enumeration happens by virtue of driver model's natural device flow
- most logic is in the USB controller and hub uclasses; the actual device
drivers do not need to know they are on a USB bus, at least so far as
enumeration goes
drivers do not need to know they are on a USB bus, at least so far as
enumeration goes
- hub scanning happens automatically after a hub is probed
@ -279,9 +283,9 @@ USB hubs are scanned as in the section above. While hubs have their own
uclass, they share some common elements with controllers:
- they both attach private data to their children (struct usb_device,
accessible for a child with dev_get_parent_priv(child))
accessible for a child with dev_get_parent_priv(child))
- they both use usb_child_pre_probe() to set up their children as proper USB
devices
devices
Example - Mass Storage
@ -290,20 +294,22 @@ Example - Mass Storage
As an example of a USB device driver, see usb_storage.c. It uses its own
uclass and declares itself as follows:
U_BOOT_DRIVER(usb_mass_storage) = {
.name = "usb_mass_storage",
.id = UCLASS_MASS_STORAGE,
.of_match = usb_mass_storage_ids,
.probe = usb_mass_storage_probe,
};
.. code-block:: c
static const struct usb_device_id mass_storage_id_table[] = {
{ .match_flags = USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_CLASS,
.bInterfaceClass = USB_CLASS_MASS_STORAGE},
{ } /* Terminating entry */
};
U_BOOT_DRIVER(usb_mass_storage) = {
.name = "usb_mass_storage",
.id = UCLASS_MASS_STORAGE,
.of_match = usb_mass_storage_ids,
.probe = usb_mass_storage_probe,
};
USB_DEVICE(usb_mass_storage, mass_storage_id_table);
static const struct usb_device_id mass_storage_id_table[] = {
{ .match_flags = USB_DEVICE_ID_MATCH_INT_CLASS,
.bInterfaceClass = USB_CLASS_MASS_STORAGE},
{ } /* Terminating entry */
};
USB_DEVICE(usb_mass_storage, mass_storage_id_table);
The USB_DEVICE() macro attaches the given table of matching information to
the given driver. Note that the driver is declared in U_BOOT_DRIVER() as
@ -347,6 +353,8 @@ stack to be tested without real hardware being needed.
Here is an example device tree fragment:
.. code-block:: none
usb@1 {
compatible = "sandbox,usb";
hub {
@ -369,13 +377,13 @@ This defines a single controller, containing a root hub (which is required).
The hub is emulated by a hub emulator, and the emulated hub has a single
flash stick to emulate on one of its ports.
When 'usb start' is used, the following 'dm tree' output will be available:
When 'usb start' is used, the following 'dm tree' output will be available::
usb [ + ] `-- usb@1
usb_hub [ + ] `-- hub
usb_emul [ + ] |-- hub-emul
usb_emul [ + ] | `-- flash-stick
usb_mass_st [ + ] `-- usb_mass_storage
usb [ + ] `-- usb@1
usb_hub [ + ] `-- hub
usb_emul [ + ] |-- hub-emul
usb_emul [ + ] | `-- flash-stick
usb_mass_st [ + ] `-- usb_mass_storage
This may look confusing. Most of it mirrors the device tree, but the
@ -393,12 +401,12 @@ embedded system. In fact anything other than a root hub is uncommon. Still
it would be possible to speed up enumeration in two ways:
- breadth-first search would allow devices to be reset and probed in
parallel to some extent
parallel to some extent
- enumeration could be lazy, in the sense that we could enumerate just the
root hub at first, then only progress to the next 'level' when a device is
used that we cannot find. This could be made easier if the devices were
statically declared in the device tree (which is acceptable for production
boards where the same, known, things are on each bus).
root hub at first, then only progress to the next 'level' when a device is
used that we cannot find. This could be made easier if the devices were
statically declared in the device tree (which is acceptable for production
boards where the same, known, things are on each bus).
But in common cases the current algorithm is sufficient.
@ -410,6 +418,6 @@ Other things that need doing:
- Implement USB PHYs in driver model
- Work out a clever way to provide lazy init for USB devices
--
Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
23-Mar-15
.. Simon Glass <sjg@chromium.org>
.. 23-Mar-15

69
doc/index.rst
View file

@ -1,11 +1,68 @@
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
#######################
U-Boot Developer Manual
#######################
.. _u-boot_doc:
The U-Boot Documentation
========================
This is the top level of the U-Boot's documentation tree. U-Boot
documentation, like the U-Boot itself, is very much a work in progress;
that is especially true as we work to integrate our many scattered
documents into a coherent whole. Please note that improvements to the
documentation are welcome; join the U-Boot list at http://lists.denx.de
if you want to help out.
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
efi
linker_lists
serial
Driver-Model documentation
--------------------------
The following holds information on the U-Boot device driver framework:
driver-model, including the design details of itself and several driver
subsystems.
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
driver-model/index
U-Boot API documentation
------------------------
These books get into the details of how specific U-Boot subsystems work
from the point of view of a U-Boot developer. Much of the information here
is taken directly from the U-Boot source, with supplemental material added
as needed (or at least as we managed to add it - probably *not* all that is
needed).
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
api/index
Architecture-specific doc
-------------------------
These books provide programming details about architecture-specific
implementation.
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
arch/index
Board-specific doc
------------------
These books provide details about board-specific information. They are
organized in a vendor subdirectory.
.. toctree::
:maxdepth: 2
board/index
Indices and tables
==================
* :ref:`genindex`